{"id":28644,"date":"2021-04-12T03:47:38","date_gmt":"2021-04-11T19:47:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/?page_id=28644"},"modified":"2021-04-12T03:48:18","modified_gmt":"2021-04-11T19:48:18","slug":"%e5%85%b1%e4%ba%a7%e5%85%9a%e5%ae%a3%e8%a8%80%e4%b9%9d%e5%8d%81%e5%91%a8%e5%b9%b4%ef%bc%881937%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/%e5%85%b1%e4%ba%a7%e5%85%9a%e5%ae%a3%e8%a8%80%e4%b9%9d%e5%8d%81%e5%91%a8%e5%b9%b4%ef%bc%881937%ef%bc%89\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5ba3\u8a00\u4e5d\u5341\u5468\u5e74\uff081937\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"tdi_1\" class=\"tdc-zone\"><div class=\"tdc_zone tdi_2  wpb_row td-pb-row\"  >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_2{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }\n<\/style><div id=\"tdi_3\" class=\"tdc-row\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_4  wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_4,\r\n                .tdi_4 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_4,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_4 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_4 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_4:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_4:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n\/* inline tdc_css att - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n.tdi_4{\nmargin-top:50px !important;\n}\n\n.tdi_4 .td_block_wrap{ text-align:left }\n\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_6  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span8\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_6{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_6 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_6 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_6 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_6 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_6 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" ><div class=\"wpb_wrapper wpb_text_column td_block_wrap td_block_wrap vc_column_text tdi_7  tagdiv-type td-pb-border-top td_block_template_1\"  data-td-block-uid=\"tdi_7\" >\n<style>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.vc_column_text > .td-element-style{\r\n\t\t\t\t\tz-index: -1;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"td-fix-index\"><h3 class=\"title1\" style=\"text-align: center;\">\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5ba3\u8a00\u4e5d\u5341\u5468\u5e74<\/h3>\n<p class=\"author\" style=\"text-align: center;\">\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa<\/p>\n<p class=\"date\" style=\"text-align: center;\">\u5218\u5b87\u51e1\u8bd1<\/p>\n<div class=\"a1\">\u3000\u3000\uff08\u7f16\u8005\u6309\uff1a\u672c\u6587\u662f\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u57281937\u5e74\u4e3a\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5ba3\u8a00\u7684\u5357\u975e\u6587\u8bd1\u672c\u6240\u4f5c\u7684\u5e8f\u8a00\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u5185\u6218\u4ecd\u7136\u6700\u540e\u80dc\u8d1f\u672a\u5206\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5171\u4ea7\u56fd\u9645\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8def\u7ebf\u5df2\u4fc3\u4f7f\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u4ece\u5931\u8d25\u8d70\u5411\u5931\u8d25\u3002\u800c\u65b0\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4f20\u7edf\u5de5\u4eba\u653f\u515a\u7684\u53db\u5356\u4f7f\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u65e0\u6cd5\u963b\u6b62\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u56fd\u5bb6\u53d1\u52a8\u6218\u4e89\uff0c\u800c\u53d8\u5f97\u65e5\u76ca\u8feb\u8fd1\u3002\u6258\u6c0f\u5728\u5e8f\u8a00\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\u5ba3\u8a00\u4e2d\u54ea\u4e9b\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u54ea\u4e9b\u987b\u8981\u968f\u65f6\u4ee3\u53d1\u5c55\u800c\u8981\u4fee\u8ba2\u3002\u672c\u6587\u8bd1\u81eaWritings of Leon Trotsky\uff0c 1937-38\uff0cPathfinder Press\uff0cnew york\uff0c1970\u3002\uff09<br \/>\n\u96be\u4ee5\u76f8\u4fe1\u53ea\u6b20\u5341\u5e74\u5c31\u662f\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5ba3\u8a00\u4e00\u767e\u5468\u5e74\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u672c\u5c0f\u518c\u5b50\u6240\u8868\u73b0\u7684\u5929\u624d\uff0c\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u79cd\u51fa\u7248\u7269\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4eca\u5929\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u8981\u88ab\u5b83\u7684\u72ec\u521b\u6027\u6240\u9707\u64bc\u3002\u5176\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7ae0\u8282\u597d\u50cf\u662f\u6628\u5929\u624d\u5199\u5c31\u4f3c\u7684\u3002\u65e0\u53ef\u6000\u7591\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e24\u4f4d\u5e74\u9752\u4f5c\u8005\uff08\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u65f6\u5e74\u5eff\u4e5d\uff0c\u6069\u683c\u65af\u5eff\u4e03\uff09\u6bd4\u4efb\u4f55\u524d\u8f88\uff0c\u6216\u8bb8\u4e5f\u6bd4\u4efb\u4f55\u540e\u6765\u8005\uff0c\u5bf9\u672a\u6765\u90fd\u66f4\u80fd\u9ad8\u77bb\u8fdc\u77a9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u65e9\u5728\u51761872\u5e74\u7248\u7684\u5408\u5199\u7684\u5e8f\u91cc\uff0c\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e0e\u6069\u683c\u65af\u5c31\u5ba3\u544a\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5ba3\u8a00\u7684\u82e5\u5e72\u6b21\u8981\u6bb5\u843d\u5df2\u8fc7\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u662f\u89c9\u5f97\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u6743\u5229\u53bb\u4fee\u6539\u539f\u7a3f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5ba3\u8a00\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u5345\u4e94\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d8\u6210\u4e00\u4efd\u5386\u53f2\u6587\u732e\u3002\u81ea\u90a3\u65f6\u8d77\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u53c8\u518d\u8fc7\u4e86\u516d\u5341\u4e94\u5e74\u4e86\u3002\u5ba3\u8a00\u4e2a\u522b\u6bb5\u843d\u4ea6\u968f\u800c\u5411\u540e\u6d88\u9690\u4e86\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e8f\u8a00\u4e2d\u627c\u8981\u5730\u8c08\u8c08\u5ba3\u8a00\u4e2d\u54ea\u4e9b\u5730\u65b9\u5230\u4eca\u5929\u4ecd\u4fdd\u6709\u5176\u5168\u90e8\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u54ea\u4e9b\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u5927\u4fee\u6539\u6216\u53d1\u6325\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u7531\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e0d\u4e45\u524d\u624d\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u552f\u7269\u8bba\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b8c\u7f8e\u6280\u5de7\u88ab\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5ba3\u8a00\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7406\u8bba\u5b8c\u5168\u7ecf\u5f97\u8d77\u4e8b\u53d8\u7684\u8003\u9a8c\u548c\u654c\u610f\u6279\u8bc4\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u5b83\u6210\u4e3a\u5f53\u4eca\u4eba\u7c7b\u601d\u60f3\u6700\u5b9d\u8d35\u5de5\u5177\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u6240\u6709\u5173\u4e8e\u5386\u53f2\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5176\u5b83\u89e3\u91ca\u90fd\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u79d1\u5b66\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u65a9\u9489\u622a\u94c1\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e0d\u66fe\u5438\u6536\u5386\u53f2\u552f\u7269\u8bba\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u8bf4\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u9769\u547d\u6218\u58eb\uff0c\u4fbf\u662f\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u7d20\u517b\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u89c2\u5bdf\u5bb6\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u5ba3\u8a00\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u5f00\u5b97\u660e\u4e49\u5730\u8bf4\uff1a\u300c\u4e00\u5207\u73b0\u5b58\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u90fd\u662f\u9636\u7ea7\u6597\u4e89\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u3002\u300d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u662f\u4ece\u5386\u53f2\u552f\u7269\u8bba\u6240\u63a8\u6f14\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u5b83\u7acb\u523b\u6210\u4e3a\u9636\u7ea7\u6597\u4e89\u7684\u8bae\u9898\u3002\u53cd\u52a8\u7684\u4f2a\u5584\u8005\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u6d3e\u7684\u6559\u6761\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u4ee5\u81f3\u552f\u5fc3\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u6d3e\u6240\u7279\u522b\u6076\u6bd2\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u662f\u90a3\u79cd\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u5b83\u628a\u7269\u8d28\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u6597\u4e89\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u751a\u4e48\u300c\u5171\u540c\u798f\u5229\u300d\u3001\u300c\u6c11\u65cf\u56e2\u7ed3\u300d\u3001\u300c\u6c38\u6052\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u771f\u7406\u300d\u7b49\u7b49\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5386\u53f2\u52a8\u529b\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u540e\u6765\u4ece\u5de5\u4eba\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e5f\u62db\u52df\u5230\u540c\u9053\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6240\u8c13\u4fee\u6b63\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u3002\u4fee\u6b63\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u6309\u7167\u9636\u7ea7\u5408\u4f5c\u53ca\u9636\u7ea7\u8c03\u548c\u8bba\u6765\u4fee\u6b63\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u8fd9\u6761\u8def\u7ebf\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4e5f\u4e3a\u5171\u4ea7\u56fd\u9645<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/marxist.org-chinese-trotsky-1937a.htm#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a> \uff08\u6240\u8c13\u53f2\u5927\u6797\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff09\u7684\u53ef\u9119\u7684\u4e0d\u8096\u95e8\u5f92\u6240\u8ffd\u968f\uff1a\u6240\u8c13\u300c\u4eba\u6c11\u9635\u7ebf\u300d\u653f\u7b56\u5c31\u662f\u6e90\u4e8e\u5bf9\u9636\u7ea7\u6597\u89c4\u5f8b\u7684\u5426\u5b9a\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u6070\u6070\u662f\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u793e\u4f1a\u77db\u76fe\u63a8\u5411\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u7d27\u5f20\u6700\u5c16\u9510\u7684\u5730\u6b65\uff0c\u8ba9\u300a\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u5f97\u5230\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u7684\u65e0\u53ef\u6bd4\u62df\u7684\u80dc\u5229\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u628a\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u4f5c\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u9636\u6bb5\u6765\u52a0\u4ee5\u89e3\u5256\uff0c\u662f\u9a6c\u514b\u601d1867\u5e74\u5728\u300a\u8d44\u672c\u8bba\u300b\u4e2d\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u65e9\u5728\u300a\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u91cc\u5df2\u7ecf\u628a\u90a3\u65e5\u540e\u5206\u6790\u7684\u8981\u70b9\u786e\u5b9a\u5730\u5199\u51fa\u6765\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\uff1a\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u7684\u62a5\u916c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u5176\u518d\u751f\u4ea7\u6210\u672c\uff1b\u8d44\u672c\u5bb6\u5360\u6709\u4e86\u5269\u4f59\u4ef7\u503c\uff1b\u7ade\u4e89\u4e4b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff1b\u4e2d\u7b49\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u7834\u4ea7\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u57ce\u5e02\u5c0f\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u53ca\u519c\u6c11\u7684\u7834\u4ea7\uff1b\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u8d22\u5bcc\u65e5\u76ca\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u4eba\u6570\u65e5\u5c11\u7684\u8d22\u4e3b\u624b\u4e0a\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u6570\u91cf\u4e0a\u7684\u589e\u957f\uff1b\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e4b\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5236\u5ea6\u9884\u5907\u4e86\u7269\u8d28\u53ca\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff08\u56db\uff09\u5ba3\u8a00\u4e2d\u6709\u5173\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u503e\u5411\u603b\u662f\u964d\u4f4e\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u6c34\u5e73\u3001\u751a\u800c\u5c06\u4ed6\u4eec\u53d8\u6210\u8d64\u8d2b\u8005\u7684\u8bba\u8ff0\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u53d7\u5230\u6392\u5c71\u5012\u6d77\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u6559\u58eb\u3001\u6559\u6388\u3001\u90e8\u957f\u3001\u8bb0\u8005\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u5bb6\u3001\u5de5\u4f1a\u9886\u8896\uff0c\u65e0\u4e00\u4e0d\u4e0a\u524d\u53cd\u5bf9\u6240\u8c13\u300c\u8d2b\u56f0\u5316\u7406\u8bba\u300d\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u61c8\u5730\u5728\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u91cc\u9762\u53d1\u6398\u51fa\u79cd\u79cd\u589e\u957f\u4e2d\u7684\u7e41\u8363\uff0c\u628a\u5de5\u4eba\u8d35\u65cf\u5f53\u4f5c\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u6765\u62db\u6447\u649e\u9a97\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u628a\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e00\u65f6\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\u5f53\u4f5c\u6301\u4e45\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u5373\u7f8e\u56fd\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u5176\u53d1\u5c55\u4e5f\u628a\u767e\u4e07\u8ba1\u5de5\u4eba\u53d8\u6210\u8d64\u8d2b\u8005\uff0c\u9760\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u6216\u5f53\u5730\u5e02\u5e9c\u6216\u79c1\u4eba\u6148\u5584\u56e2\u4f53\u7684\u6551\u6d4e\u800c\u751f\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff08\u4e94\uff09\u300a\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u628a\u5de5\u5546\u4e1a\u5371\u673a\u63cf\u5199\u4e3a\u5c42\u51fa\u4e0d\u7a77\u3001\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u707e\u96be\u3002\u4fee\u6b63\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u53cd\u5bf9\u8fd9\u79cd\u89c1\u89e3\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u65ad\u8a00\u6258\u8fa3\u65af<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/marxist.org-chinese-trotsky-1937a.htm#_ftn02\" name=\"_ftnref02\">[2]<\/a> \u5728\u56fd\u5185\u548c\u56fd\u9645\u4e0a\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4f1a\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5e02\u573a\u53d7\u5230\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u9010\u6e10\u5e9f\u9664\u5371\u673a\u3002\u5728\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\u548c\u672c\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\uff0c\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u786e\u5b9e\u597d\u6bd4\u75be\u98ce\u9aa4\u96e8\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u5371\u673a\u770b\u4f3c\u5076\u7136\u7684\u505c\u987f\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e00\u53bb\u4e0d\u8fd4\u3002\u6700\u540e\u5206\u6790\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\uff0c\u771f\u7406\u4e5f\u662f\u5728\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u90a3\u4e00\u8fb9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff08\u516d\uff09\u300c\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u884c\u653f\u90e8\u95e8\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u7ba1\u7406\u6574\u4e2a\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u5171\u540c\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7f62\u4e86\u3002\u300d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u88ab\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u9886\u8896\u89c6\u4e3a\u65b0\u95fb\u8bb0\u8005\u5f0f\u7684\u8c2c\u8bba\u7684\u7b80\u660e\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u8574\u542b\u4e86\u6709\u5173\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u6240\u4e00\u624b\u5236\u4f5c\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u5236\uff0c\u5e76\u975e\u5982\u4f2f\u6069\u65af\u5766\u53ca\u8003\u8328\u57fa<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/marxist.org-chinese-trotsky-1937a.htm#_ftn03\" name=\"_ftnref03\">[3]<\/a> \u6240\u4ee5\u4e3a\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u888b\u5b50\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5bb9\u5730\u586b\u5145\u4ee5\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u79cd\u9636\u7ea7\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u6c11\u4e3b\u53ea\u80fd\u4e3a\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u52a1\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u300c\u4eba\u6c11\u9635\u7ebf\u300d\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u4e0d\u8bba\u662f\u7531\u52c3\u4f26\u8fd8\u662f\u8427\u5f53\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8bba\u662f\u7531\u5361\u5df4\u5217\u7f57\u8fd8\u662f\u7531\u5185\u683c\u6797\u7b49\u9886\u5bfc<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/marxist.org-chinese-trotsky-1937a.htm#_ftn04\" name=\"_ftnref04\">[4]<\/a> \uff0c\u90fd\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u300c\u7ba1\u7406\u6574\u4e2a\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u5171\u540c\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7f62\u4e86\u300d\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u8fd9\u4e2a\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0d\u5584\uff0c\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u5c31\u4f1a\u628a\u5b83\u4e00\u811a\u8e22\u5f00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff08\u4e03\uff09\u300c\u4e00\u5207\u9636\u7ea7\u6597\u4e89\u90fd\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u6597\u4e89\u3002\u300d\u300c\u65e0\u4ea7\u8005\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6210\u4e3a\u9636\u7ea7\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u3014\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u3015\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6210\u4e3a\u653f\u515a\u3002\u300d\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u5de5\u8054\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u53e6\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u65e0\u653b\u5e9c\u5de5\u56e2\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u90fd\u957f\u671f\u95f4\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5386\u53f2\u89c4\u5f8b\uff0c\u5230\u73b0\u5728\u8fd8\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u300c\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u300d\u5de5\u8054\u4e3b\u4e49\u5728\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u907f\u96be\u6240\uff08\u7f8e\u56fd\uff09\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u6bc1\u706d\u6027\u7684\u6253\u51fb<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/marxist.org-chinese-trotsky-1937a.htm#_ftn05\" name=\"_ftnref05\">[5]<\/a> \uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u653f\u5e9c\u5de5\u56e2\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u5219\u5728\u5176\u6700\u540e\u636e\u70b9\u2014\u2014\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u2014\u2014\u906d\u5230\u65e0\u53ef\u6062\u590d\u7684\u5931\u8d25\u3002\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u4e5f\u8bc1\u660e\u300a\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u4e4b\u6b63\u786e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff08\u516b\uff09\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u6240\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6846\u67b6\u5185\u593a\u53d6\u653f\u6743\u3002\u300c\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u516c\u5f00\u5ba3\u5e03\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4ee5\u6b66\u529b\u63a8\u7ffb\u4e00\u5207\u73b0\u5b58\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u79e9\u5e8f\u624d\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u300d\u6539\u826f\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u4f01\u56fe\u62ff\u5f53\u65f6\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u6709\u6b20\u6210\u719f\u53ca\u6c11\u4e3b\u5236\u4e4b\u6b20\u7f3a\u53d1\u5c55\u89e3\u91ca\u5ba3\u8a00\u4e0a\u8ff0\u89c1\u89e3\u3002\u610f\u5927\u5229\u3001\u5fb7\u56fd\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u5927\u6279\u5176\u5b83\u300c\u6c11\u4e3b\u300d\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u547d\u8fd0\u2014\u2014\u6c11\u4e3b\u5236\u4e4b\u88ab\u4ee3\u4e4b\u4ee5\u7eb3\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u53ca\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u4e3b\u4e49\u2014\u2014\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\uff0c\u6b20\u7f3a\u6210\u719f\u6027\uff0c\u6b63\u6b63\u662f\u6539\u826f\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u6807\u8bb0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff08\u4e5d\uff09\u4e3a\u4e86\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u6539\u9020\uff0c\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u628a\u6743\u529b\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u624b\u91cc\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6743\u529b\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u8981\u8db3\u4ee5\u7838\u788e\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u653e\u5728\u901a\u5411\u65b0\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u8def\u4e0a\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u969c\u788d\u3002\u300c\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e3a\u7edf\u6cbb\u9636\u7ea7\u300d\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e13\u653f\u3002<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/marxist.org-chinese-trotsky-1937a.htm#_ftn06\" name=\"_ftnref06\">[6]<\/a> \u540c\u65f6\u5b83\u53c8\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u6c11\u4e3b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6c11\u4e3b\u5236\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u53ca\u6df1\u5ea6\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e8e\u5177\u4f53\u5386\u53f2\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u8d8a\u591a\u56fd\u5bb6\u91c7\u53d6\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u9769\u547d\u8def\u7ebf\uff0c\u4e13\u653f\u5c31\u4f1a\u91c7\u53d6\u66f4\u81ea\u7531\u53ca\u66f4\u6709\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5de5\u4eba\u6c11\u4e3b\u5c31\u4f1a\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u3001\u66f4\u6df1\u523b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff08\u5341\uff09\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u6027\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u9884\u5148\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u9769\u547d\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u6027\u3002\u300c\u8054\u5408\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u662f\u5404\u6587\u660e\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u8054\u5408\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u662f\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u89e3\u653e\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u9996\u8981\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u300d\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u5176\u540e\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u661f\u7403\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90e8\u4efd\uff0c\u4e0d\u8bba\u662f\u300c\u6587\u660e\u7684\u300d\u6216\u662f\u300c\u91ce\u86ee\u7684\u300d\uff0c\u90fd\u7f1c\u5bc6\u5730\u4ea4\u7ec7\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u9769\u547d\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5168\u9762\u5730\u4e0e\u65ad\u7136\u5730\u5177\u6709\u4e86\u4e16\u754c\u6027\u3002\u82cf\u8054\u5b98\u50da\u4f01\u56fe\u628a\u5ba3\u8a00\u4e2d\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8bba\u8ff0\u4e00\u7b14\u52fe\u9500\u3002\u82cf\u8054\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6ce2\u62ff\u5df4\u7279\u4e3b\u4e49<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/marxist.org-chinese-trotsky-1937a.htm#_ftn07\" name=\"_ftnref07\">[7]<\/a> \u7684\u5815\u843d\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8bba\u7684\u8c2c\u8bef\u7684\u6700\u6709\u529b\u4e4b\u5199\u7167\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff08\u5341\u4e00\uff09\u300c\u5728\u53d1\u5c55\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f53\u9636\u7ea7\u5dee\u522b\u5df2\u7ecf\u6d88\u5931\uff0c\u800c\u5168\u90e8\u751f\u4ea7\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u8054\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u624b\u91cc\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u516c\u4f17\u7684\u6743\u529b\u5c31\u5931\u53bb\u653f\u6cbb\u6027\u8d28\u3002\u300d\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u6d88\u4ea1\u3002\u793e\u4f1a\u72b9\u5b58\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u4ece\u62d8\u675f\u8863\u4e2d\u89e3\u653e\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u522b\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u53cd\u4e4b\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u5f3a\u5236\u7684\u53ef\u6015\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u8fdc\u79bb\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u65e0\u53ef\u8fa9\u9a73\u7684\u5370\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff08\u5341\u4e8c\uff09\u300c\u5de5\u4eba\u65e0\u7956\u56fd\u3002\u300d\u5ba3\u8a00\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u4e0d\u53ea\u4e00\u6b21\u88ab\u5eb8\u4eba\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u7eaf\u4e3a\u9f13\u52a8\u800c\u4f5c\u7684\u5999\u8bed\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u4e3a\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u5728\u8d44\u672c\u5bb6\u7684\u300c\u7956\u56fd\u300d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u552f\u4e00\u60f3\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u65b9\u9488\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u56fd\u9645<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/marxist.org-chinese-trotsky-1937a.htm#_ftn08\" name=\"_ftnref08\">[8]<\/a> \u4e4b\u8fdd\u53cd\u4e0a\u8ff0\u65b9\u9488\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4e3a\u6b27\u6d32\u5e26\u6765\u56db\u5e74\u7684\u7834\u574f\uff08\u8bd1\u6309\uff1a\u6307\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5927\u6218\uff09\uff0c\u66f4\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u6587\u5316\u5e26\u6765\u773c\u524d\u7684\u505c\u6ede\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u65b0\u7684\u5927\u6218\u884c\u5c06\u964d\u4e34\uff08\u7b2c\u4e09\u56fd\u9645\u4e4b\u53db\u5356\u4e3a\u5927\u6218\u94fa\u5e73\u4e86\u9053\u8def\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u300c\u7956\u56fd\u300d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\uff0c\u5ba3\u8a00\u4ecd\u662f\u4e3a\u6700\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u987e\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">\u203b\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u203b\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u203b<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u4e24\u4f4d\u5e74\u9752\u4f5c\u8005\u5408\u5199\u7684\u8fd9\u672c\u76f8\u5f53\u7b80\u7565\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u4e3a\u89e3\u653e\u6597\u4e89\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u5927\u53ca\u6700\u8feb\u5207\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u65e0\u53ef\u4ee3\u66ff\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u3002\u6709\u54ea\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\u80fd\u591f\u4e0e\u300a\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u7a0d\u4f5c\u6bd4\u788d\uff1f\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u8bf4\uff0c\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u4e5d\u5341\u5e74\u957f\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u53ca\u5de8\u5927\u793e\u4f1a\u6597\u4e89\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5ba3\u8a00\u65e2\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6b63\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8865\u5145\u3002\u9769\u547d\u601d\u60f3\u4e0e\u5076\u8c61\u5d07\u62dc\u4e00\u65e0\u5171\u540c\u5904\u3002\u7eb2\u9886\u4e0e\u9884\u6d4b\u90fd\u5f97\u5728\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e4b\u5149\u7167\u4e0b\u52a0\u4ee5\u8003\u9a8c\u548c\u6539\u6b63\u3002\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6bd5\u7adf\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u7406\u6027\u81f3\u9ad8\u65e0\u4e0a\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5ba3\u8a00\u4ea6\u9700\u4fee\u6b63\u4e0e\u8865\u5145\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u5386\u53f2\u7ecf\u9a8c\u672c\u8eab\u6240\u8bc1\u660e\u7684\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u8981\u4fee\u6b63\u6216\u8865\u5145\u5f97\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u6309\u7167\u6784\u6210\u5ba3\u8a00\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u6210\u529f\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4e0b\u9762\u5c31\u51e0\u4e2a\u91cd\u5927\u65b9\u9762\u8c08\u8c08\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u6559\u5bfc\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u793e\u4f1a\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u5728\u672a\u8017\u5c3d\u5176\u521b\u9020\u6027\u6f5c\u80fd\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u79bb\u5f00\u5386\u53f2\u821e\u53f0\u7684\u3002\u5ba3\u8a00\u75db\u8d23\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u59a8\u788d\u4e86\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u8fd8\u662f\u540e\u6765\u7684\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u59a8\u788d\u5728\u6027\u8d28\u4e0a\u90fd\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u7684\u3002\u5982\u80fd\u5728\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0b\u534a\u53f6\u6309\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u521d\u6b65\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ecf\u6d4e\uff0c\u5176\u589e\u957f\u6b65\u8c03\u81ea\u5f53\u65e0\u6bd4\u5730\u5feb\u4e9b\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u65e0\u53ef\u6279\u9a73\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u4e0d\u80fd\u5426\u5b9a\u5982\u4e0b\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u5373\uff08\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0b\u7684\uff09\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u8fd8\u662f\u6301\u7eed\u5730\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u6269\u5f20\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u6b62\u3002\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u5eff\u5e74\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u6280\u672f\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u6700\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u5f7b\u5e95\u505c\u6ede\u751a\u81f3\u8870\u843d\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\u624d\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u4eba\u7c7b\u5df2\u5f00\u59cb\u8017\u5c3d\u5176\u79ef\u7d2f\u8d44\u672c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0b\u4e00\u573a\u5927\u6218\u5927\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u591a\u5e74\u5185\u6bc1\u574f\u6587\u660e\u7684\u6839\u57fa\u3002\u5ba3\u8a00\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5728\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u4ece\u4e00\u79cd\u76f8\u5bf9\u53cd\u52a8\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u53d8\u6210\u7edd\u5bf9\u53cd\u52a8\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u4e4b\u524d\u8bb8\u591a\u5e74\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u5df2\u88ab\u5e9f\u9664\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u8f6c\u53d8\u5374\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u4e00\u4ee3\u773c\u524d\u624d\u7ec8\u5177\u5f62\u6001\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u628a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\u53d8\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5145\u6ee1\u6218\u4e89\u3001\u9769\u547d\u4e0e\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u5173\u4e8e\u5386\u53f2\u65e5\u671f\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4f30\u8ba1\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u6e90\u4e8e\u4f4e\u4f30\u4e86\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u6240\u9690\u542b\u7684\u672a\u6765\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u6e90\u4e8e\u9ad8\u4f30\u4e86\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u9769\u547d\u6210\u719f\u6027\u30021848\u5e74\u7684\u9769\u547d\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5982\u5ba3\u8a00\u6240\u9884\u8ba1\u7684\u90a3\u6837\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e3a\u5fb7\u56fd\u4e4b\u53ef\u80fd\u8d70\u4e0a\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4e0a\u5347\u671f\u6253\u5f00\u4e86\u5e7f\u9614\u524d\u9014\u3002\u5df4\u9ece\u516c\u793e<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/marxist.org-chinese-trotsky-1937a.htm#_ftn09\" name=\"_ftnref09\">[9]<\/a> \u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\uff0c\u82e5\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5386\u70bc\u7684\u9769\u547d\u515a\u9886\u5bfc\uff0c\u52bf\u96be\u4ece\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u593a\u5f97\u6743\u529b\u3002\u968f\u4e4b\u800c\u6765\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u7e41\u8363\uff0c\u6240\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5e76\u975e\u662f\u6559\u80b2\u4e86\u9769\u547d\u5148\u950b\u961f\uff0c\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5012\u662f\u5de5\u4eba\u8d35\u65cf\u7684\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u5316\u7684\u5815\u843d\u3002\u81ea\u7136\uff0c\u5ba3\u8a00\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u9884\u89c1\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u79cd\u300c\u8fa9\u8bc1\u6cd5\u300d\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u5bf9\u5ba3\u8a00\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u7ade\u4e89\u7684\u738b\u56fd\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5ba3\u8a00\u6307\u51fa\u8fc7\u8d44\u672c\u4e4b\u4e0d\u65ad\u96c6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u6ca1\u6709\u4ece\u4e2d\u62bd\u53d6\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u5784\u65ad\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002\u5784\u65ad\u8d44\u672c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u3002\u540e\u6765\u5728\u300a\u8d44\u672c\u8bba\u300b\u91cc\uff0c\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u624d\u660e\u786e\u6307\u51fa\u81ea\u7531\u7ade\u4e89\u603b\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u53d8\u6210\u5784\u65ad\u3002\u8981\u5230\u5217\u5b81\u7684\u300a\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u662f\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u6700\u9ad8\u9636\u6bb5\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\uff0c\u624d\u5bf9\u5784\u65ad\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7ed9\u4e88\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff08\u56db\uff09\u5ba3\u8a00\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u6839\u636e\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u300c\u5de5\u4e1a\u9769\u547d\u300d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u628a\u4e2d\u95f4\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u6d88\u706d\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5373\u624b\u5de5\u4e1a\u8005\u3001\u5c0f\u5546\u4eba\u53ca\u519c\u6c11\u7684\u5168\u76d8\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u5316\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u63cf\u7ed8\u5f97\u592a\u7247\u9762\u4e86\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u7ade\u4e89\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u529b\u91cf\u8fd8\u8fdc\u6ca1\u6709\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u4e2a\u540c\u65f6\u517c\u5177\u8fdb\u6b65\u6027\u4e0e\u91ce\u86ee\u6027\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u4ee4\u5c0f\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u7834\u4ea7\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u8fdc\u9ad8\u4e8e\u5176\u4ee4\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u5316\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u518d\u8005\uff0c\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u56fd\u5bb6\u4ea6\u4e45\u77e3\u81ea\u89c9\u91c7\u53d6\u4e00\u79cd\u4eba\u5de5\u5730\u7ef4\u6301\u5c0f\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u5934\uff0c\u662f\u6280\u672f\u589e\u957f\u53ca\u5927\u5de5\u4e1a\u7684\u5408\u7406\u5316\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u5931\u4e1a\u75fc\u75be\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u59a8\u788d\u4e86\u5c0f\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u5316\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u53d1\u5c55\u5927\u5927\u52a0\u901f\u4e86\u6280\u672f\u4eba\u5458\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u4eba\u5458\u3001\u5546\u4e1a\u96c7\u5458\u7b49\u5c42\u4efd\u4e4b\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u7b80\u8a00\u4e4b\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u65b0\u4e2d\u95f4\u9636\u7ea7\u300d\u7684\u589e\u957f\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5ba3\u8a00\u6240\u65ad\u8a00\u5728\u6d88\u5931\u4e2d\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u9636\u7ea7\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u50cf\u5fb7\u56fd\u90a3\u6837\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u5360\u4eba\u53e3\u5927\u7ea6\u4e00\u534a\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u7ef4\u6301\u90a3\u8fc7\u65f6\u7684\u5c0f\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\uff0c\u51b3\u4e0d\u80fd\u7f13\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u8eab\u4e0a\u6ce8\u5165\u4e86\u7279\u522b\u6076\u6bd2\u7684\u6bd2\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u5931\u4e1a\u5e38\u5907\u519b\u4e00\u8d77\u6784\u6210\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8150\u70c2\u7684\u6700\u6b79\u6bd2\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff08\u4e94\uff09\u5ba3\u8a00\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u672b\u5217\u4e3e\u4e86\u5341\u6761\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u9769\u547d\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u5373\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u76f4\u63a5\u8fc7\u6e21\u5230\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u65f6\u671f\u800c\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u53ca\u6069\u683c\u65af\u57281872\u5e74\u7684\u5e8f\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u5ba3\u5e03\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8981\u6c42\u5df2\u7ecf\u90e8\u4efd\u8fc7\u65f6\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u65e0\u8bba\u5982\u4f55\u4e5f\u53ea\u662f\u6b21\u8981\u7684\u3002\u6539\u826f\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u6293\u4f4f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bc4\u8bed\uff0c\u5c06\u4e4b\u6f14\u8bd1\u4e3a\uff1a\u8fc7\u6e21\u6027\u7684\u9769\u547d\u8981\u6c42\u5df2\u7ecf\u4ece\u6b64\u6c38\u8fdc\u8ba9\u4f4d\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u7684\u300c\u6700\u4f4e\u7eb2\u9886\u300d\u3002\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u300c\u6700\u4f4e\u7eb2\u9886\u300d\u5c31\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u903e\u8d8a\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u754c\u9650\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5ba3\u8a00\u4f5c\u8005\u5f88\u786e\u5207\u5730\u6307\u51fa\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u5176\u8fc7\u6e21\u7eb2\u9886\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4fee\u6b63\u610f\u89c1\u662f\uff1a\u300c\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u4e0d\u80fd\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u638c\u63e1\u73b0\u6210\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u673a\u5668\u5e76\u8fd0\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u8fbe\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u300d\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4fee\u8ba2\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u62dc\u7269\u6559\u7684\u3002\u540e\u6765\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u5c31\u662f\u62ff\u516c\u793e\u5f0f\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u6765\u6297\u8861\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u56fd\u5bb6\u7c7b\u578b\u540e\u6765\u4fbf\u4ee5\u751f\u52a8\u5f62\u5f0f\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/marxist.org-chinese-trotsky-1937a.htm#_ftn010\" name=\"_ftnref010\">[10]<\/a> \u5f53\u4e2d\u3002\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5305\u62ec\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u53ca\u5de5\u4eba\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u4e3b\u5f20\u5728\u5185\u7684\u7eb2\u9886\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u9769\u547d\u7eb2\u9886\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u5176\u5b83\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5373\u5ba3\u8a00\u7684\u5341\u70b9\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5728\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u56fd\u4f1a\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\u66fe\u7ecf\u770b\u4f3c\u8fc7\u65f6\uff0c\u4eca\u5929\u5df2\u5b8c\u5168\u91cd\u65b0\u663e\u51fa\u771f\u6b63\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u7684\u300c\u6700\u4f4e\u7eb2\u9886\u300d\uff0c\u624d\u53d8\u5f97\u4e0d\u53ef\u6551\u836f\u5730\u8fc7\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff08\u516d\uff09\u5ba3\u8a00\u9884\u671f\u300c\u5fb7\u56fd\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u5c06\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u63a5\u8e35\u800c\u81f3\u7684\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u9769\u547d\u7684\u524d\u594f\u300d\u3002\u5b83\u6307\u51fa\u5f53\u65f6\u6b27\u6d32\u6587\u660e\u7684\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u6bd4\u8bf8\u5341\u4e03\u4e16\u7eaa\u82f1\u56fd\u4e0e\u5341\u516b\u4e16\u7eaa\u6cd5\u56fd\u7684\u72b6\u51b5\u8fdc\u4e3a\u5148\u8fdb\uff0c\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u4e5f\u66f4\u53d1\u5c55\u5f97\u591a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9884\u6d4b\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9519\u5728\u65e5\u5b50\u30021848\u5e74\u9769\u547d\u5728\u51e0\u4e2a\u6708\u5185\u5c31\u663e\u793a\u51fa\uff1a\u6070\u6070\u56e0\u4e3a\u72b6\u51b5\u66f4\u4e3a\u5148\u8fdb\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u80fd\u591f\u5c06\u9769\u547d\u8fdb\u884c\u5230\u5e95\u3002\u5927\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u4e0e\u4e2d\u7b49\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u540c\u5730\u4e3b\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u592a\u5bc6\u5207\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u53c8\u56e0\u4e3a\u5bf9\u7fa4\u4f17\u7684\u6050\u60e7\u800c\u53d7\u5230\u63a3\u8098\u3002\u5c0f\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u8fc7\u4e8e\u5206\u6563\uff0c\u800c\u5b83\u7684\u4e0a\u5c42\u9886\u5bfc\u8fc7\u4e8e\u4f9d\u8d56\u5927\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u540e\u6765\u6b27\u6d32\u53ca\u4e9a\u6d32\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u53d1\u5c55\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6240\u8bc1\u5b9e\uff1a\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u82e5\u4efb\u5176\u81ea\u884c\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u800c\u8a00\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u3002\u628a\u5c01\u5efa\u6e23\u6ed3\u4ece\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u626b\u6e05\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u624d\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u60f3\u8c61\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u6446\u8131\u4e86\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u653f\u515a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5bf9\u519c\u6c11\u8d77\u5e26\u5934\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9769\u547d\u4e13\u653f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u9769\u547d\u9042\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u9769\u547d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u4ea4\u7ec7\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u6eb6\u5165\u540e\u8005\u3002\u4e00\u56fd\u7684\u9769\u547d\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u9769\u547d\u4e4b\u4e00\u73af\u3002\u7ecf\u6d4e\u57fa\u7840\u53ca\u6240\u6709\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u6539\u53d8\u9042\u5177\u6709\u4e86\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u3001\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e9a\u6d32\u3001\u62c9\u7f8e\u3001\u975e\u6d32\u7b49\u843d\u540e\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u9769\u547d\u515a\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u6e05\u695a\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u6c11\u4e3b\u9769\u547d\u4e0e\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u4e13\u653f\u7684\u6709\u673a\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u4e0e\u56fd\u9645\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u9769\u547d\u7684\u6709\u673a\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u5b9e\u5728\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u4e4e\u751f\u6b7b\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff08\u4e03\uff09\u5ba3\u8a00\u867d\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u5982\u4f55\u628a\u843d\u540e\u4e0e\u91ce\u86ee\u56fd\u5bb6\u5377\u5165\u5176\u65cb\u6da1\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u5b83\u5e76\u65e0\u8c08\u5230\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u4e0e\u534a\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u56fd\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u6597\u4e89\u3002\u65e2\u7136\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u548c\u6069\u683c\u65af\u8ba4\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u300c\u81f3\u5c11\u662f\u9886\u5148\u7684\u6587\u660e\u56fd\u5bb6\u300d\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u9769\u547d\u53ea\u662f\u672a\u6765\u51e0\u5e74\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u770b\u6765\u5c06\u81ea\u52a8\u83b7\u5f97\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c\u5e76\u975e\u7531\u4e8e\u88ab\u538b\u8feb\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u80dc\u5229\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5ba3\u8a00\u4e0d\u66fe\u6d89\u53ca\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u4e0e\u534a\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u7684\u9769\u547d\u6218\u7565\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u9700\u8981\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e0d\u8bc1\u81ea\u660e\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u300c\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u7956\u56fd\u300d\u5df2\u53d8\u6210\u53d1\u8fbe\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6700\u6709\u5bb3\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5236\u52a8\u5668\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u90a3\u88ab\u8feb\u4e3a\u72ec\u7acb\u751f\u5b58\u800c\u6597\u4e89\u7684\u843d\u540e\u56fd\u5bb6\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5b83\u8fd8\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5bf9\u8fdb\u6b65\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u3002<br \/>\n\u5ba3\u8a00\u5ba3\u5e03\uff1a\u300c\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4eba\u5230\u5904\u90fd\u652f\u6301\u4e00\u5207\u53cd\u5bf9\u73b0\u5b58\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u9769\u547d\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u300d\u6709\u8272\u4eba\u79cd\u53cd\u5bf9\u5176\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u538b\u8feb\u8005\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u662f\u53cd\u5bf9\u73b0\u5b58\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u53ca\u6700\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u767d\u4eba\u4e2d\u7684\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u5168\u9762\u7684\u3001\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u53ca\u65e0\u9650\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u4e3a\u88ab\u538b\u8feb\u6c11\u65cf\u7814\u5236\u51fa\u4e00\u5957\u9769\u547d\u6218\u7565\uff0c\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u529f\u52b3\u9996\u5148\u5f52\u4e8e\u5217\u5b81\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff08\u516b\uff09\u5ba3\u8a00\u91cc\u6700\u4e3a\u8fc7\u65f6\u7684\u90e8\u4efd\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u5c31\u5176\u65b9\u6cd5\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5c31\u5176\u6750\u6599\u800c\u8a00\u2014\u2014\u4e43\u662f\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u4e2d\u5bf9\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u7684\u300c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u300d\u6587\u732e\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\u4e2d\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4eba\u5bf9\u5404\u79cd\u53cd\u5bf9\u515a\u6d3e\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u3002\u5ba3\u8a00\u4e2d\u6240\u5217\u4e3e\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e0e\u515a\u6d3e\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u7ed91848\u5e74\u7684\u9769\u547d\u5c31\u662f\u7ed9\u63a5\u8e35\u800c\u6765\u7684\u53cd\u9769\u547d\u6240\u4e00\u626b\u800c\u5149\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u73b0\u5728\u4eba\u4eec\u8981\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u8f9e\u5178\u4e2d\u624d\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u300a\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u8fd9\u90e8\u4efd\u6216\u8bb8\u662f\u73b0\u5728\u540c\u6211\u4eec\u6bd4\u540c\u4e0a\u4e00\u4ee3\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u3002\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u56fd\u9645\u7684\u5174\u76db\u671f\uff0c\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u652f\u914d\u5730\u4f4d\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u52a8\u6447\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u4eba\u5bb6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u524d\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u60f3\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u53ef\u633d\u56de\u5730\u9000\u9690\u4e8e\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e2d\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u3002\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u53ca\u5171\u4ea7\u56fd\u9645\u4e4b\u74e6\u89e3\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u90fd\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u53ef\u6015\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5815\u843d\u3002\u8001\u673d\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u597d\u50cf\u8fd4\u8001\u8fd8\u7ae5\u4e86\u3002\u8870\u843d\u65f6\u4ee3\u4e4b\u5148\u77e5\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u8981\u5bfb\u627e\u4e07\u5e94\u7075\u4e39\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u4e45\u5df2\u88ab\u79d1\u5b66\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u6240\u57cb\u846c\u7684\u6559\u6761\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8c08\u5230\u53cd\u5bf9\u515a\u6d3e\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u8fc7\u53bb\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u6700\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u90a3\u4e9b\u65e7\u515a\u6d3e\u65e9\u5df2\u88ab\u65b0\u515a\u6d3e\u6392\u6324\u6389\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u65f6\u4ee3\u515a\u6d3e\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u4ee5\u53ca\u515a\u6d3e\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e92\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u90fd\u5927\u5927\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u300a\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u5fc5\u987b\u91c7\u53d6\u5982\u4e0b\u7684\u8865\u5145\uff1a\u5171\u4ea7\u56fd\u9645\u6700\u521d\u56db\u6b21\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u4f1a\u7684\u6863\uff0c\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6587\u732e\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7b2c\u56db\u56fd\u9645<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/marxist.org-chinese-trotsky-1937a.htm#_ftn011\" name=\"_ftnref011\">[11]<\/a> \u5386\u6b21\u4ee3\u8868\u4f1a\u8bae\u7684\u51b3\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bb2\u8fc7\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u5b66\u8bf4\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u793e\u4f1a\u5236\u5ea6\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u8017\u5c3d\u5176\u6f5c\u80fd\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6d88\u5931\u7684\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fc7\u65f6\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e0d\u52a0\u62b5\u6297\u5c31\u8ba9\u4f4d\u4e8e\u65b0\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u793e\u4f1a\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u53d8\u9769\uff0c\u672c\u8eab\u9884\u5148\u5047\u5b9a\u4e86\u5c06\u53d1\u751f\u6700\u5389\u5bb3\u7684\u9636\u7ea7\u6597\u4e89\uff0c\u5373\u9769\u547d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6b64\u4e00\u6216\u5f7c\u4e00\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u8bc1\u660e\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ee5\u5927\u65e0\u754f\u7684\u4e00\u51fb\u6765\u63a8\u7ffb\u90a3\u8fc7\u65f6\u7684\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u79e9\u5e8f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u91d1\u878d\u8d44\u672c\u5728\u5176\u529b\u56fe\u7ef4\u6301\u5176\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u7684\u6597\u4e89\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u4f1a\u4f7f\u5c0f\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u7834\u4ea7\u53ca\u9677\u4e8e\u8ff7\u60d8\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u53d8\u6210\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6740\u622e\u961f\u3002\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u5815\u843d\uff0c\u4e0e\u5c0f\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u4e3b\u4e49\u5815\u843d\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u56e0\u679c\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u56fd\u9645\u5728\u4e00\u5207\u56fd\u5bb6\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u6b3a\u9a97\u7fa4\u4f17\u53ca\u4f7f\u5176\u4e27\u5931\u6597\u5fd7\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u6bd4\u8bf8\u7b2c\u4e8c\u56fd\u9645\u66f4\u4e3a\u8086\u65e0\u5fcc\u60ee\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5c60\u6740\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u5148\u950b\u961f\uff0c\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u90a3\u4e9b\u653e\u7eb5\u7684\u96c7\u4f63\u519b\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4e3a\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u94fa\u5e73\u9053\u8def\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5206\u62c5\u4e86\u5b83\u7684\u4e0d\u5c11\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u56fd\u9645\u9769\u547d\u7684\u65f7\u65e5\u6301\u4e45\u7684\u5371\u673a\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u6b63\u5728\u65e5\u76ca\u53d8\u6210\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u6587\u5316\u7684\u5371\u673a\u2014\u2014\u5f52\u6839\u7a76\u62b5\u8fd8\u662f\u9769\u547d\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u5371\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u90a3\u4e2a\u4f1f\u5927\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u7ee7\u627f\u8005\u2014\u2014\u800c\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5ba3\u8a00\u5219\u6784\u6210\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f20\u7edf\u4e2d\u6700\u5b9d\u8d35\u7684\u73af\u8282\u2014\u2014\u7b2c\u56db\u56fd\u9645\u6b63\u4e3a\u90a3\u65e7\u4efb\u52a1\u4e4b\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u800c\u6559\u80b2\u7740\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u5e72\u90e8\u3002\u7406\u8bba\u5c31\u662f\u6982\u62ec\u4e86\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u3002\u5bf9\u9769\u547d\u7406\u8bba\u91c7\u53d6\u8bda\u5b9e\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u5bf9\u6539\u9020\u793e\u4f1a\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u6fc0\u60c5\u8ffd\u6c42\u3002\u5728\u9ed1\u6697\u5927\u9646\u7684\u5357\u7aef\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u628a\u300a\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u8bd1\u6210\u5357\u975e\u8bed\u6587\u7684\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5171\u540c\u601d\u60f3\u8005\uff0c\u8fd9\u518d\u4e00\u6b21\u9c9c\u660e\u5730\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u60f3\u4eca\u5929\u53ea\u751f\u5b58\u5728\u7b2c\u56db\u56fd\u9645\u65d7\u4e0b\u3002\u672a\u6765\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5b83\u7684\u3002\u5230\u4e86\u5e86\u795d\u300a\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u4e00\u767e\u5468\u5e74\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u7b2c\u56db\u56fd\u9645\u5c06\u6210\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u661f\u7403\u4e0a\u51b3\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u9769\u547d\u529b\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<hr align=\"left\" size=\"1\" width=\"60%\" \/>\n<p><b>\u6ce8\u3000\u91ca<\/b><\/p>\n<p><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/marxist.org-chinese-trotsky-1937a.htm#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> \u5171\u4ea7\u56fd\u9645\uff1a\u53c8\u540d\u7b2c\u4e09\u56fd\u9645\uff0c1919\u5e74\u7531\u4fc4\u5171\u53ca\u5176\u5b83\u5404\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u5bb6\u53d1\u8d77\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u56fd\u9645\u5815\u843d\u540e\u7ee7\u7eed\u8d1f\u8d77\u4e16\u754c\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u9769\u547d\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u30021943\u5e74\u65af\u5927\u6797\u4e3a\u8ba8\u597d\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u76df\u53cb\u800c\u5c06\u90a3\u4e2a\u65e9\u5df2\u968f\u82cf\u8054\u5815\u843d\u800c\u5815\u843d\u7684\u5171\u4ea7\u56fd\u9645\u89e3\u6563\u3002\u5404\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u672c\u6765\u90fd\u662f\u5171\u4ea7\u56fd\u9645\u7684\u652f\u90e8\u3002\u4eba\u6c11\u9635\u7ebf\u662f\u5171\u4ea7\u56fd\u9645\u57281935\u5e74\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u8981\u5404\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\uff0c\u8fde\u540c\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u4e00\u8d77\u4e0e\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u653f\u515a\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u653f\u7eb2\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8054\u5408\u653f\u5e9c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/marxist.org-chinese-trotsky-1937a.htm#_ftnref02\" name=\"_ftn02\">[2]<\/a> \u6258\u8fa3\u65af\uff1a\u662f\u82f1\u6587trust\u7684\u97f3\u8bd1\u3002\u5784\u65ad\u8d44\u672c\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u7531\u82e5\u5e72\u4e2a\u751f\u4ea7\u540c\u7c7b\u5546\u54c1\u7684\u5927\u4f01\u4e1a\u8054\u5408\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u5784\u65ad\u9500\u552e\u5e02\u573a\u3001\u539f\u6599\u4f9b\u5e94\u53ca\u6295\u8d44\u8303\u56f4\u4ee5\u4fbf\u53d6\u5f97\u5784\u65ad\u5229\u6da6\u3002<br \/>\n<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/marxist.org-chinese-trotsky-1937a.htm#_ftnref03\" name=\"_ftn03\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/marxist.org-chinese-trotsky-1937a.htm#_ftnref03\" name=\"_ftn03\">[3]<\/a> \u4f2f\u6069\u65af\u5766\uff081850-1932\uff09\u2014\u2014\u5fb7\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u7684\u6539\u826f\u4e3b\u4e49\u6d3e\u7684\u9886\u8896\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4f7f\u9636\u7ea7\u77db\u76fe\u9010\u6e10\u7f13\u548c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u987b\u8981\u4fee\u6b63\uff1a\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e4b\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0d\u518d\u6709\u8d56\u4e8e\u5de5\u4eba\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6709\u8d56\u4e8e\u501f\u7740\u8bae\u4f1a\u6d3b\u52a8\u6765\u8fbe\u81f4\u7684\u6539\u826f\u3002\u8003\u8328\u57fa\uff081854-1938\uff09\u3002\u76f4\u81f3\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u65f6\u4ecd\u662f\u5fb7\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u4e2d\u7a81\u51fa\u7684\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7406\u8bba\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e2d\u6d3e\u9886\u8896\u3002\u5927\u6218\u7206\u53d1\u540e\u4ed6\u629b\u5f03\u4e86\u56fd\u9645\u4e3b\u4e49\u7acb\u573a\u5e76\u4e14\u53cd\u5bf9\u4fc4\u56fd\u5341\u6708\u9769\u547d\u3002<br \/>\n\u8003\u8328\u57fa\uff081854-1938\uff09\u3002\u76f4\u81f3\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u65f6\u4ecd\u662f\u5fb7\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u4e2d\u7a81\u51fa\u7684\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7406\u8bba\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e2d\u6d3e\u9886\u8896\u3002\u5927\u6218\u7206\u53d1\u540e\u4ed6\u629b\u5f03\u4e86\u56fd\u9645\u4e3b\u4e49\u7acb\u573a\u5e76\u4e14\u53cd\u5bf9\u4fc4\u56fd\u5341\u6708\u9769\u547d\u3002<br \/>\n<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/marxist.org-chinese-trotsky-1937a.htm#_ftnref04\" name=\"_ftn04\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/marxist.org-chinese-trotsky-1937a.htm#_ftnref04\" name=\"_ftn04\">[4]<\/a> Leon Blum\uff081872-1950\uff09\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u515a\u5345\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u9886\u8896\uff0c1936\u5e74\u6210\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c4a\u4eba\u6c11\u9635\u7ebf\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u603b\u7406\u3002<br \/>\nCamille Chautemps\uff081885-1963\uff09\u6cd5\u56fd\u6fc0\u8fdb\u793e\u4f1a\u515a\u4eba\uff0c1930\u53ca1933-1934\u5e74\u51fa\u4efb\u603b\u7406\uff0c\u56e0\u8d22\u653f\u4e11\u95fb\u4e0b\u53f0\u3002<br \/>\nLargo Caballero\uff081869-1946\uff09\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u793e\u4f1a\u515a\u5de6\u7ffc\u7684\u9886\u8896\uff0c1936\u5e749\u6708\u81f31937\u5e745\u6708\u51fa\u4efb\u603b\u7406\u3002<br \/>\nJuan Negvin Lopez\uff081889-1956\uff09\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4efb\u603b\u7406, \u5c5e\u793e\u4f1a\u515a\uff0c\u5185\u6218\u540e\u6d41\u4ea1\u6cd5\u56fd\u3002<br \/>\n<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/marxist.org-chinese-trotsky-1937a.htm#_ftnref05\" name=\"_ftn05\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/marxist.org-chinese-trotsky-1937a.htm#_ftnref05\" name=\"_ftn05\">[5]<\/a> \u7f8e\u56fd\u5de5\u4eba\u8fd0\u52a8\u4f20\u7edf\u4e0a\u4e00\u76f4\u907f\u514d\u8fc7\u95ee\u653f\u6cbb\u3002\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\uff0c\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5927\u8427\u6761\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4e0b\uff0c\u5de5\u4f1a\u8fd0\u52a8\u6709\u65b0\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u8bb8\u591a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u4ea7\u4e1a\u5de5\u4f1a\uff0c\u672c\u6765\u5927\u6709\u5e0c\u671b\u4fc3\u6210\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u5de5\u4f1a\u9886\u8896\u4eec\u8ff7\u4fe1\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u7f57\u65af\u798f\u603b\u7edf\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u7acb\u573a\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e3a\u300c\u65b0\u653f\u300d\u7684\u5b98\u5458\u90fd\u662f\u52b3\u5de5\u7684\u670b\u53cb\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u4f7f\u5de5\u4f1a\u8fd0\u52a8\u57281937\u5e74\u906d\u53d7\u6b8b\u9177\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u6253\u51fb\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u8457\u540d\u7684\u67095\u670830\u65e5\u5728\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u5bf9\u7f62\u5de5\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u3002<br \/>\n<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/marxist.org-chinese-trotsky-1937a.htm#_ftnref06\" name=\"_ftn06\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/marxist.org-chinese-trotsky-1937a.htm#_ftnref06\" name=\"_ftn06\">[6]<\/a> \u4e13\u653f\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u6709\u5404\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u3002\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u548c\u6069\u683c\u65af\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u573a\u5408\u4e5f\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5f53\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bf4\u300c\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u4e13\u653f\u300d\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6240\u6307\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u638c\u63e1\u7edf\u6cbb\u6743\uff0c\u800c\u5e76\u4e0d\u542b\u6709\u9ad8\u538b\u7edf\u6cbb\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002\u540e\u6765\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u4ee5\u4e3a\u8fd9\u540d\u8bcd\u542b\u6709\u9ad8\u538b\u7edf\u6cbb\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u90a3\u5e76\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u9a6c\u6069\u7684\u539f\u610f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u300c\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u4e13\u653f\u300d\u548c\u300c\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e3a\u7edf\u6cbb\u9636\u7ea7\u300d\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u4e0e\u300c\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u6c11\u4e3b\u300d\u4e5f\u6beb\u65e0\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u6c11\u4e3b\uff08\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u6bd4\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u6c11\u4e3b\u5236\u66f4\u9ad8\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\uff09\u5236\u5ea6\u4e0b\uff0c\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u653f\u6743\u624d\u662f\u6b63\u5e38\u800c\u5065\u5168\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/marxist.org-chinese-trotsky-1937a.htm#_ftnref07\" name=\"_ftn07\">[7]<\/a> \u6ce2\u62ff\u5df4\u7279\u4e3b\u4e49\uff1aBonapartism\u7684\u97f3\u8bd1\u3002\u5728\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u6307\u7684\u662f\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u79cd\u653f\u6cbb\u5236\u5ea6\uff1a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u884c\u653f\u6743\u529b\u5f52\u4e00\u4eba\u7edf\u8f96\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u56fd\u5bb6\u6240\u6709\u5176\u5b83\u90e8\u4efd\u4ee5\u81f3\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0a\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u9636\u7ea7\u5b9e\u884c\u72ec\u88c1\uff0c\u5e76\u51cc\u9a7e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e4b\u4e0a\u3002\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u5f53\u65f6\u6240\u5f15\u4e3a\u4f8b\u5b50\u7684\uff0c\u6070\u6070\u5c31\u662f\u6cd5\u56fd\u7684\u8def\u6613\uff0e\u6ce2\u62ff\u5df4\u7279\uff0c\u4ed6\u57281851\u5e74\u53d1\u52a8\u653f\u53d8\u540e\u6210\u4e3a\u62ff\u7834\u4ed1\u7b2c\u4e09\u3002\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u501f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u90a3\u5728\u5eff\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e0b\u534a\u671f\u7be1\u593a\u4e86\u82cf\u8054\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6743\u529b\u7684\u5b98\u50da\u4e13\u5236\uff08\u7531\u53f2\u5927\u6797\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/marxist.org-chinese-trotsky-1937a.htm#_ftnref08\" name=\"_ftn08\">[8]<\/a> \u7b2c\u4e8c\u56fd\u9645\uff1a\u6210\u7acb\u4e8e1889\u5e74\uff0c\u662f\u5404\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u7684\u677e\u6563\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u8054\u76df\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u5bf9\u63a8\u52a8\u4e16\u754c\u5de5\u4eba\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fd0\u52a8\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4f461914\u5e74\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u90fd\u629b\u5f03\u4e86\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u4e3b\u4e49\u7acb\u573a\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u652f\u6301\u5176\u672c\u56fd\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u653f\u5e9c\u53c2\u6218\uff0c\u5f7b\u5e95\u53d8\u6210\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6539\u826f\u6d3e\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/marxist.org-chinese-trotsky-1937a.htm#_ftnref09\" name=\"_ftn09\">[9]<\/a> \u5df4\u9ece\u516c\u793e\uff1a\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de5\u4eba\u653f\u5e9c\u30021871\u5e74\u6cd5\u56fd\u5728\u666e\u6cd5\u6218\u4e89\u4e2d\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u5176\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u6295\u964d\u653f\u7b56\u6fc0\u8d77\u5de5\u4eba\u4e0d\u6ee1\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u5e76\u53d1\u52a8\u8d77\u4e49\uff0c\u6210\u7acb\u5df4\u9ece\u516c\u793e\u300272\u65e5\u4e4b\u540e\u4e3a\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u653f\u5e9c\u6240\u63a8\u7ffb\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/marxist.org-chinese-trotsky-1937a.htm#_ftnref010\" name=\"_ftn010\">[10]<\/a> \u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\uff1aSoviet\u4e00\u8bcd\u7684\u97f3\u8bd1\uff0c\u539f\u610f\u662f\u300c\u4ee3\u8868\u4f1a\u8bae\u300d\u30021905\u5e74\u7684\u4fc4\u56fd\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u9996\u6b21\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u5de5\u4eba\u81ea\u53d1\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u300c\u5de5\u4eba\u4ee3\u8868\u4f1a\u8bae\u300d\uff0c\u5373\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u30021917\u5e74\u9769\u547d\u6240\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u8fd0\u52a8\u66f4\u4e3a\u6df1\u523b\u800c\u5e7f\u6cdb\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u5de5\u4eba\u3001\u519c\u6c11\u53ca\u5175\u58eb\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u3002\u9769\u547d\u6210\u529f\u540e\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u6210\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u6743\u529b\u673a\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/marxist.org-chinese-trotsky-1937a.htm#_ftnref011\" name=\"_ftn011\">[11]<\/a> \u7b2c\u56db\u56fd\u9645\uff1a\u7531\u6d41\u653e\u56fd\u5916\u7684\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u6240\u9886\u5bfc\uff0c\u6210\u7acb\u4e8e1938\u5e74\u3002\u76f4\u81f31933\u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u81ea\u79f0\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e09\u56fd\u9645\u5185\u7684\u5de6\u6d3e\u53cd\u5bf9\u6d3e\u3002\u5e0c\u7279\u62c9\u57281933\u5e74\u4e0a\u53f0\u540e\u624d\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u6210\u7acb\u7b2c\u56db\u56fd\u9645\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6b64\u65f6\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u624d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e09\u56fd\u9645\u5df2\u7ecf\u5815\u843d\u5230\u65e0\u53ef\u6539\u826f\uff08\u5b83\u4e4b\u5ba2\u89c2\u4e0a\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e86\u5e0c\u7279\u62c9\u4e0a\u53f0\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u660e\u8bc1\uff09\uff0c\u987b\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u6765\u7ee7\u627f\u4e16\u754c\u5de5\u4eba\u9769\u547d\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_column tdi_9  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span4 td-is-sticky\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_9{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_9 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_9 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_9 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_9 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_9 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" data-sticky-enabled-on=\"W3RydWUsdHJ1ZSx0cnVlLHRydWVd\" data-sticky-offset=\"20\" data-sticky-is-width-auto=\"W2ZhbHNlLGZhbHNlLGZhbHNlLGZhbHNlXQ==\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper td_block_wrap vc_widget_sidebar tdi_11 \" ><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-28644","page","type-page","status-publish"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5ba3\u8a00\u4e5d\u5341\u5468\u5e74\uff081937\uff09 - \u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u5de5\u8bba\u575b China Worker<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/%e5%85%b1%e4%ba%a7%e5%85%9a%e5%ae%a3%e8%a8%80%e4%b9%9d%e5%8d%81%e5%91%a8%e5%b9%b4%ef%bc%881937%ef%bc%89\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5ba3\u8a00\u4e5d\u5341\u5468\u5e74\uff081937\uff09 - \u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u5de5\u8bba\u575b China Worker\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/%e5%85%b1%e4%ba%a7%e5%85%9a%e5%ae%a3%e8%a8%80%e4%b9%9d%e5%8d%81%e5%91%a8%e5%b9%b4%ef%bc%881937%ef%bc%89\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u5de5\u8bba\u575b China Worker\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/SocialistAction\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-04-11T19:48:18+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u9884\u8ba1\u9605\u8bfb\u65f6\u95f4\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"1 \u5206\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/%e5%85%b1%e4%ba%a7%e5%85%9a%e5%ae%a3%e8%a8%80%e4%b9%9d%e5%8d%81%e5%91%a8%e5%b9%b4%ef%bc%881937%ef%bc%89\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/%e5%85%b1%e4%ba%a7%e5%85%9a%e5%ae%a3%e8%a8%80%e4%b9%9d%e5%8d%81%e5%91%a8%e5%b9%b4%ef%bc%881937%ef%bc%89\\\/\",\"name\":\"\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5ba3\u8a00\u4e5d\u5341\u5468\u5e74\uff081937\uff09 - \u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u5de5\u8bba\u575b China Worker\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2021-04-11T19:47:38+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-04-11T19:48:18+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/%e5%85%b1%e4%ba%a7%e5%85%9a%e5%ae%a3%e8%a8%80%e4%b9%9d%e5%8d%81%e5%91%a8%e5%b9%b4%ef%bc%881937%ef%bc%89\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"zh-Hans\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/%e5%85%b1%e4%ba%a7%e5%85%9a%e5%ae%a3%e8%a8%80%e4%b9%9d%e5%8d%81%e5%91%a8%e5%b9%b4%ef%bc%881937%ef%bc%89\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/%e5%85%b1%e4%ba%a7%e5%85%9a%e5%ae%a3%e8%a8%80%e4%b9%9d%e5%8d%81%e5%91%a8%e5%b9%b4%ef%bc%881937%ef%bc%89\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"\u9996\u9801\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/%e9%a6%96%e9%a1%b5\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5ba3\u8a00\u4e5d\u5341\u5468\u5e74\uff081937\uff09\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/\",\"name\":\"\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u884c\u52d5\",\"description\":\"\u56e2\u7ed3\uff0e\u6597\u4e89\uff0e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"zh-Hans\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Chinaworker.info\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"zh-Hans\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/media1.chinaworker.info\\\/2021\\\/04\\\/logo-sa.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/media1.chinaworker.info\\\/2021\\\/04\\\/logo-sa.png\",\"width\":120,\"height\":126,\"caption\":\"Chinaworker.info\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/SocialistAction\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instagram.com\\\/socialistactionhk\\\/\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5ba3\u8a00\u4e5d\u5341\u5468\u5e74\uff081937\uff09 - \u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u5de5\u8bba\u575b China Worker","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/%e5%85%b1%e4%ba%a7%e5%85%9a%e5%ae%a3%e8%a8%80%e4%b9%9d%e5%8d%81%e5%91%a8%e5%b9%b4%ef%bc%881937%ef%bc%89\/","og_locale":"zh_CN","og_type":"article","og_title":"\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5ba3\u8a00\u4e5d\u5341\u5468\u5e74\uff081937\uff09 - \u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u5de5\u8bba\u575b China Worker","og_url":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/%e5%85%b1%e4%ba%a7%e5%85%9a%e5%ae%a3%e8%a8%80%e4%b9%9d%e5%8d%81%e5%91%a8%e5%b9%b4%ef%bc%881937%ef%bc%89\/","og_site_name":"\u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u5de5\u8bba\u575b China Worker","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/SocialistAction","article_modified_time":"2021-04-11T19:48:18+00:00","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u9884\u8ba1\u9605\u8bfb\u65f6\u95f4":"1 \u5206"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/%e5%85%b1%e4%ba%a7%e5%85%9a%e5%ae%a3%e8%a8%80%e4%b9%9d%e5%8d%81%e5%91%a8%e5%b9%b4%ef%bc%881937%ef%bc%89\/","url":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/%e5%85%b1%e4%ba%a7%e5%85%9a%e5%ae%a3%e8%a8%80%e4%b9%9d%e5%8d%81%e5%91%a8%e5%b9%b4%ef%bc%881937%ef%bc%89\/","name":"\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5ba3\u8a00\u4e5d\u5341\u5468\u5e74\uff081937\uff09 - \u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u5de5\u8bba\u575b China Worker","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/#website"},"datePublished":"2021-04-11T19:47:38+00:00","dateModified":"2021-04-11T19:48:18+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/%e5%85%b1%e4%ba%a7%e5%85%9a%e5%ae%a3%e8%a8%80%e4%b9%9d%e5%8d%81%e5%91%a8%e5%b9%b4%ef%bc%881937%ef%bc%89\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"zh-Hans","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/%e5%85%b1%e4%ba%a7%e5%85%9a%e5%ae%a3%e8%a8%80%e4%b9%9d%e5%8d%81%e5%91%a8%e5%b9%b4%ef%bc%881937%ef%bc%89\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/%e5%85%b1%e4%ba%a7%e5%85%9a%e5%ae%a3%e8%a8%80%e4%b9%9d%e5%8d%81%e5%91%a8%e5%b9%b4%ef%bc%881937%ef%bc%89\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"\u9996\u9801","item":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/%e9%a6%96%e9%a1%b5\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5ba3\u8a00\u4e5d\u5341\u5468\u5e74\uff081937\uff09"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/#website","url":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/","name":"\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u884c\u52d5","description":"\u56e2\u7ed3\uff0e\u6597\u4e89\uff0e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"zh-Hans"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/#organization","name":"Chinaworker.info","url":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"zh-Hans","@id":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/media1.chinaworker.info\/2021\/04\/logo-sa.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/media1.chinaworker.info\/2021\/04\/logo-sa.png","width":120,"height":126,"caption":"Chinaworker.info"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/SocialistAction","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/socialistactionhk\/"]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/28644","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28644"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/28644\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":28645,"href":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/28644\/revisions\/28645"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28644"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}