{"id":17884,"date":"2018-06-19T23:14:14","date_gmt":"2018-06-19T15:14:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/chinaworker.info\/?p=17884"},"modified":"2018-06-20T21:23:52","modified_gmt":"2018-06-20T13:23:52","slug":"whats-behind-trumps-deal-with-kim-jong-un","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/en\/2018\/06\/19\/17884\/","title":{"rendered":"What\u2019s behind Trump\u2019s deal with Kim Jong-un?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>\u2018Historic\u2019 deal shows US power in decline and bigger storms ahead<\/strong><!--more--><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/chinaworker.info\/\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?hl=en&amp;q=http:\/\/chinaworker.info\/&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1529503251681000&amp;usg=AFQjCNH3jfmZ8gJghM3BffSazdm6G04MIQ\">chinaworker.info<\/a>\u00a0reporters<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">President Donald Trump met North Korea\u2019s Kim Jong-un in Singapore on 12 June. The summit has been hailed as historic. Trump, true to form, also seems to have gone further than his own government and military heads intended, promising to freeze \u201cprovocative\u201d US-led military exercises and even opening a door to possible reductions in US troop numbers stationed in South Korea.<\/p>\n<p><strong>How significant is the summit and deal reached between Trump and Kim?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is \u2018historic\u2019 because no sitting US president has ever met a North Korean leader. It is one of the biggest media events of 2018 with 2,500 foreign journalists descending on Singapore. Millions in the Koreas and around the world are relieved that last year\u2019s nuclear brinkmanship seems to be off the agenda.<\/p>\n<p>But this will be a shaky and tortuous \u2018peace process\u2019 with a high risk of reverses and even collapse. Capitalism and imperialism does not have real solutions to these problems, no more than it has solutions in the Middle East or in the US itself.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Is the summit a victory for Trump?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Trump probably deludes himself that he\u2019s put the US in the driving seat over Korea, stealing a march on China especially, and can dictate this process going forward. That\u2019s extremely unlikely.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The biggest winner from the deal is Kim Jong-un, who so far has committed to very little in return for what, if Trump\u2019s statements aren\u2019t rescinded, would be major concessions by the US: ending joint military drills with South Korea and cutting US troop numbers based there (currently 28,000).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Xi Jinping is another winner, so far.\u00a0China maintains a strong hand in the wings. It can also boast that its approach has been vindicated. Xi\u2019s regime supported Trump\u2019s harsher sanctions against North Korea, provided they were endorsed by the UN, but called for\u00a0dialogue instead of threats. The Chinese regime pitched the \u2018freeze-for-freeze\u2019 proposal, which Trump rejected but has now adopted: That the US suspend its joint military exercises in exchange for North Korea freezing its nuclear activities.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">From here on in it will get very complicated. There are several other major powers, not only the US and China, with a big stake in what happens next. The South Korean capitalists have their own agenda and it\u2019s significant that the main push for the Trump-Kim summit came from Seoul and president Moon. The survival interests of the North Korean dictatorship, which have always governed its maverick behaviour, can produce more shocks and somersaults.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-17885\" src=\"http:\/\/media.chinaworker.info\/2018\/06\/Kim-Trump-1-600x325.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"325\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>What has been agreed?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The actual content of the deal reached is very vague with few specifics. The Singapore communiqu\u00e9 ran to just 400 words, compared to 110 pages in the case of the Iran nuclear deal, which Trump denounced as \u201chorrible\u201d and withdrew from in May. The word \u201cverification\u201d \u2013 to confirm Pyongyang has implemented agreed steps to roll back its nuclear programme \u2013 is completely missing.<\/p>\n<p>Both sides have agreed only on grand ambitions such as to work for a \u201cpeace regime\u201d on the Korean peninsular. The US agrees to provide security guarantees (from Trump who nine months ago threatened to \u201ctotally destroy\u201d North Korea) in return for a vague commitment to nuclear disarmament by Kim\u2019s regime.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Does this pave the way for removing nuclear weapons?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Leaving aside US hypocrisy (the only state to use nuclear weapons in a war also claims the moral high ground against other countries developing such weapons), the Pyongyang regime is almost certainly not going to give up all its nuclear weapons. A partial reduction,\u00a0giving up some of the longer-range missile systems that can reach the US for example,\u00a0is possible in return for huge bribes and financial incentives.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A recent speech by Trump\u2019s National Security Advisor John Bolton that North Korea should follow the \u201cLibyan model\u201d won\u2019t have helped to change Kim Jong-un\u2019s mind. Gadhafi, who gave up Libya\u2019s nuclear weapons programme in 2003, was subsequently overthrown by the US and murdered.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The actual wording of the communiqu\u00e9 says North Korea \u201ccommits to\u00a0<em>work towards\u00a0<\/em>complete denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula\u201d (our emphasis). This is standard diplomatic waffle and puts the North Korean regime in a strong position to manoeuvre and stall for maximum concessions at every step. This has always been its strategy. The US side are not so stupid that they can\u2019t see the deal is full of loopholes, but they, and particularly Trump personally, wanted it done anyway. That is a key point in order to understand what has just happened.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Why has US policy shifted on North Korea?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is a very abrupt turn by the US under Trump. Previous US governments have been guided largely by the idea the North Korean regime was close to collapse. Accordingly, diplomatic and economic isolation \u2013 sanctions \u2013 could hasten this process or force the regime to negotiate from a position of weakness. This, rather than very risky military action to stop Pyongyang\u2019s development of nuclear weapons, was the favoured US outcome.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What\u2019s changed is that a degree of economic stabilisation in North Korea has made regime collapse less likely in the short term. But the wider regional picture is also changing especially with the escalating conflict between the US and China \u2013 this is the other main reason for the US government\u2019s sharp change of course.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Numerous studies have shown US leaders that a \u201csurgical military strike\u201d against North Korea\u2019s nuclear installations is not a viable option and would likely escalate into a war that the US could of course win militarily but, with or without a horrific nuclear exchange, the devastation would be so colossal \u2013 in Korea North and South, in Japan and even in parts of China \u2013 that the US would lose Asia, generating massive anti-US feeling across the region. The global economy would also most likely enter a major crisis under such a scenario.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Previous US governments negotiated much tougher and more extensive pacts over North Korea\u2019s nuclear programme with Kim\u2019s father Kim Jong-il in the 1990s (the Agreed Framework) and 2000s (Six-party talks). Both of those arrangements collapsed. The loose deal Trump has negotiated could in fact have been achieved by the US at any time in the past 20 years.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This accord with Kim is not just a product of Trump\u2019s idiosyncrasies \u2013 his unpredictability \u2013 it\u2019s a reflection of the declining power of US imperialism on the world stage and especially in Asia where it\u00a0is checked on every front by the growing power of China. This is producing more desperate, adventuristic policies.<\/p>\n<p><strong>What does Trump hope to achieve?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trump\u2019s government is a government of crisis and desperately wants a foreign policy \u2018success\u2019. But apart from hoping selfies with Kim Jong-un will lead to higher voter support, the deal allows the US to extricate itself from a potentially dangerous stalemate. Trump also sees an opportunity, if the deal leads to a deeper \u2018normalisation\u2019 process, to strengthen the US position in Asia at the expense of China and other rivals.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To this end, Trump had a Hollywood production team make a four-minute promotional video which he showed to Kim and the North Korean delegation, depicting a flood of US investments transforming North Korea into a new\u00a0\u2018miracle\u2019 economy. At his press conference in Singapore, Trump the president gave way to Trump the property mogul.\u00a0\u201cThink of it from a real estate perspective,\u201d he said.\u00a0\u201cAs an example they [North Korea] have great beaches. You see that whenever they\u2019re exploding their cannons into the ocean. I said, boy, look at that view. Wouldn\u2019t that make a great condo?\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Some in the US government harbour hopes of being able to \u2018flip\u2019 North Korea into the US camp against China and Russia, which are both on its border. According to this scenario, in exchange for massive US economic assistance and military guarantees, linked to a process towards reunification with the South (full reunification \u2018German-style\u2019 is unlikely), the North Korean regime would agree together with the South to become part of the US security and military umbrella \u2013 constituting a threat to China\u2019s and Russia\u2019s interests in this case.<\/p>\n<p><strong>What is China\u2019s role?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While the above is unlikely, it is a scenario that worries the Chinese regime, which has experience over many decades of the North Korean regime\u2019s maverick\u00a0not to say deceitful diplomacy. This explains why Kim and Xi Jinping are currently holding talks for the third time in as many months; they had never met each other before this year.\u00a0China is using its economic power and even an implied military threat to try to keep a prickly ally in line and block any moves towards a Trump-Kim axis at China\u2019s expense.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">China is North Korea\u2019s main economic partner \u2013 accounting for 90 percent of its trade. But prior to the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, the regime of Kim\u2019s grandfather Kim Il-sung played Moscow and Beijing off against each other, frequently using blackmail tactics similar to Kim\u2019s tactics today.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The search for an accommodation with US imperialism to counterbalance its lopsided dependence on China has been one of the main rationales for North Korea\u2019s nuclear programme. Kim undoubtedly hopes to profit, winning concessions on security, access to the global economy, investment deals, and more, by playing South Korea, Japan, Russia and especially the US and China, off against each other.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Despite what Trump may believe, it is by no means certain the US will come out on top in this new intensified scramble between imperialist powers. China will exert pressure in various ways to insure it is included in the ongoing talks with a major role in any agreements and future inspection regimes. Trump is as unpredictable as Kim Jong-un and could very likely use the Korean negotiations to gain leverage in other conflicts with China,\u00a0such as the rapidly escalating trade war.<\/p>\n<p>But Trump is also known for his \u201cisolationist\u201d tendencies and earlier threats to withdraw US troops not only from South Korea but also from Japan, where 50,000 US troops are stationed, unless these governments \u201cpay all the costs\u201d. This is also linked to Trump\u2019s desire to boost US arms exports, with Asia being the world\u2019s fastest growing arms market.<\/p>\n<p>His apparently off-the-cuff offer to Kim Jong-un to scale down or withdraw US troops from South Korea has cast further uncertainty over US intentions. While unlikely, at least in the near future, a US military withdrawal from Korea and Japan would paradoxically, on the basis of crisis-torn capitalism, unleash an even more ferocious arms race in the region with Japan and South Korea probably building their own nuclear weapons. Such a development would alarm the Chinese regime.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Therefore, rather than peace, the process initiated in Singapore could be the start of a new phase of heightened tensions between the US, China and other regional powers.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_17886\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17886\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-17886\" src=\"http:\/\/media.chinaworker.info\/2018\/06\/North-Korea-artillery-on-beach-Trump-sees-condo-potential-e1528797914129-600x338.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17886\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Trump praised North Korea&#8217;s beaches.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>What is the Kim regime\u2019s strategy?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, its main economic support, causing North Korea\u2019s own planned economy to\u00a0all but implode, the regime has been driven by one overriding aim \u2013 to guarantee its own survival. This is the origin of the North\u2019s nuclear programme as part of its traditional attention-seeking foreign policy.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Regime survival is not an ideological question, it is nothing to do with \u2018communism\u2019 or Stalinism or opposing capitalism. The very wealthy and privileged elite in North Korea, a thousand or so top families mostly with military connections, understand that if their state and regime collapses or is absorbed like East Germany (the former DDR) into a \u2018democratic\u2019 capitalist Korea ruled by South Korean capitalism, in which an anti-communist right-wing still wields considerable power, then the members and families of the Northern elite will be ruthlessly dealt with \u2013 show trials, prison or worse.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To this end, Kim\u2019s policy is to secure the continuation of his regime, now entrenched as a third-generation monarchy, on whatever basis. Since the late 1990s the regime has experimented with various capitalist market reforms, but due to economic isolation and US-led sanctions its attempts to follow China\u2019s example have been frustrated.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is now likely Kim Jong-un will use the momentum from his deal with Trump, which strengthens his grip on power, to launch a new phase of pro-capitalist reforms. The regime, with support from Seoul and Beijing, will push for a speedy relaxation of the international sanctions and hope for new economic deals especially with South Korean capitalism to come quickly.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Could this deal lead to a democratic and unified Korea?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">North Korean state television gave massive coverage to Singapore in its summit coverage, interviewing ordinary citizens, promoting the city-state as a glistening success story for \u201cauthoritarian state capitalism\u201d. Economic reforms in North Korea will therefore not be accompanied by political relaxation or democratisation. China will again be the model in this respect.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The South Korean state with its\u00a0\u201cWestern-style democracy\u201d has no desire to spread this political system over the border, understanding that it needs autocratic rule in the North to hold this largely very poor society in line: to block refugees moving south, mass protests, unionisation, and strikes by the North\u2019s cheap labour force, which the Southern capitalists now hope to exploit more extensively as a result of post-summit economic deals.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Democratic rights have always been achieved by mass struggle from below, rather than through deals made between governments and ruling elites. This was the experience in South Korea itself where mass strikes in the 1980s ended the rule of the generals. The working class \u2013 organised democratically in socialist mass parties \u2013 is the key to achieving real peace and ending brutal dictatorial rule in the Koreas, China and throughout the region, by ending capitalism and the threat of imperialist interventions by the US or any other power.<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u2018Historic\u2019 deal shows US power in decline and bigger storms ahead<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":17885,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[132,148,124],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-17884","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-china","8":"category-international","9":"category-news"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What\u2019s behind Trump\u2019s deal with Kim Jong-un? 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