{"id":28692,"date":"2021-04-12T16:42:13","date_gmt":"2021-04-12T08:42:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/?page_id=28692"},"modified":"2021-04-12T16:42:17","modified_gmt":"2021-04-12T08:42:17","slug":"%e6%88%91%e4%bb%ac%e7%9a%84%e6%84%8f%e8%a7%81%e5%88%86%e6%ad%a7","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/%e6%89%98%e6%b4%9b%e8%8c%a8%e5%9f%ba%e3%80%8a%e5%8d%81%e6%9c%88%e7%9a%84%e6%95%99%e8%ae%ad%e3%80%8b%ef%bc%881924-9-15%ef%bc%89\/%e6%88%91%e4%bb%ac%e7%9a%84%e6%84%8f%e8%a7%81%e5%88%86%e6%ad%a7\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u610f\u89c1\u5206\u6b67"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"tdi_1\" class=\"tdc-zone\"><div class=\"tdc_zone tdi_2  wpb_row td-pb-row\"  >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_2{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }\n<\/style><div id=\"tdi_3\" class=\"tdc-row\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_4  wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_4,\r\n                .tdi_4 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_4,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_4 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_4 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_4:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_4:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n\/* inline tdc_css att - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n.tdi_4{\nmargin-top:50px !important;\n}\n\n.tdi_4 .td_block_wrap{ text-align:left }\n\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_6  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span8\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_6{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_6 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_6 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_6 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_6 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_6 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" ><div class=\"wpb_wrapper wpb_text_column td_block_wrap td_block_wrap vc_column_text tdi_7  tagdiv-type td-pb-border-top td_block_template_1\"  data-td-block-uid=\"tdi_7\" >\n<style>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.vc_column_text > .td-element-style{\r\n\t\t\t\t\tz-index: -1;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"td-fix-index\"><h3 class=\"title1\" style=\"text-align: center;\">\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u610f\u89c1\u5206\u6b67<\/h3>\n<p class=\"author\" style=\"text-align: center;\">\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa<\/p>\n<p class=\"date\" style=\"text-align: center;\">\uff081924\u5e7411\u6708\uff09<\/p>\n<div class=\"a1\">\n<div 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\/>\n\u7136\u800c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ec5\u56ff\u4e8e\u8fd9\u79cd\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u5bf9\u201c\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u7684\u6307\u8d23\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5176\u4f9d\u636e\u4ec5\u4ec5\u4e3a\u8fd1\u51e0\u5e74\u6765\u6211\u7684\u58f0\u660e\u3001\u8a00\u8bba\u548c\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u4e5f\u662f\u76f8\u5f53\u7f3a\u4e4f\u8bf4\u670d\u529b\u7684\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e00\u6307\u8d23\u80fd\u6709\u5206\u91cf\uff0c\u6709\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u8fd8\u628a\u6211\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7ecf\u5386\u5373\u6211\u52a0\u5165\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u515a\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u9769\u547d\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e5f\u7275\u626f\u4e86\u8fdb\u6765\u3002\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u5bf9\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u4e5f\u4f5c\u51fa\u8bf4\u660e\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u672c\u6587\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<br \/>\n<b>\u5018\u82e5\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u4f1a\u5bf9\u4e89\u8bba\u706b\u4e0a\u6d47\u6cb9\uff0c\u2014\u2014\u6216\u8005\u6709\u6743\u51b3\u5b9a\u672c\u6587\u662f\u5426\u520a\u767b\u7684\u540c\u5fd7\u76f4\u63a5\u5e76\u516c\u5f00\u5bf9\u6211\u8bf4\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c<\/b>\u2014\u2014\u6211\u4f1a\u653e\u5f03\u520a\u767b\u6b64\u6587\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8499\u53d7\u5426\u5b9a\u5217\u5b81\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6307\u8d23\u4ee4\u6211\u5fc3\u60c5\u5341\u5206\u6c89\u91cd\u3002\u6211\u4f1a\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u53ea\u6709\u7b49\u5f85\uff0c\u515a\u5185\u751f\u6d3b\u8f83\u4e3a\u5e73\u9759\u7684\u65f6\u523b\u4f1a\u7ed9\u6211\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u54ea\u6015\u662f\u8fdf\u5230\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u6765\u9a73\u5012\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u6307\u8d23\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u6211\u611f\u5230\uff0c\u516c\u5f00\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u2014\u2014\u5373\u5c31\u5bf9\u6211\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6307\u8d23\u4f5c\u51fa\u7b54\u590d\u2014\u2014\u5728\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u65f6\u523b\u4e0d\u4f1a\u66f4\u52a0\u6fc0\u5316\u515a\u5185\u7684\u6c14\u6c1b\uff0c\u76f8\u53cd\u4f1a\u4f7f\u4e4b\u7f13\u89e3\uff0c\u4f7f\u95ee\u9898\u9002\u53ef\u800c\u6b62\u3002<br \/>\n\u786e\u5b9e\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u5982\u679c\u515a\u5185\u786e\u5b9e\u5b58\u5728\u53cd\u5bf9\u5217\u5b81\u4e3b\u4e49\u8def\u7ebf\u7684\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u4e3b\u4e49\u8def\u7ebf\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u610f\u5473\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u9636\u7ea7\u503e\u5411\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u6597\u4e89\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u8bf4\u660e\u90fd\u65e0\u6d4e\u4e8e\u4e8b\u3002\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u653f\u515a\u53ea\u6709\u6e05\u6d17\u81ea\u8eab\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u4e3b\u4e49\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5e76<b>\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728<\/b>\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u4e3b\u4e49\u5e7d\u7075\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u9769\u547d\u524d\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u53cd\u6620\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u5217\u5b81\u53bb\u4e16\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u591a\u7591\u8651\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u4ece\u6863\u6848\u4e2d\u7ffb\u51fa\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u81f4\u9f50\u8d6b\u6cfd<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>\u7684\u4fe1\u4e4b\u7c7b\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u771f\u7684\u518d\u73b0\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u4e3b\u4e49\u5e7d\u7075\u2014\u2014\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u516c\u5f00\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u5c31\u6709\u6240\u52a9\u76ca\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d88\u9664\u79ef\u6dc0\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u65e7\u6210\u89c1\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u9a71\u6563\u5e7d\u7075\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u51c0\u5316\u515a\u5185\u6c14\u6c1b\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u672c\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: 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title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftn2\" 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\/>\n\u52a0\u7c73\u6d85\u592b\u540c\u5fd7\u540c\u5217\u5b81\u5728\u5341\u6708\u9769\u547d\u65f6\u7684\u5206\u6b67\u7684\u5b9e\u8d28\u8868\u73b0\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\u5462\uff1f\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u52a0\u7c73\u6d85\u592b\u540c\u5fd7\u4e3b\u5f20\u5728\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u548c\u519c\u6c11\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e13\u653f\u7684\u53e3\u53f7\u4e0b\u5b8c\u6210\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u800c\u5217\u5b81\u5219\u6839\u636e\u5df2\u7ecf\u5c55\u5f00\u7684\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u9769\u547d\u51c6\u5907\u548c\u53f7\u53ec\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u7387\u9886\u519c\u6751\u4e0b\u5c42\u7fa4\u4f17\u53bb\u5b9e\u73b0\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e13\u653f\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u5341\u6708\u9769\u547d\u65f6\u671f\u4e24\u79cd\u503e\u5411\u7684\u5b9e\u8d28\u3002\u5217\u5b81\u575a\u51b3\u53cd\u5bf9\u52a0\u7c73\u6d85\u592b\u7684\u63d0\u6cd5\u3002\u4ed6\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u548c\u519c\u6c11\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e13\u653f\u7684\u516c\u5f0f<b>\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fc7\u65f6\u4e86<\/b>\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4e0d\u8981\u5411\u65e7\u516c\u5f0f\u770b\u9f50\uff0c\u800c\u8981\u5411\u65b0\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u770b\u9f50\u201d\u3002\u5217\u5b81\u95ee\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u52a0\u7c73\u6d85\u592b\u540c\u5fd7\u7684\u2018\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u6c11\u4e3b\u9769\u547d\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5b8c\u6210\u2019\u8fd9\u4e00\u8001\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u5305\u62ec\u8fd9\u79cd\u73b0\u5b9e\u5462\uff1f\u201d\u4ed6\u56de\u7b54\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6ca1\u6709\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u516c\u5f0f\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fc7\u65f6\u4e86\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u4e86\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u50f5\u6b7b\u4e86\u3002\u8981\u4f7f\u5b83\u590d\u6d3b\u662f\u5f92\u52b3\u65e0\u76ca\u7684\u3002\u201d<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\"><sup>[3]<\/sup><\/a>\u8fd9\u662f\u5426\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5217\u5b81\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u201c\u653e\u5f03\u4e86\u201d\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u548c\u519c\u6c11\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e13\u653f\u8fd9\u4e00\u516c\u5f0f\u5462\uff1f\u4e0d\uff0c\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd9\u4e48\u56de\u4e8b\u3002\u6211\u4e1d\u6beb\u4e5f\u672a\u60f3\u628a\u8fd9\u4e00\u201c\u653e\u5f03\u201d\u5f3a\u52a0\u4e8e\u4ed6\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u6211\u76f4\u622a\u4e86\u5f53\u5730\u8bf4\uff08\u7b2c17\u9875\uff09\uff0c\u5217\u5b81\u540c\u4fc4\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u4ece\u52b3\u52a8\u89e3\u653e\u793e\u8d77\u5c31\u6709\u7684\u50f5\u5316\u7684\u897f\u6b27\u6d3e\u4f20\u7edf\u6b63\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u4ed6\u4f7f\u5f97\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u548c\u519c\u6c11\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e13\u653f\u8fd9\u4e00\u516c\u5f0f\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u4f53\u73b0\u51fa\u4fc4\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u548c\u4fc4\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6027\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u5bf9\u4ed6\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u516c\u5f0f\u5982\u540c\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\u516c\u5f0f\u4e00\u6837\u5177\u6709\u80fd\u52a8\u7684\u3001\u6709\u6548\u7684\u56e0\u800c\u662f\u5177\u4f53\u5236\u7ea6\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u6559\u6761\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u6307\u5357\u3002\u6211\u5728\u524d\u8a00\u4e2d\u95ee\u9053\uff1a\u57281917\u5e74\u9769\u547d\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u5b9e\u65bd\u8fc7\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u548c\u519c\u6c11\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e13\u653f\u5417\uff1f\u6211\u575a\u6301\u5217\u5b81\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u56de\u7b54\u8bf4\uff1a\u5b83\u66fe\u4ee5\u4e0d\u60f3\u5b8c\u5168\u638c\u6743\u7684\u534a\u653f\u6743\u5de5\u5175\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b9e\u65bd\u8fc7\u3002\u5217\u5b81\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u77ac\u606f\u4e07\u53d8\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u8ba4\u6e05\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u3002\u4ed6\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5f62\u52bf\u4e0b\uff0c\u65e7\u516c\u5f0f\u7684\u5b9e\u65bd\u53ea\u80fd\u8fd9\u4e48\u534a\u534a\u62c9\u62c9\u3002\u800c\u53cd\u5bf9\u593a\u53d6\u653f\u6743\u7684\u4eba\u5219\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u5f53\u201c\u5b8c\u6210\u201d\u6c11\u4e3b\u9769\u547d\u3002\u5217\u5b81\u56de\u7b54\u8bf4\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u201c\u4e8c\u6708\u9769\u547d\u201d\u7684\u8def\u7ebf\u6240\u80fd\u505a\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u5747\u5df2\u505a\u4e86\uff0c\u5747\u5df2\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\uff1b\u65e7\u516c\u5f0f\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fc7\u65f6\u4e86\uff1b\u5e94\u5f53\u4ece\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u65b0\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u516c\u5f0f\u3002\u5217\u5b81\u6307\u8d23\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5bf9\u624b\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u672a\u80fd\u6309\u7167\u5728\u4e8c\u6708\u9769\u547d\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u4e1a\u5df2\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u6765\u8ba4\u8bc6\u201c\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e13\u653f\u201d\u3002\u65e9\u4ece\u56db\u6708\u521d\u8d77\uff0c\u5217\u5b81\u5c31\u4e0d\u538c\u5176\u70e6\u5730\u89e3\u91ca\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u73b0\u5728\u8c01\u53ea\u8c08\u2018\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u548c\u519c\u6c11\u7684\u9769\u547d\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e13\u653f\u2019\uff0c\u8c01\u5c31\u662f\u843d\u5728\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u540e\u9762\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u8dd1\u5230\u5c0f\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u65b9\u9762\u53bb\u53cd\u5bf9\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u9636\u7ea7\u6597\u4e89\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u4eba\u5e94\u5f53\u9001\u8fdb\u9769\u547d\u524d\u7684\u2018\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u2019\u53e4\u8463\u4fdd\u7ba1\u5e93\uff08\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u53eb\u505a\u2018\u8001\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u2019\u4fdd\u7ba1\u5e93\uff09\u201d\u3002\uff08\u300a\u5217\u5b81\u5168\u96c6\u300b\u4fc4\u6587\u7b2c1\u7248\u7b2c14\u5377\u4e0a\u518c\u7b2c29\u9875<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\"><sup>[4]<\/sup><\/a>\uff09\u3002\u5217\u5b81\u575a\u6301\u91cd\u590d\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u5bf9\u624b\u4eec\u7528\u8fc7\u65f6\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u6765\u540c\u9769\u547d\u7684\u9700\u8981\u76f8\u5bf9\u7acb\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u201c\u5411\u5c0f\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u9769\u547d\u6027\u4e3e\u624b\u6295\u964d\u201d\u3002<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\"><sup>[5]<\/sup><\/a>\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u5217\u5b81\u5bf9\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u63d0\u6cd5\u3002\u6211\u5219\u662f\u6309\u7167\u539f\u6837\u52a0\u4ee5\u9610\u8ff0\u3002\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5728\u5341\u6708\u9769\u547d\u8fd9\u4e00\u5341\u5206\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u6211\u540c\u5217\u5b81\u610f\u89c1\u4e00\u81f4\u800c\u672a\u540c\u52a0\u7c73\u6d85\u592b\u540c\u5fd7\u610f\u89c1\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u5c31\u6210\u4e3a\u5bf9\u5217\u5b81\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4fee\u6b63\u4e86\u5462\uff1f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5728\u5bf9\u5f85\u5341\u6708\u9769\u547d\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7684\u5217\u5b81\u4e3b\u4e49\u89c2\u70b9\u80fd\u5bb9\u7eb3\u66fe\u540c\u5217\u5b81\u622a\u7136\u5bf9\u7acb\u7684\u52a0\u7c73\u6d85\u592b\uff0c\u5374\u8981\u6392\u65a5\u66fe\u8ffd\u968f\u5217\u5b81\u7684\u6211\u5462\uff1f\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u5217\u5b81\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e00\u8bcd\u662f\u5426\u53d8\u5f97\u8fc7\u4e8e\u7075\u6d3b\uff0c\u8fc7\u4e8e\u968f\u5fc3\u6240\u6b32\u4e86\u5462\uff1f<br \/>\n\u4e3a\u4e86\u5f15\u5bfc\u4eba\u4eec\u5f97\u51fa\u5341\u6708\u9769\u547d\u671f\u95f4\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u79cd\u5b8c\u5168\u51fa\u4eba\u610f\u6599\u3001\u4ee4\u4eba\u96be\u4ee5\u601d\u8bae\u7684\u5217\u5b81\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u53cd\u5217\u5b81\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5bf9\u7acb\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u628a\u95ee\u9898\u8bf4\u6210\u8fd9\u6837\uff1a\u662f\u6211\u628a\u52a0\u7c73\u6d85\u592b\u7b49\u4eba\u7684<b>\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u4e3b\u4e49\u5f7b\u5e95\u6027<\/b>\u770b\u6210\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff1b\u662f\u6211\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u770b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u540c\u5fd7\u786e\u5b9e\u6309\u5217\u5b81\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u4e00\u76f4\u575a\u6301\u5230\u5e95\uff0c\u624d\u6700\u7ec8\u6ca6\u4e3a\u5c0f\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u9769\u547d\u7684\u4fd8\u864f\u3002\u201d\u4f46\u6211\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u8bf4\u8fc7\u5341\u6708\u9769\u547d\u65f6\u53cd\u5bf9\u5217\u5b81\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u201c\u5f7b\u5e95\u201d\u8fd0\u7528\u4e86\u5217\u5b81\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u3002\u4e0d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5c31\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c<b>\u4ed6\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u50cf\u5217\u5b81\u90a3\u6837\u6765\u5bf9\u5f85\u5217\u5b81\u7684\u516c\u5f0f<\/b>\uff1b\u4ed6\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u516c\u5f0f\u5728\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u77db\u76fe\uff1b\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u7406\u89e31905\u5e74\u516c\u5f0f\u7684\u8fc7\u6e21\u9636\u6bb5\u6027\u8d28\uff1b\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bf4\u7684\u662f\u5217\u5b81\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5374\u628a\u80cc\u5f97\u70c2\u719f\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u540c\u5bf9\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9\u7acb\u4e86\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u50cf\u5217\u5b81\u90a3\u6837\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u5217\u5b81\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u3002\u5217\u5b81\u672c\u4eba\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e48\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u9519\u8bef\u4f5c\u4e86\u900f\u5f7b\u7684\u5206\u6790\u3002<br \/>\n\u540c\u6837\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fbe\u5230\u628a\u6211\uff08\u786e\u5207\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u662f\u5217\u5b81\uff09\u5bf9\u52a0\u7c73\u6d85\u592b\u540c\u5fd7\u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u53d8\u6210\u6211\u5bf9\u5217\u5b81\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u8fd9\u4e00\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u62111909\u5e74\u5199\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u800c\u4e0d\u662f1924\u5e74\u5199\u7684\u524d\u8a00\u4e4b\u4e2d\u6458\u53d6\u5f15\u6587\u3002\u6211\u57281909\u5e74\u5199\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u8c08\u5230\u8fc7\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u548c\u519c\u6c11\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e13\u653f\u8fd9\u4e00\u516c\u5f0f\u5728\u9769\u547d\u7279\u5b9a\u9636\u6bb5\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u663e\u9732\u51fa\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u53cd\u9769\u547d\u7279\u70b9\u3002\u4e0d\u9519\uff0c1909\u5e74\u6211\u66fe\u5728\u7f57\u838e\u00b7\u5362\u68ee\u5821\u7684\u6742\u5fd7\u4e0a\u8fd9\u6837\u5199\u8fc7\u3002\u8be5\u6587\u5df2\u6536\u5165\u6211\u7684\u300a1905\u5e74\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u30021917\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u8be5\u4e66\u66fe\u7ecf\u7528\u4fc4\u6587\u548c\u591a\u79cd\u5916\u6587\u591a\u6b21\u518d\u7248\uff0c\u4ece\u672a\u89c1\u4efb\u4f55\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4eba\u58eb\u63d0\u51fa\u8fc7\u8d28\u7591\u6216\u8005\u53cd\u9a73\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u770b\u8be5\u6587\u5e94\u5f53\u8003\u8651\u5230\u64b0\u5199\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u628a1909\u5e74\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bba\u6218\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\u8bdd\u786c\u585e\u8fdb1924\u5e74\u5199\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u524d\u8a00\u4e2d\u53bb\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u6bb51909\u5e74\u5199\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u64b0\u5199\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5e76\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u6211\u5bf9\u4e4b\u63d0\u51fa\u8d28\u7591\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u516c\u5f0f\u5bf9\u5217\u5b81\u53ea\u5177\u6709\u9636\u6bb5\u6027\u3001\u51c6\u5907\u6027\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u6307\u8d23\u6211\u662f\u5bf9\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u63a5\u53d7\u8fd9\u79cd\u6307\u8d23\u3002\u7136\u800c\u8981\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u6070\u6070\u662f\u52a0\u7c73\u6d85\u592b\u540c\u5fd7\u7b49\u4eba\u8bd5\u56fe\u8fdd\u53cd\u5217\u5b81\u7684\u610f\u613f\u628a\u8fd9\u4e00\u80fd\u52a8\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u53d8\u6210\u6559\u6761\uff0c\u5e76\u628a\u5b83\u540c\u6b63\u5728\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u9769\u547d\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u7acb\u8d77\u7c73\u3002\u6070\u6070\u662f\u5217\u5b81\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u89e3\u91ca\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u7acb\u573a\u963b\u788d\u4e86\u9769\u547d\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u6211\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u627c\u8981\u5730\u4e14\u7528\u5341\u5206\u7f13\u548c\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u590d\u8ff0\u4e86\u5217\u5b81\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u548c\u8bc4\u4ef7\u3002\u600e\u4e48\u80fd\u7531\u6b64\u5f97\u51fa\u4fee\u6b63\u5217\u5b81\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u5462\uff1f\u65e2\u7136\u975e\u8981\u628a\u201c\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u540c\u8fd9\u4e00\u4ef6\u5386\u53f2\u65e9\u5df2\u52fe\u9500\u7684\u4e8b\u626f\u5230\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u53ea\u80fd\u8bf4\uff1a\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u5728\u524d\u8a00\u4e2d\u8d5e\u540c\u5217\u5b81\u5173\u4e8e\u6c11\u4e3b\u9769\u547d\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u9769\u547d\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u63d0\u6cd5\uff1b\u7136\u800c\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u63d0\u4ed6\u653e\u5f03\u4e0d\u65ad\u9769\u547d\u8fd9\u4e00\u8001\u516c\u5f0f\uff1b\u7531\u6b64\u5c06\u5f97\u51fa\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u5373\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u6839\u636e1917\u5e74\u9769\u547d\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6309\u5217\u5b81\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u6765\u9610\u91ca\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8001\u516c\u5f0f\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u6240\u80fd\u5f97\u51fa\u7684\u60df\u4e00\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u6839\u636e\u672a\u63d0\u53ca\u5386\u53f2\u5df2\u52fe\u9500\u4e86\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u9769\u547d\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u90a3\u7bc7\u524d\u8a00\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u628a\u8fd9\u7bc7\u524d\u8a00\u540c\u6211\u53cd\u6620\u4e0d\u540c\u653f\u6cbb\u53d1\u5c55\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u65e7\u8457\u4f5c\u6bd4\u8f83\u624d\u5f97\u51fa\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ed3\u8bba\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u3002\u5bf9\u6211\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u4e0d\u65ad\u9769\u547d\u8fd9\u4e00\u516c\u5f0f\u7684\u6839\u672c\u662f\uff0c\u6df1\u4fe1\u4fc4\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u4ee5\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u9769\u547d\u5f00\u59cb\u5c06\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u5730\u4ee5\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e13\u653f\u800c\u544a\u7ec8\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u6211\u4e0a\u6587\u8bba\u53ca\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u4e2d\u6d3e\u7b56\u7565\u503e\u5411\u4f7f\u6211\u79bb\u5f00\u4e86\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u4e3b\u4e49\u5e76\u540c\u5b83\u5bf9\u7acb\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u4fc4\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u5fc5\u7136\u5c06\u653f\u6743\u4ea4\u7ed9\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u8fd9\u4e00\u6839\u672c\u653f\u6cbb\u4fe1\u5ff5\u53c8\u4f7f\u6211\u540c\u5b5f\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u5bf9\u7acb\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u6211\u5386\u7ecf\u624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\/>\n\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u9884\u5148\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5206\u9752\u7ea2\u7682\u767d\u5730\u5f15\u752820\u5e74\u6765\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u6587\u5b87\uff0c\u968f\u5fc3\u6240\u6b32\u5730\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u62fc\u51d1\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u628a\u6211\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u8bf4\u8fc7\u7684\u6d3b\u5f3a\u52a0\u7ed9\u6211\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ea\u8981\u613f\u610f\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7528\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u4e3b\u4e49\u5077\u6362\u5217\u5b81\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u4e0a\u5f97\u51fa\u4efb\u4f55\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u573a\u4e89\u8bba\u4e2d\u201c\u4e0d\u8981\u6c99\u7687\uff0c\u800c\u8981\u5de5\u4eba\u653f\u5e9c\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u516c\u5f0f\u6700\u5403\u9999\u3002\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e0b\u5341\u4f4d\u4f5c\u8005\uff08\u53d1\u8a00\u8005\u5c31\u66f4\u591a\u4e86\uff01\uff09\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u628a\u8fd9\u4e00\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u516c\u5f0f\u7b97\u5230\u4e86\u6211\u7684\u5934\u4e0a\u3002\u7136\u800c\u6211\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u9898\u4e3a\u300a\u4e0d\u8981\u6c99\u7687\uff0c\u800c\u8981\u5de5\u4eba\u653f\u5e9c\u300b\u7684\u90a3\u4efd\u8457\u540d\u4f20\u5355\u662f1905\u5e74\u590f\u7531\u4fa8\u5c45\u56fd\u5916\u7684\u5e15\u5c14\u4e4c\u65af<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftn6\" name=\"_ftnref6\"><sup>[6]<\/sup><\/a>\u64b0\u5199\u7684\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u6211\u533f\u5c45\u5728\u5f7c\u5f97\u5821\uff0c\u540c\u4ed6\u6839\u672c\u6ca1\u6709\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u8fd9\u4efd\u4f20\u5355\u7531<b>\u5e15\u5c14\u4e4c\u65af\u4e2a\u4eba\u7f72\u540d<\/b>\u5728\u56fd\u5916\u5370\u5237\uff0c\u5728\u4fc4\u56fd\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u7ffb\u5370\u8fc7\u3002\u6211\u4efb\u4f55\u65f6\u5019\u5bf9\u5e15\u5c14\u4e4c\u65af\u8fd9\u4e00\u7b80\u5355\u5316\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u90fd\u4e0d\u8d1f\u4efb\u4f55\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u6211\u64b0\u5199\u8fc7\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u4f20\u5355\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u8f83\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u5df4\u5e93\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u79d8\u5bc6\u5370\u5237\u5382\u5370\u5236\u7684\uff081905\u5e74\u590f\uff09\u3002\u6b64\u7c7b\u4f20\u5355\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4efd\u662f\u4e13\u95e8\u5199\u7ed9\u519c\u6c11\u7684\u3002\u5728\u73b0\u5728\u5927\u90fd\u80fd\u67e5\u627e\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u6211\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f20\u5355\u4e2d\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4efd\u8981\u201c\u8df3\u8d8a\u201d\u6c11\u4e3b\u9769\u547d\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u7acb\u5baa\u4f1a\u8bae\u548c\u571f\u5730\u9769\u547d\u7684\u53e3\u53f7\u3002\u8bf8\u5982\u6b64\u7c7b\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5728\u6279\u5224\u6211\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u4e0d\u80dc\u679a\u4e3e\u3002\u7136\u800c\u6ca1\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u5c31\u6b64\u518d\u591a\u8d39\u7b14\u58a8\u3002\u8981\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u5e76\u4e0d\u5728\u4e8e\u6211\u4e2a\u4eba\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u653f\u6cbb\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u9636\u6bb5\u4e0a\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u8868\u8ff0\u9769\u547d\u7684\u524d\u666f\u548c\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e8e<b>\u6211\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u5728<\/b><b>1924\u5e74\uff0c\u5bf9\u5217\u5b81\u4f9d\u636e\u4e0e\u5341\u6708\u9769\u547d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5185\u5728\u8054\u7cfb\u5bf9\u57fa\u672c\u7b56\u7565\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u63d0\u6cd5\u6240\u4f5c\u7684\u5206\u6790\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e<\/b>\u3002<br \/>\n\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u6307\u51fa\u8fc7\u6211\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u5728\u5bf9\u5341\u6708\u9769\u547d\u8fdb\u884c\u7406\u8bba\u9610\u91ca\u65f6\u6211\u5b8c\u5168\u4f9d\u636e\u5217\u5b81\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u5728\u5b9e\u65bd\u5341\u6708\u9769\u547d\u65f6\u6211\u59cb\u7ec8\u540c\u5217\u5b81\u8d70\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u4e00\u6837\u3002<br \/>\n\u67d0\u4e00\u4f4d\u4f5c\u8005\u7adf\u7136\u60f3\u5f97\u51fa\u8bf4\u6211\u662f\u2026\u2026\u6309\u7167\u82cf\u6c49\u8bfa\u592b<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftn7\" name=\"_ftnref7\"><sup>[7]<\/sup><\/a>\u7684\u63d0\u6cd5\u6765\u8bc4\u4ef7\u5341\u6708\u9769\u547d\u7684\uff0c\u4e0e\u6b64\u76f8\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u662f\u4ed6\u5374\u63f4\u5f15\u4e86\u5217\u5b81\u90a3\u7bc7\u8bc4\u8bba\u82cf\u6c49\u8bfa\u592b\u8457\u4f5c\u7684\u8457\u540d\u6587\u7ae0\u3002\u4e00\u51ca\u4e8c\u695a\uff1a\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u4e3b\u4e49\u5728\u53cd\u5bf9\u5217\u5b81\u4e3b\u4e49\uff01\u8fd9\u4f4d\u53ef\u656c\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u5374\u5927\u9519\u7279\u9519\u4e86\u30021923\u5e742\u67085\u65e5\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u5f97\u77e5\u5217\u5b81\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4e4b\u524d\u5f88\u4e45\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u66fe\u81f4\u51fd\u300a\u771f\u7406\u62a5\u300b\u7f16\u8f91\u90e8\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u8bc4\u8bba\u82cf\u6c49\u8bfa\u592b\u90a3\u672c\u4e66\u7684\uff1a\u201c\u6700\u8fd1\u6211\u7ffb\u9605\u4e86\u5df2\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u82cf\u6c49\u8bfa\u592b\u300a\u9769\u547d\u672d\u8bb0\u300b\u7684\u4e00\u5377\u3002\u6211\u611f\u5230\u5e94\u5f53\u7ed9\u4e88\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u4ee5\u6bc1\u706d\u6027\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u3002\u5f88\u96be\u8bbe\u60f3\u8fd8\u6709\u66f4\u539a\u989c\u65e0\u803b\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u81ea\u6211\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4e11\u6076\u8868\u73b0\u2026\u2026\u4ed6\uff08\u82cf\u6c49\u8bfa\u592b\uff09\u8d77\u5148\u62dc\u5012\u5728\u514b\u4f26\u65af\u57fa<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftn8\" name=\"_ftnref8\"><sup>[8]<\/sup><\/a>\u811a\u4e0b\uff0c\u5728\u5de6\u8fb9\u53c8\u6293\u7740\u7b56\u5217\u94c1\u91cc<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftn9\" name=\"_ftnref9\"><sup>[9]<\/sup><\/a>\u548c\u5510\u6069<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftn10\" name=\"_ftnref10\"><sup>[10]<\/sup><\/a>\u7684\u80f3\u818a\u8098\uff0c\u5411\u4ed6\u4eec\u704c\u8f93\u9ad8\u5c1a\u5f97\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e86\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u540e\u6765\u2026\u2026\u53c8\u5411\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u704c\u8f93\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u9769\u547d\u884c\u52a8\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5f53\u4e03\u6708\u4e8b\u53d8\u540e\u5217\u5b81\u9690\u853d\u8d77\u6765\u65f6\uff0c\u82cf\u6c49\u8bfa\u592b\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9ad8\u5c1a\u7b80\u76f4\u4f24\u5fc3\u5f97\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e86\u3002\u4ed6\u82cf\u6c49\u8bfa\u592b\u4ece\u6765\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u8fc7\u201d\u2026\u2026\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u5728\u300a\u771f\u7406\u62a5\u300b\u4e0a\u66fe\u51fa\u73b0\u8fc7\u6309\u6211\u8fd9\u5c01\u4fe1\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u5199\u6210\u7684\u4e66\u8bc4\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u628a\u4fe1\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4e5f\u5f15\u8fdb\u4e86\u4e66\u8bc4\u4e2d\u3002\u8bfb\u8005\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u6211\u80fd\u5728\u591a\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u201c\u6309\u7167\u82cf\u6c49\u8bfa\u592b\u7684\u63d0\u6cd5\u201d\u8bc4\u4ef7\u9769\u547d\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">\u5217\u5b81\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u201c\u5e03\u6717\u57fa\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d<\/h3>\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u6765\u8c08\u4e00\u8c08\u4e00\u9879\u65e2\u7528\u5fc3\u9669\u6076\uff0c\u53c8\u8bba\u8bc1\u62d9\u52a3\u7684\u6307\u8d23\uff1a\u6211\u7adf\u7136\u628a\u5217\u5b81\u63cf\u7ed8\u6210\u201c\u5e03\u6717\u57fa<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftn11\" name=\"_ftnref11\"><sup>[11]<\/sup><\/a>\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u201d\uff08\uff01\uff01\uff01\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u51e0\u4e4e\u63cf\u7ed8\u6210\u4ece\u5217\u5b81\u7684\u5e03\u6717\u57fa\u4e3b\u4e49\u624b\u4e2d\u62ef\u6551\u9769\u547d\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u7531\u4e8e\u4e89\u8bba\u800c\u4e00\u53f6\u969c\u76ee\u624d\u80fd\u8bf4\u5f97\u51fa\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u79cd\u6307\u8d23\u3002<br \/>\n\u7136\u800c\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6210\u4e86\u5f15\u8d77\u8fd9\u79cd\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u5e03\u6717\u57fa\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u7684\u65e0\u7a3d\u4e4b\u8c08\u7684\u7531\u5934\u5462\uff1f<br \/>\n9\u6708\u53ec\u5f00\u6c11\u4e3b\u4f1a\u8bae\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5217\u5b81\u4ece\u4ed6\u85cf\u8eab\u7684\u82ac\u5170\u5411\u4e2d\u592e\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u63d0\u51fa\u5efa\u8bae\uff1a\u5305\u56f4\u6b63\u5728\u4e3e\u884c\u6c11\u4e3b\u4f1a\u8bae\u7684\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u5267\u9662\uff0c\u902e\u6355\u4f1a\u8bae\u53c2\u52a0\u8005\uff0c\u5360\u9886\u5f7c\u5f97\u4fdd\u7f57\u8981\u585e\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u57289\u6708\u8fd8\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ee5\u5f7c\u5f97\u5821\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u7684\u540d\u4e49\u5b9e\u65bd\u8fd9\u4e00\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8fd8\u672a\u771f\u6b63\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u5316\uff0c\u8fd8\u4e0d\u9002\u5e94\u8fd9\u4e00\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u519b\u4e8b\u9769\u547d\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u5c1a\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u6211\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u90a3\u672c\u4e66\u4e2d\u6709\u5173\u5217\u5b81\u7684\u4e5d\u6708\u5efa\u8bae\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u5199\u7684\uff1a\u201c\u8fd9\u6837\u63d0\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u672c\u6765\u6253\u7b97\u901a\u8fc7\u515a\u7684\u9014\u5f84\u5e76\u4ee5\u515a\u7684\u540d\u4e49\u6765\u51c6\u5907\u548c\u5b8c\u6210\u8d77\u4e49\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u7531\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u4f1a\u6765\u603b\u7ed3\u8fd9\u4e00\u80dc\u5229\u3002\u201d\u67d0\u4e9b\u540c\u5fd7\u4e0d\u77e5\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5374\u7531\u6b64\u5f97\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u8bf4\u6211\u628a\u5217\u5b81\u7684\u4e5d\u6708\u5efa\u8bae\u770b\u6210\u5e03\u6717\u57fa\u4e3b\u4e49\uff08\uff01\uff01\uff01\uff09\u3002\u6211\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u660e\u767d\uff0c\u8fd9\u8ddf\u5e03\u6717\u57fa\u4e3b\u4e49\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u76f8\u5e72\uff1f\u5e03\u6717\u57fa\u4e3b\u4e49\u5e94\u5f53\u662f\u6781\u529b\u60f3\u4ee5\u4e0d\u4f9d\u9760\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u9769\u547d\u5c11\u6570\u6d3e\u7684\u540d\u4e49\u53bb\u593a\u53d6\u653f\u6743\u7684\u4e3b\u5f20\u3002\u7136\u800c\u8981\u77e5\u9053\uff0c1917\u5e749\u300110\u6708\u95f4\u5f62\u52bf\u7684\u6839\u672c\u5b9e\u8d28\u662f\uff0c<b>\u52b3\u52a8\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u591a\u6570\u7ad9\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u515a\u7684\u4e00\u8fb9<\/b>\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e00\u591a\u6570\u8fd8\u660e\u663e\u5730\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff0c\u4f7f\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u62e5\u62a4\u7684\u515a\u4e2d\u592e\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u627f\u62c5\u8d77\u6b66\u88c5\u8d77\u4e49\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u593a\u53d6\u653f\u6743\uff0c\u53ec\u5f00\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u4f1a\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u5df2\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u9769\u547d\u5408\u6cd5\u5316\u3002\u5c31\u8fd9\u4e00\u5efa\u8bae\u4f88\u8c08\u4ec0\u4e48\u5e03\u6717\u57fa\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u8352\u8c2c\u7edd\u4f26\u5730\u6b6a\u66f2\u57fa\u672c\u653f\u6cbb\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u3002\u8d77\u4e49\u662f\u4e00\u95e8\u827a\u672f\uff1a\u8d77\u4e49\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u5141\u8bb8\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u8f83\u4e3a\u6210\u529f\u7684\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u5219\u662f\u4e0d\u90a3\u4e48\u6210\u529f\u7684\u3002\u5217\u5b81\u76849\u6708\u5efa\u8bae\u65e0\u7591\u6709\u5176\u957f\u5904\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u654c\u4eba\u63aa\u624b\u4e0d\u53ca\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8d77\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u90e8\u961f\u8f6c\u5165\u53cd\u653b\u30029\u6708\u5efa\u8bae\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\u5c31\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4f7f\u654c\u4eba\u63aa\u624b\u4e0d\u53ca\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e5f\u4f7f\u90e8\u5206\u5de5\u4eba\u548c\u536b\u620d\u90e8\u961f\u4e5f\u63aa\u624b\u4e0d\u53ca\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u60f6\u60d1\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u524a\u5f31\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u529b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u4f46\u7eaf\u5c5e\u5b9e\u9645\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u540c\u5e03\u6717\u57fa\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u539f\u5219\u77db\u76fe\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u6ca1\u6709\u91c7\u7eb3\u5217\u5b81\u76849\u6708\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u5728\u5c31\u8be5\u95ee\u9898\u8868\u51b3\u65f6\u6211\u540c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4eba\u6301\u540c\u6837\u7acb\u573a\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5e76\u4e0d\u6d89\u53ca\u5bf9\u6574\u4e2a\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u9488\u7684\u603b\u7684\u786e\u5b9a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u6d89\u53ca\u5e03\u6717\u57fa\u4e3b\u4e49\uff08\uff01\uff01\uff01\uff09\u548c\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6d89\u53ca\u5bf9\u8d77\u4e49\u5b8c\u5168\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u3001\u5728\u76f8\u5f53\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u662f\u6280\u672f\u6027\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u4f30\u8ba1\uff0c\u800c\u8d77\u4e49\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u524d\u63d0\u5219\u786e\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u4e86\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u624d\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u5217\u5b81\u5f53\u65f6\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u201c\u4ece\u5730\u4e0b\u201d\u6765\u4f30\u8ba1\u5f7c\u5f97\u5821\u5f62\u52bf\u7684\u7eaf\u7cb9\u5b9e\u9645\u6761\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title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftn12\" name=\"_ftnref12\"><sup>[12]<\/sup><\/a>\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u5f17\u62c9\u57fa\u7c73\u5c14\u00b7\u4f0a\u91cc\u5947\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u79f0\u4e3a\u8fc7\u201c\u5de6\u201d\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u7528\u4ed6\u6d41\u4ea1\u56fd\u5916\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u4ed6\u7684\u201c\u5de6\u201d\u503e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u9610\u8ff0\u4e86\u5217\u5b81\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u3002<br \/>\n\u51b5\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e00\u88ab\u4e2d\u592e\u65ad\u7136\u62d2\u7edd\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u5bf9\u4e8b\u6001\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u8d77\u4e86\u6b63\u9762\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5217\u5b81\u61c2\u5f97\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u7f3a\u5c11\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u5c0f\u5fc3\u7ffc\u7ffc\uff0c\u8c28\u614e\u4ece\u4e8b\u4ee5\u81f3\u6a2a\u52a0\u963b\u62e6\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u5c3d\u91cf\u65bd\u52a0\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u548c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u515a\u7684\u8d1f\u8d23\u5de5\u4f5c\u4eba\u5458\u90fd\u628a\u6b66\u88c5\u8d77\u4e49\u5f53\u4f5c\u523b\u4e0d\u5bb9\u7f13\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u5217\u5b81\u76849\u6708\u6765\u4fe1\u540c\u5e03\u6717\u57fa\u4e3b\u4e49\uff08\uff01\uff01\uff01\uff09\u6beb\u65e0\u5171\u540c\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u662f\u4ed6\u5f71\u54cd\u515a\u7684\u6574\u5957\u63aa\u65bd\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u662f\u9002\u5f53\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u4fc3\u4f7f\u5927\u5bb6\u66f4\u5177\u4f53\u3001\u66f4\u575a\u5b9a\u3001\u66f4\u52c7\u6562\u5730\u5bf9\u5f85\u8d77\u4e49\u95ee\u9898\u3002<br 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\/>\n\u4e0d\u8a00\u81ea\u660e\uff0c\u5217\u5b81\u7684\u7acb\u573a\u4e0e\u6b64\u6beb\u65e0\u5171\u540c\u4e4b\u5904\u3002\u4ed6\u66fe\u7ecf\u8bf4\u8fc7\uff1a<b>\u9996\u5148<\/b>\u593a\u53d6\u653f\u6743\uff0c<b>\u7136\u540e<\/b>\u518d\u53ec\u5f00\u7acb\u5baa\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\uff0c\u518d\u628a\u5b83\u540c\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u914d\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u5217\u5b81\u7684\u7acb\u573a\u540c\u300a\u8bba\u65f6\u5c40\u300b\u4e00\u4fe1\u4f5c\u8005\u4eec\u7684\u7acb\u573a\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u533a\u522b\u5462\uff1f\u533a\u522b\u5728\u4e8e\u9769\u547d\u7684\u6839\u672c\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<b>\u653f\u6743\u95ee\u9898<\/b>\u3002\u5728\u5217\u5b81\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u7acb\u5baa\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e5f\u597d\uff0c\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u4e5f\u597d\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9636\u7ea7\u6216\u8005\u975e\u6709\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\uff08\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u548c\u519c\u6751\u8d2b\u6c11\uff09\u8054\u76df\u7684\u673a\u5173\uff0c\u7acb\u5baa\u4f1a\u8bae\u540c\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u914d\u5408\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5bf9\u5217\u5b81\u6765\u8bf4\u5177\u6709\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0d\u6280\u672f\u6027\u8d28\u3002\u5728\u53cd\u5bf9\u5217\u5b81\u7684\u4eba\u773c\u91cc\uff0c\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u9636\u7ea7\uff08\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u548c\u8d2b\u6c11\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u7acb\u5baa\u4f1a\u8bae\u5374\u662f\u5404\u6709\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u673a\u5173\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u51fa\u4e8e\u67d0\u79cd\u5e7b\u60f3\uff0c\u5373\u6307\u671b\u65e0\u6743\u7684\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u201c\u4e00\u652f\u5bf9\u51c6\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u592a\u9633\u7a74\u7684\u624b\u67aa\u201d\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u5c06\u4f7f\u5176\u653f\u7b56\u201c\u914d\u5408\u201d\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\uff0c\u624d\u53ef\u80fd\u91c7\u53d6\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b9e\u884c\u914d\u5408\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u65b9\u9488\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u540c\u5e0c\u6cd5\u4ead\u7acb\u573a\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u4e4b\u5904\u3002\u5e0c\u6cd5\u4ead\u5728\u5176\u6700\u4e3a\u201c\u5de6\u201d\u503e\u7684\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u53cd\u5bf9\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u4e13\u653f\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u5c06\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5411\u6709\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u65bd\u538b\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u5373\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e0d\u5f00\u67aa\u7684\u624b\u67aa\u800c\u7eb3\u5165\u5baa\u6cd5\uff01<br \/>\n\u6216\u8005\u6240\u6709\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u8fd8\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\uff1f\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u770b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u5927\u5bb6\u6700\u5177\u6743\u5a01\u7684\u89c1\u8bc1\u4eba\u548c\u9610\u91ca\u8005\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u8bf4\u7684\u3002\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u770b\u5217\u5b81\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u8bf4\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6279\u8bc4\u6211\u7684\u4eba\u80fd\u53ca\u65f6\u800c\u8ba4\u771f\u5730\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u5730\u628a\u8bfb\u8005\u5f04\u7cca\u6d82\u3002\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6253\u5f00\u7b2c14\u5377<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftn13\" name=\"_ftnref13\"><sup>[13]<\/sup><\/a>\uff0c\u5728\u300a\u7ed9\u540c\u5fd7\u4eec\u7684\u4fe1\u300b\uff0810\u670816\u301c17\u65e5\uff09\u4e2d\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e00\u6bb5\u5145\u6ee1\u771f\u77e5\u707c\u89c1\u7684\u8bdd\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u60b2\u7684\u60b2\u89c2\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u80fd\u81ea\u5706\u5176\u8bf4\u3002\u62d2\u7edd\u8d77\u4e49\u5c31\u662f\u62d2\u7edd\u628a\u653f\u6743\u4ea4\u7ed9\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\uff0c\u800c\u628a\u4e00\u5207\u5e0c\u671b\u548c\u671f\u5f85\u90fd\u2018\u4ea4\u7ed9\u2019\u2018\u7b54\u5e94\u2019\u53ec\u5f00\u7acb\u5baa\u4f1a\u8bae\u7684\u5584\u5fc3\u7684\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u3002\u60df\u6709\u5728\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u638c\u63e1\u653f\u6743\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7acb\u5baa\u4f1a\u8bae\u4f1a\u53ec\u5f00\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5b83\u7684\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u96be\u9053\u8fd9\u8fd8\u96be\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u5417\uff1f\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bf4\u8fc7\u51e0\u5343\u904d\u3002\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u8bd5\u56fe\u9a73\u5012\u5b83\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u2018\u914d\u5408\u5f62\u5f0f\u2019\u662f\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u627f\u8ba4\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u73b0\u5728\u6709\u4eba\u4ee5\u2018\u914d\u5408\u5f62\u5f0f\u2019\u4e3a\u6258\u8bcd<b>\u62d2\u7edd<\/b>\u628a\u653f\u6743\u4ea4\u7ed9\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\uff0c\u800c\u4e14<b>\u5077\u5077\u6478\u6478<\/b>\u5730\u5e72\uff0c<b>\u4e0d\u6562<\/b>\u516c\u5f00\u5426\u8ba4\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u53e3\u53f7\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u884c\u4e3a\u5462\uff1f\u80fd\u627e\u5f97\u51fa\u8bae\u4f1a\u7528\u8bed\u6765\u5f62\u5bb9\u8fd9\u79cd\u884c\u4e3a\u5417\uff1f\u6709\u4eba\u4e00\u9488\u89c1\u8840\u5730\u56de\u7b54\u6211\u4eec\u90a3\u4f4d\u60b2\u89c2\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u8bf4\uff1a\u2018\u662f\u4e00\u652f\u6ca1\u6709\u5b50\u5f39\u7684\u624b\u67aa\u5417\uff1f\u2019\u5982\u679c\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u516c\u7136\u6295\u5954\u4e86\u674e\u4f2f\u5c14<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftn14\" name=\"_ftnref14\"><sup>[14]<\/sup><\/a>\u3001\u5510\u6069\u4e4b\u6d41\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u5343\u767e\u6b21\u5730\u5ba3\u79f0\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u662f\u2018\u624b\u67aa\u2019\u5e76\u4e14\u5343\u767e\u6b21\u5730\u6b3a\u9a97\u4e86\u4eba\u6c11\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e0b\u7b80\u76f4\u7b49\u4e8e\u96f6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u662f\u2018\u6709\u5b50\u5f39\u7684\u2019\u624b\u67aa\uff0c\u90a3\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8d77\u4e49\u7684\u6280\u672f\u51c6\u5907\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b50\u5f39\u8981\u5f04\u5230\u624b\uff0c\u624b\u67aa\u8981\u88c5\u4e0a\u5b50\u5f39\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5149\u6709\u5b50\u5f39\u662f\u4e0d\u591f\u7684\u3002\u6216\u8005\u662f\u6295\u5954\u674e\u4f2f\u5c14\u3001\u5510\u6069\u4e4b\u6d41\uff0c\u516c\u5f00\u62d2\u7edd\u2018\u5168\u90e8\u653f\u6743\u5f52\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u2019\u7684\u53e3\u53f7\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u8d77\u4e49\u3002\u4e2d\u95f4\u9053\u8def\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u7684\u3002\u201d\uff08\u7b2c271\u301c276\u9875\uff09\u8bfb\u5230\u8fd9\u6bb5\u632f\u804b\u53d1\u8069\u7684\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u4f7f\u4eba\u611f\u5230\u5217\u5b81\u7b80\u76f4\u50cf\u662f\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u8fd9\u573a\u4e89\u8bba\u5728\u53d1\u8868\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u89c1\u89e3\u3002\u5217\u5b81\u6ca1\u6709\u7b49\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u518d\u5c31\u6b64\u4f5c\u51fa\u89e3\u91ca\u5c31\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5728\u914d\u5408\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u63d0\u6cd5\u4e0b\u6709\u4eba\u201c\u5077\u5077\u6478\u6478\u5730\u201d\u63a8\u51fa\u540c\u5217\u5b81\u4ed6\u6240\u634d\u536b\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u622a\u7136\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u524d\u8a00\u4e2d\u7528\u6781\u4e3a\u6e29\u548c\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u91cd\u590d\u5217\u5b81\u5bf9\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u653f\u6743\u5e76\u5b58\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u201c\u914d\u5408\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u201d\u7684\u8bc4\u8ff0\u65f6\uff0c\u6279\u8bc4\u5bb6\u4eec\u5374\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u6211\u6253\u7740\u5217\u5b81\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u65d7\u5e1c\u5728\u5077\u5077\u6478\u6478\u5730\u63a8\u884c\u2026\u2026\u201c\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u5c82\u4e0d\u662f\u5484\u5484\u602a\u4e8b\uff1f\uff01\u96be\u9053\u8fd9\u4e0d\u6b63\u662f\u63ed\u9732\u4e86\u5728\u515a\u5185\u5236\u9020\u201c\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u5371\u9669\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u5967\u79d8\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u201c\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd\uff08\u5c31\u5176\u65e7\u7684\u3001\u6218\u524d\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u800c\u8a00\uff09\u662f\u6307\u8c03\u548c\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u65e0\u6cd5\u8c03\u548c\u7684\u503e\u5411\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u65e0\u7591\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u4e0d\u593a\u53d6\u653f\u6743\u7684\u914d\u5408\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u5f52\u7ed3\u4e3a\u4e0a\u8ff0\u542b\u4e49\u7684\u201c\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u3002\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u63a8\u884c\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u5728\u4e8b\u8fc7\u5883\u8fc1\u4e4b\u540e\u4ee5\u5b83\u6765\u53cd\u5bf9\u5217\u5b81\u3002<br \/>\n\u6211\u60f3\u5e76\u4e14\u5e0c\u671b\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u95ee\u9898\u4e00\u6e05\u4e8c\u695a\u4e86\u3002\u81f3\u5c11\u6211\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bb2\u5f97\u518d\u6e05\u695a\u4e86\u3002\u8c01\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u66ff\u5217\u5b81\u8bb2\u5f97\u6bd4\u5217\u5b81\u672c\u4eba\u66f4\u6e05\u695a\u3002\u8981\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u6307\u8d23\u6211\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fde\u5171\u9752\u56e2\u5458\u90fd\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u6211\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u5509\uff0c\u5171\u9752\u56e2\u5458\u4eec\u7d27\u968f\u67d0\u4e9b\u8001\u540c\u5fd7\u4e4b\u540e\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u53ea\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u5341\u6708\u9769\u547d\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u95ee\u9898\u5373\u653f\u6743\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u5bf9\u5217\u5b81\u8457\u8ff0\u7814\u8bfb\u5f97\u5f88\u5dee\u6216\u8005\u9886\u4f1a\u5f97\u5f88\u5dee\u3002<br \/>\n\u80fd\u7ed3\u675f\u6211\u4eec\u6574\u4e2a\u4e89\u8bba\u7684\u5217\u5b81\u8fd9\u6bb5\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u914d\u5408\u5f62\u5f0f\u201d\u7684\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u662f10\u6708\u4e2d\u65ec\u5373\u8d77\u4e4910\u5929\u4e4b\u524d\u5199\u51fa\u7684\u3002\u5217\u5b81\u540e\u6765\u56de\u8fc7\u5934\u6765\u8fd8\u8c08\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\u30021917\u5e7412\u670826\u65e5\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u300a\u7ed9\u540c\u5fd7\u4eec\u7684\u4fe1\u300b\u53d1\u8868\u4e24\u4e2a\u534a\u6708\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5341\u6708\u8d77\u4e49\u65e9\u5df2\u8fc7\u53bb\uff0c\u5217\u5b81\u4ee5\u5f7b\u5e95\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u900f\u6790\u529b\u8868\u8ff0\u4e86\u9769\u547d\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u7684\u7acb\u573a\u3002\u653f\u6743\u5df2\u7ecf\u7531\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u6267\u638c\u4e86\u3002\u5217\u5b81\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u7edd\u5bf9\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u4ece\u6765\u4e0d\u613f\u4eba\u4e3a\u5730\u6311\u8d77\u4e1a\u5df2\u5e73\u606f\u7684\u5206\u6b67\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c12\u670826\u65e5\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u7acb\u5baa\u4f1a\u8bae\u53ec\u5f00\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5217\u5b81\u5374\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u518d\u6765\u8c08\u4e00\u8c08\u8fd9\u4e00\u6709\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5217\u5b81\u5173\u4e8e\u7acb\u5baa\u4f1a\u8bae\u7684\u63d0\u7eb2\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u8bf4\u7684\uff1a\u201c\u51e1\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u6216\u95f4\u63a5\u60f3\u4ece\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0a\u5373\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e0a\uff0c\u60f3\u5728\u901a\u5e38\u7684\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u6846\u6846\u5185\u6765\u8003\u8651\u7acb\u5baa\u4f1a\u8bae\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u5230\u9636\u7ea7\u6597\u4e89\u548c\u5185\u6218\uff0c\u90a3\u90fd\u662f\u80cc\u53db\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u4e8b\u4e1a\u548c\u8f6c\u5230\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u7acb\u573a\u4e0a\u53bb\u3002\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u515a\u7684\u5c11\u6570\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u80fd\u6b63\u786e\u8bc4\u4ef7\u5341\u6708\u8d77\u4e49\u548c\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u4e13\u653f\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u800c\u72af\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u9769\u547d\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u5e94\u5c3d\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u5c31\u662f\u8b66\u544a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4eba\u4e0d\u8981\u72af\u8fd9\u79cd\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u201d\uff08\u300a\u5217\u5b81\u5168\u96c6\u300b\u7b2c15\u5377\u7b2c53\u9875<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftn15\" name=\"_ftnref15\"><sup>[15]<\/sup><\/a>\uff09<br 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title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftn16\" name=\"_ftnref16\"><sup>[16]<\/sup><\/a>\uff09\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u5927\u81f4\u7ffb\u9605\u4e00\u4e0b\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u5217\u5b81\u7684\u4e66\u4fe1\u3001\u6587\u7ae0\u548c\u8bb2\u8bdd\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u90fd\u80fd\u4eb3\u4e0d\u56f0\u96be\u5730\u5f97\u51fa\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a\u8d2f\u7a7f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8457\u8ff0\u7684\u4e00\u6761\u7ea2\u7ebf\u662f\uff0c\u628a\u53cd\u5bf9\u6d3e\u5b9a\u6027\u4e3a\u53f3\u503e\uff0c\u5b83\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u5728\u593a\u53d6\u653f\u6743\u4e4b\u524d\u65f6\u671f\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u5bf9\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u653f\u515a\u7684\u538b\u529b\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e00\u5b9a\u6027\u8fd8\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u5c40\u9650\u4e8e\u540c\u53f3\u503e\u53cd\u5bf9\u6d3e\u4f5c\u76f4\u63a5\u5c16\u9510\u6597\u4e89\u7684\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u8bb8\u4e45\u4e4b\u540e\u5217\u5b81\u8fd8\u91cd\u7533\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c1918\u5e742\u6708\u672b\uff0c\u5373\u5341\u6708\u9769\u547d\u5df2\u8fc74\u4e2a\u6708\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u540c\u5de6\u6d3e\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u201c\u6b8b\u9177\u201d\u6597\u4e89\u65f6\uff0c\u5217\u5b81\u628a\u5341\u6708\u53cd\u5bf9\u6d3e\u79f0\u4f5c\u201c\u5341\u6708\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u201d\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u653b\u51fb\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bc4\u4ef7\uff1a\u96be\u9053\u5728\u575a\u5982\u78d0\u77f3\u7684\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u7684\u53cd\u5bf9\u6d3e\u4e2d\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\uff1f\u7136\u800c\u65e2\u7136\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u8bc4\u4ef7\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7406\u7531\u81ea\u7136\u843d\u7a7a\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u653f\u6cbb\u8bc4\u4ef7\u662f\u5217\u5b81\u4f5c\u51fa\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u7ecf\u5217\u5b81\u8bba\u8bc1\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u5168\u515a\u516c\u8ba4\u7684\u3002\u6211\u4e0d\u660e\u767d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u73b0\u5728\u8981\u5bf9\u5b83\u6253\u4e0a\u95ee\u53f7\uff1f<br 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title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftn17\" name=\"_ftnref17\"><sup>[17]<\/sup><\/a>\u8206\u8bba\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5168\u4fc4\u82cf\u54c8\u5217\u592b\u5361\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u670d\u4ece\u4e8e\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u653f\u6743\u5374\u603b\u662f\u5728\u5411\u5f80\u7528\u6781\u7aef\u201c\u975e\u6cd5\u7684\u201d\u3001\u201c\u91ce\u86ee\u7684\u201d\u624b\u6bb5\u593a\u53d6\u653f\u6743\u7684\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u653f\u5e9c\u80fd\u6709\u6240\u6539\u89c2\uff0c\u80fd\u53d8\u6210\u771f\u6b63\u201c\u6587\u660e\u7684\u201d\u3001\u201c\u53ef\u656c\u7684\u201d\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u6743\u4ea6\u5373\u4fdd\u5b88\u7684\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u653f\u6743\u3002\u5982\u679c\u80fd\u591f\u505a\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6211\u56fd\u5c1a\u672a\u6210\u719f\u7684\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u6709\u56fd\u9645\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\uff0c\u90fd\u5c06\u5f88\u4e50\u610f\u5bbd\u6055\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u653f\u6743\u7684\u201c\u975e\u6cd5\u201d\u51fa\u8eab\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u76f8\u4fe1\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u518d\u52a0\u4ee5\u63d0\u53ca\u3002\u7136\u800c\u65e2\u7136\u6211\u4eec\u4e1d\u6beb\u4e5f\u4e0d\u60f3\u6539\u53d8\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9636\u7ea7\u672c\u8d28\uff0c\u65e2\u7136\u6211\u4eec\u4ecd\u6beb\u4e0d\u52a8\u6447\u5730\u4ee5\u9769\u547d\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u5bf9\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u8206\u8bba\u55e4\u4e4b\u4ee5\u9f3b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5fc5\u8981\u5426\u8ba4\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\uff0c\u53bb\u201c\u63a8\u5378\u201d\u81ea\u5df1\u5bf9\u7ea2\u8272\u6050\u6016\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u90a3\u79cd\u60f3\u628a\u8fd9\u4e00\u8d23\u4efb\u63a8\u5378\u7ed9\u2026\u2026\u5217\u5b81\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u5149\u5f69\u7684\u3002\u8c01\u80fd\u628a\u8fd9\u4e00\u8d23\u4efb\u201c\u63a8\u5378\u201d\u7ed9\u5217\u5b81\uff1f\u5217\u5b81\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u627f\u62c5\u7740\u8fd9\u4e00\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u5bf9\u5341\u6708\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u5bf9\u53d8\u9769\uff0c\u5bf9\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u5bf9\u7ea2\u8272\u6050\u6016\uff0c\u5bf9\u56fd\u5185\u6218\u4e89\uff0c\u2014\u2014\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u5217\u5b81\u5728\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u9762\u524d\uff0c\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u9762\u524d\u90fd\u627f\u62c5\u7740\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5c06\u201c\u6c38\u751f\u6c38\u4e16\u201d\u627f\u62c5\u7740\u5b83\u3002\u6216\u8bb8\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bf4\u7684\u662f\u8fc7\u5206\u63aa\u65bd\u548c\u8fc7\u706b\u884c\u4e3a\uff1f\u53ef\u662f\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u5730\u65b9\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u9769\u547d\u4f1a\u6ca1\u6709\u201c\u8fc7\u5206\u63aa\u65bd\u201d\u548c\u201c\u8fc7\u706b\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\u5462\uff1f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u9053\u7406\u5217\u5b81\u66fe\u7ecf\u5bf9\u90a3\u4e9b\u56e0\u4e3a4\u6708\u30017\u6708\u548c10\u6708\u7684\u8fc7\u706b\u884c\u4e3a\u800c\u5927\u60ca\u5931\u8272\u7684\u51e1\u592b\u4fd7\u5b50\u8bb2\u8fc7\u591a\u5c11\u904d\u554a\uff01\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u89e3\u9664\u5217\u5b81\u5bf9\u7ea2\u8272\u6050\u6016\u7684\u201c\u8d23\u4efb\u201d\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u90fd\u4e0d\u884c\uff0c\u8c01\u4e5f\u505a\u4e0d\u5230\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u90a3\u4e9b\u8fc7\u4e8e\u5df4\u7ed3\u7684\u201c\u634d\u536b\u8005\u201d\u4eec\u4e5f\u505a\u4e0d\u5230\u3002\u7ea2\u8272\u6050\u6016\u662f\u9769\u547d\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u7ea2\u8272\u6050\u6016\uff0c\u9769\u547d\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u592d\u6298\u3002\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u6b21\u9769\u547d\u7531\u4e8e\u52b3\u52a8\u7fa4\u4f17\u7684\u610f\u5fd7\u8584\u5f31\u3001\u72b9\u8c6b\u4e0d\u51b3\u548c\u5fc3\u6148\u624b\u8f6f\u800c\u592d\u6298\u4e86\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u515a\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u7ecf\u53d7\u8fc7\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u953b\u70bc\uff0c\u4e5f\u4fdd\u7559\u7740\u5fc3\u6148\u624b\u8f6f\u548c\u9769\u547d\u9ebb\u75f9\u5927\u610f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u50cf\u5217\u5b81\u90a3\u6837\u4e8b\u5148\u5c31\u6df1\u601d\u8fc7\u9769\u547d\u7684\u96be\u4ee5\u7f6e\u4fe1\u7684\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5728\u548c\u5916\u90e8\u7684\u5371\u9669\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u5728\u9769\u547d\u524d\u4e5f\u672a\u66fe\u90a3\u6837\u660e\u786e\u5730\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u4e0d\u9547\u538b\u6709\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\uff0c\u4e0d\u91c7\u53d6\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u6700\u4e25\u5389\u7684\u6050\u6016\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u653f\u6743\u5728\u88ab\u654c\u4eba\u56db\u9762\u5305\u56f4\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5c31\u6c38\u8fdc\u65e0\u6cd5\u575a\u6301\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002\u5217\u5b81\u4e00\u70b9\u4e00\u6ef4\u5730\u704c\u8f93\u7ed9\u81ea\u5df1\u6700\u4eb2\u5bc6\u7684\u6218\u53cb\u4eec\uff0c\u518d\u901a\u8fc7\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e76\u540c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e00\u8d77\u704c\u8f93\u7ed9\u5168\u515a\u548c\u52b3\u52a8\u7fa4\u4f17\u7684\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u8ba4\u8bc6\u548c\u7531\u6b64\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u987d\u5f3a\u6597\u5fd7\u3002\u6211\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u56de\u5fc6\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u8c08\u5230\u7684\u6b63\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002\u6211\u63cf\u7ed8\u4e86\u5217\u5b81\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u9769\u547d\u521d\u671f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\/>\n\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4e5f\u50cf\u67d0\u4e9b\u6279\u5224\u6211\u7684\u4eba\u90a3\u6837\u65e0\u7aef\u6076\u6bd2\u6000\u7591\uff0c\u6211\u6ee1\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff1a\u4e0d\u5e94\u5f53\u5728\u6211\u8fd9\u91cc\u5bfb\u627e\u201c\u65b0\u7ecf\u6d4e\u653f\u7b56\u201d\u503e\u5411\uff0c\u800c\u6070\u6070\u5e94\u5f53\u5728\u90a3\u4e9b\u7adf\u7136\u60f3\u8981\u5426\u5b9a\u7ea2\u8272\u6050\u6016\u7684\u4eba\u90a3\u91cc\u53bb\u5bfb\u627e\u3002\u5018\u82e5\u82cf\u54c8\u5217\u592b\u5361\u90a3\u5e2e\u5bb6\u4f19\u4e2d\u6709\u8c01\u771f\u7684\u76f8\u4fe1\u4e86\u8bf8\u5982\u6b64\u7c7b\u7684\u6307\u8d23\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u56e0\u6b64\u60f3\u5165\u975e\u975e\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ea\u80fd\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u8d23\u6211\u7684\u4eba\u9020\u51fa\u4e86\u82cf\u54c8\u5217\u592b\u5361\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u7684\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u4e3b\u4e49\u5e7d\u7075\u2014\u2014\u7136\u800c\u8fd9\u51b3\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6211\u540c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e7d\u7075\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5171\u540c\u4e4b\u5904\u3002<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">\u203b\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u203b\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u203b<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u5f85\u82cf\u54c8\u5217\u592b\u5361\u2014\u2014\u56fd\u5185\u7684\u4e5f\u597d\uff0c\u4fa8\u5c45\u56fd\u5916\u7684\u4e5f\u597d\u2014\u2014\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u603b\u7684\u8bf4\u6765\u5e94\u5f53\u614e\u4e4b\u53c8\u614e\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5f62\u5f62\u8272\u8272\u7684\u654c\u4eba\u90fd\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u6b67\u3001\u6bcf\u4e00\u573a\u4e89\u8bba\u60b2\u5267\u5174\u9ad8\u91c7\u70c8\uff0c\u90fd\u7aed\u529b\u6269\u5927\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e1d\u88c2\u7f1d\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4e3a\u4e86\u4ece\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4e2d\u5f97\u51fa\u67d0\u4e9b\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff1a\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u660e\u767d\u4ed6\u4eec\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u53ea\u6709\u6709\u5934\u8111\u7684\u654c\u4eba\u7684\u4e25\u8083\u3001\u52a1\u5b9e\u3001\u786e\u51ff\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u624d\u5177\u6709\u5bf9\u75c7\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff1b\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u717d\u8d77\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5206\u6b67\u3001\u5bf9\u4e89\u8bba\u706b\u4e0a\u6d47\u6cb9\u624d\u4e13\u95e8\u70ae\u5236\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\uff1f\u5bf9\u5f85\u4fa8\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u7269\u5c24\u5e94\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4fa8\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u7269\u6ca1\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u653f\u6cbb\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u8bfb\u8005\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5229\u7528\u82cf\u8054\u62a5\u520a\u4e0a\u5bf9\u5b83\u4eec\u89c1\u89e3\u7684\u53cd\u54cd\u6295\u673a\u3002<br \/>\n\u6211\u4e3e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u5f88\u80fd\u8bf4\u660e\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u62a5\u520a\u66fe\u7ecf\u62a5\u9053\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u53bb\u5e74\u4e89\u8bba\u671f\u95f4\u5b5f\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u7684\u300a\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u901a\u62a5\u300b<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftn18\" name=\"_ftnref18\"><sup>[18]<\/sup><\/a>\u6742\u5fd7\u628a\u6781\u5927\u5e0c\u671b\u5bc4\u6258\u5728\u201c\u53cd\u5bf9\u6d3e\u201d\u6216\u5176\u4e2a\u522b\u4eba\u58eb\u8eab\u4e0a\u3002\u6211\u672a\u6838\u5bf9\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u60f3\uff0c\u50cf\u5510\u6069\u4e00\u4f19\u90a3\u79cd\u6bd5\u751f\u5bc4\u5e0c\u671b\u4e8e\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u6c11\u4e3b\u5316\u7684\u3001\u6709\u6d1e\u5bdf\u529b\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u628a\u6ee1\u6000\u5e0c\u671b\u90fd\u5bc4\u6258\u5728\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u515a\u7684\u5b5f\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u5316\u4e0a\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6211\u5b8c\u5168\u5076\u7136\u5730\u7ffb\u9605\u4e86\u5b5f\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u53f3\u7ffc\u7684\u300a\u66d9\u5149\u300b<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftn19\" name=\"_ftnref19\"><sup>[19]<\/sup><\/a>\u6742\u5fd7\u7b2c7\u671f\uff0c\u770b\u5230\u65af\u6377\u00b7\u4f0a\u4e07\u8bfa\u7ef4\u5947<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftn20\" name=\"_ftnref20\"><sup>[20]<\/sup><\/a>\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u5bf9\u5510\u6069\u4e00\u4f19\u5bc4\u5e0c\u671b\u4e8e\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u515a\u8715\u53d8\u6240\u4f5c\u7684\u5982\u4e0b\u6279\u8bc4\uff1a\u201c\u6216\u8bb8\u4ed6\u4eec\uff08\u5510\u6069\u4e00\u4f19\u4eba\uff09\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53cd\u5bf9\u6d3e\u77e5\u9053\u4e00\u4e9b\u522b\u4eba\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5018\u82e5\u4ed6\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u53ea\u662f\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u5728\u4fc4\u5171\u5185\u7684\u53cd\u5bf9\u6d3e\u4e2d\u6709\u6700\u7a7a\u60f3\u7684\u4e13\u653f\u62e5\u62a4\u8005\uff0c\u6700\u6b7b\u786c\u7684\u6b63\u7edf\u4e13\u653f\u6d3e\u3002\u5176\u5f71\u54cd\u624d\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u5de6\u6d3e\u75af\u72c2\u5927\u7206\u53d1\u3001\u53cd\u65b0\u7ecf\u6d4e\u653f\u7b56\u8def\u7ebf\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u5355\u51ed\u884c\u52a8\u7eb2\u9886\u7684\u5b57\u53e5\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u624d\u80fd\u6070\u6070\u4ece\u8fd9\u79cd\u2018\u5341\u6708\u2019\u6b63\u7edf\u6d3e\u4e2d\u533a\u5206\u51fa\u2018\u7531\u4e8e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u5bf9\u51c6\u5907\u6c11\u4e3b\u5730\u53d6\u6d88\u4e13\u653f\u4e8b\u4e1a\u80fd\u2026\u2026\u8d77\u76f8\u5f53\u5927\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u4eba\u58eb\u2019\u5462\uff1f\u884c\u52a8\u7eb2\u9886\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u2018\u5728\u5de5\u4eba\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55\u5e76\u5bfc\u81f4\u9636\u7ea7\u89c9\u609f\u7684\u538b\u529b\u4e4b\u4e0b\u2019\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u7136\u800c\u8fd9\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u4e0d\u7740\u8fb9\u9645\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u672a\u5f85\u5b83\u88ab\u7eb3\u5165\u884c\u52a8\u7eb2\u9886\u5c31\u5df2\u88ab\u751f\u6d3b\u6240\u63a8\u7ffb\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u8fde\u4e32\u6709\u65f6\u751a\u81f3\u63d0\u51fa\u653f\u6cbb\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u7f62\u5de5\u98ce\u6f6e\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4e0b\uff0c\u4fc4\u5171\u53cd\u5bf9\u6d3e\u8981\u7684\u662f\u5f3a\u5316\u4e13\u653f\u3001\u8d44\u4ea7\u8005\u7684\u8840\u548c\u5b9e\u884c\u65b0\u65b9\u9488\u3002\u751f\u6d3b\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u53cd\u5bf9\u6d3e\u662f\u4e13\u653f\u7684\u6700\u6b7b\u5fc3\u584c\u5730\u7684\u717d\u52a8\u8005\uff0c\u800c\u884c\u52a8\u7eb2\u9886\u5374\u8981\u4ece\u4e2d\u533a\u5206\u51fa\u6c11\u4e3b\u5206\u5b50\u6765\u3002\u4e0e\u884c\u52a8\u7eb2\u9886\u5927\u76f8\u5f84\u5ead\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u662f\u591a\u4e48\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u554a\uff01\u201d\uff08\u7b2c197\u9875\uff09<br 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\/>\n\u5b63\u8bfa\u7ef4\u4e5f\u592b\u540c\u5fd7\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5728\u4ed6\u770b\u6765\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u6211\u7684\u8def\u7ebf\u8bf4\u6210\u662f\u53cd\u515a\u8def\u7ebf\u7684\u7f6a\u72b6\u3002<br \/>\n\u6211\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6781\u529b\u60f3\u524a\u5f31\u515a\u5728\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e2d\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u6211\u51b3\u4e0d\u80fd\u63a5\u53d7\u8fd9\u6307\u8d23\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e00\u7b3c\u7edf\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u80fd\u8c08\u5f97\u5341\u5206\u5177\u4f53\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u63d0\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd1\u6765\u4e2d\u592e\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u51b3\u5b9a\u91cd\u65b0\u65ad\u7136\u51b3\u7136\u5730\u53cd\u5bf9\u7531\u515a\u7684\u673a\u5173\u6765\u66ff\u4ee3\u5730\u65b9\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u653f\u6743\u673a\u5173\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u524a\u5f31\u515a\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u5462\uff1f\u4e0d\uff0c\u6b63\u786e\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u4e00\u8def\u7ebf\u53ea\u80fd\u52a0\u5f3a\u5e76\u4e14\u5f3a\u5316\u515a\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4e0d\u5728\u800c\u55bb\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u610f\u89c1\u5206\u6b67\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7eaf\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u610f\u89c1\u5206\u6b67\u5b63\u8bfa\u7ef4\u4e5f\u592b\u540c\u5fd7\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u4e3e\u51fa\u4efb\u4f55\u65b0\u7684\u4f8b\u8bc1\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5206\u6b67\u3002<br 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\/>\n\u6211\u4e0d\u60f3\u53bb\u8c08\u8bf8\u5982\u201c\u4e13\u5bb6\u201d\u3001\u8d22\u653f\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u8ba1\u5212\u7b49\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u73b0\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u53ef\u4f9b\u201c\u4e89\u8bba\u201d\u7684\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4ece\u672a\u4e3a\u91cd\u65b0\u63d0\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u63d0\u4f9b\u4efb\u4f55\u501f\u53e3\u3002<br \/>\n\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u6211\u5bf9\u519c\u6c11\u4f30\u8ba1\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u636e\u8bf4\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u2014\u2014\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u548c\u865a\u6784\u7684\u2014\u2014\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6839\u6e90\u3002\u6211\u4e0d\u60f3\u518d\u8c08\u8fc7\u53bb\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4f1a\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u94bb\u8fdb\u6b7b\u80e1\u540c\u3002\u6211\u4e0d\u60f3\u591a\u8bf4\u6211\u7684\u5e03\u5217\u65af\u7279\u2014\u91cc\u6258\u592b\u65af\u514b\u9519\u8bef\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u671f\u671b\u5fb7\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u8fd0\u52a8\u80fd\u66f4\u5feb\u5730\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u201c\u5ffd\u89c6\u201d\u519c\u6c11\uff08\u6211\u6ca1\u6709\u4f30\u8ba1\u5230\u519c\u6c11\u4f1a\u53c2\u52a0\u9769\u547d\u6218\u4e89\u800c\u9020\u6210\u7684\uff09\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u73b0\u5728\u548c\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5fc5\u987b\u8c08\u4e00\u8c08\u8fd9\u4e00\u57fa\u672c\u6307\u8d23\uff0c\u6a21\u7cca\u4e0d\u6e05\u5374\u4e00\u518d\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u6307\u8d23\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6211\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0d\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5e93\u897f\u5b81<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftn21\" 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class=\"a1\">\u3000\u3000\u4e00\u800c\u518d\uff0c\u518d\u800c\u4e09\u5730\u7247\u800c\u63d0\u51fa\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u5bf9\u519c\u6c11\u4f30\u8ba1\u4e0d\u8db3\u201d\u7684\u6307\u8d23\u5c24\u5176\u6709\u5bb3\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5fc5\u7136\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u5b8c\u5168\u6beb\u65e0\u6839\u636e\uff08\u8fd9\u4e0d\u8a00\u800c\u55bb\uff01\uff09\u7684\u62c5\u5fc3\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u6539\u53d8\u65b9\u9488\u2014\u2014\u7531\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e13\u653f\u8f6c\u5411\u519c\u6c11\u5de5\u4eba\u6c11\u4e3b\u2014\u2014\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u51c6\u5907\u3002\u8fd9\u5f53\u7136\u662f\u80e1\u8bf4\u516b\u9053\uff01\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u515a\u4fdd\u6301\u7740\u5b9e\u884c\u673a\u52a8\u7684\u5b8c\u5168\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u5730\u7531\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u7cfb\u8fdb\u884c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u6539\u9020\u7684\u7eb2\u9886\u56e2\u7ed3\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5927\u5bb6\u5fc5\u987b\u4e07\u4f17\u4e00\u5fc3\u3001\u5f7b\u5e95\u5c65\u884c\u7684\u5217\u5b81\u7684\u4e00\u6761\u4e3b\u8981\u9057\u8bad\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u4e00\u5b9a\u80fd\u52a0\u4ee5\u5c65\u884c\uff01<\/p>\n<p align=\"right\">1924\u5e7411\u6708<\/p>\n<p>\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u300a\u82cf\u8054\u5386\u53f2\u6863\u6848\u9009\u7f16\u300b\u7b2c6\u5377<\/p>\n<hr align=\"left\" size=\"1\" width=\"60%\" \/>\n<p><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a> \u9f50\u8d6b\u6cfd\uff0c\u5c3c\u00b7\u8c22\u00b7\uff081864\u20141926\uff09\u2014\u2014\u5b5f\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u9886\u8896\u4e4b\u4e00\u30021917\u5e74\u4efb\u5f7c\u5f97\u683c\u52d2\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff0c1918\u5e74\u8d77\u662f\u683c\u9c81\u5409\u4e9a\u5b5f\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u653f\u5e9c\u9996\u8111\u3002\u540e\u6d41\u4ea1\u56fd\u5916\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\"><sup>[2]<\/sup><\/a> \u6885\u6797\uff0c\u5f17\u00b7\uff081846\u20141919\uff09\u2014\u2014\u5fb7\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u5de6\u7ffc\u9886\u8896\u548c\u7406\u8bba\u5bb6\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u521b\u5efa\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u653f\u8bba\u5bb6\u548c\u6587\u827a\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\"><sup>[3]<\/sup><\/a> \u300a\u5217\u5b81\u5168\u96c6\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c2\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c29\u5377\uff0c\u7b2c138\u3001144\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\"><sup>[4]<\/sup><\/a> \u300a\u5217\u5b81\u5168\u96c6\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c2\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c29\u5377\uff0c\u7b2c138\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\"><sup>[5]<\/sup><\/a> \u300a\u5217\u5b81\u5168\u96c6\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c2\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c29\u5377\uff0c\u7b2c144\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\"><sup>[6]<\/sup><\/a> \u5e15\u5c14\u4e4c\u65af\uff0c\u4e9a\u00b7\u674e\u00b7\uff081869\u20141924\uff09\u2014\u201419\u4e16\u7eaa90\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\u81f320\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u6309\u8fd1\u5de6\u7ffc\u3002\u4fc4\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u9769\u547d\u671f\u95f4\u5728\u4fc4\u56fd\uff0c\u540c\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u4e00\u8d77\u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u4e0d\u65ad\u9769\u547d\u8bba\u201d\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u671f\u95f4\u4ece\u4e8b\u519b\u706b\u751f\u610f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\"><sup>[7]<\/sup><\/a> \u82cf\u6c49\u8bfa\u592b\uff0c\u5c3c\u00b7\uff081882\u20141940\uff09\u2014\u2014\u4fc4\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u653f\u8bba\u5bb6\u30021903\u5e74\u8d77\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u9769\u547d\u515a\u4eba\uff0c1917\u5e74\u8d77\u662f\u5b5f\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u3002\u4e8c\u6708\u9769\u547d\u540e\u4efb\u5f7c\u5f97\u683c\u52d2\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u6267\u884c\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u59d4\u5458\uff0c\u662f\u300a\u65b0\u751f\u6d3b\u62a5\u300b\u4e3b\u7f16\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5341\u6708\u9769\u547d\u540e\u5728\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u7ecf\u6d4e\u673a\u5173\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u8457\u6709\u591a\u5377\u672c\u300a\u9769\u547d\u672d\u8bb0\u300b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\"><sup>[8]<\/sup><\/a> \u514b\u4f26\u65af\u57fa\uff0c\u4e9a\u00b7\u8d39\u00b7\uff081881\u20141970\uff09\u2014\u2014\u4fc4\u793e\u4f1a\u9769\u547d\u515a\u4eba\u3002\u4e8c\u6708\u9769\u547d\u540e\u4efb\u53f8\u6cd5\u90e8\u957f\u3001\u9646\u6d77\u519b\u90e8\u957f\u3001\u4e34\u65f6\u653f\u5e9c\u603b\u7406\u3001\u6700\u9ad8\u53f8\u4ee4\u7b49\u804c\u3002\u540e\u6d41\u4ea1\u56fd\u5916\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\"><sup>[9]<\/sup><\/a> \u7b56\u5217\u94c1\u91cc\uff0c\u4f0a\u00b7\u683c\u00b7\uff081881\u301c1959\uff09\u2014\u2014\u5b5f\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u9886\u8896\u4e4b\u4e00\u30021917\u5e74\u4efb\u4e34\u65f6\u653f\u5e9c\u90ae\u7535\u90e8\u957f\u548c\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u957f\u30021918\u5e74\u662f\u683c\u9c81\u5409\u4e9a\u5b5f\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u653f\u5e9c\u9996\u8111\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u540e\u6d41\u4ea1\u56fd\u5916\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftnref10\" name=\"_ftn10\"><sup>[10]<\/sup><\/a> \u5510\u6069\uff0c\u8d39\u00b7\u4f9d\uff081871\u20141947\uff09\u2014\u2014\u5b5f\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u9886\u8896\u4e4b\u4e00\u30021917\u5e74\u662f\u5168\u4fc4\u4e2d\u592e\u6267\u884c\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u59d4\u5458\u30021922\u5e74\u88ab\u9a71\u9010\u51fa\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftnref11\" name=\"_ftn11\"><sup>[11]<\/sup><\/a> \u5e03\u6717\u57fa\uff0c\u8def\u00b7\u5965\u00b7\uff081805\u301c1881\uff09\u2014\u2014\u6cd5\u56fd\u5de5\u4eba\u8fd0\u52a8\u6d3b\u52a8\u5bb6\uff0c\u7a7a\u60f3\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u3002\u4e3b\u5f20\u901a\u8fc7\u653f\u6cbb\u9769\u547d\u63a8\u7ffb\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u7edf\u6cbb\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u9769\u547d\u4e13\u653f\u3002\u4f46\u628a\u5e0c\u671b\u5bc4\u6258\u5728\u5c11\u6570\u9769\u547d\u5bb6\u7684\u5bc6\u8c0b\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftnref12\" name=\"_ftn12\"><sup>[12]<\/sup><\/a> \u884c\u6587\u6709\u8bef\uff1a\u6b64\u5904\u6240\u8bf4\u5efa\u8bae\u662f9\u6708\u800c\u4e0d\u662f8\u6708\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u3002\u300a\u5217\u5b81\u5168\u96c6\u300b\u7b2c2\u7248\u7b2c51\u5377\u7b2c28\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftnref13\" name=\"_ftn13\"><sup>[13]<\/sup><\/a> \u300a\u5217\u5b81\u5168\u96c6\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c2\u7248\u7b2c32\u5377\uff0c\u7b2c395\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftnref14\" name=\"_ftn14\"><sup>[14]<\/sup><\/a> \u674e\u4f2f\u5c14\uff0c\u7c73\u00b7\u4f0a\u00b7\uff081880\u301c1937\uff09\u2014\u2014\u5d29\u5f97\u9886\u8896\u4e4b\u2015\uff0c\u5b5f\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u30021917\u5e74\u4efb\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c4a\u4e2d\u592e\u6267\u884c\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4e3b\u5e2d\u56e2\u59d4\u5458\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftnref15\" name=\"_ftn15\"><sup>[15]<\/sup><\/a> \u300a\u5217\u5b81\u5168\u96c6\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c2\u7248\u7b2c33\u5377\uff0c\u7b2c166\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftnref16\" name=\"_ftn16\"><sup>[16]<\/sup><\/a> 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href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftnref19\" name=\"_ftn19\"><sup>[19]<\/sup><\/a> \u300a\u66d9\u5149\u300b\u2014\u2014\u5b5f\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u7684\u51fa\u7248\u7269\uff0c1922\uff5e1925\u5e74\u5728\u67cf\u6797\u51fa\u7248\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftnref20\" name=\"_ftn20\"><sup>[20]<\/sup><\/a> \u6ce2\u5c14\u571f\u76d6\u65af\uff08\u4f0a\u4e07\u8bfa\u7ef4\u5947\uff09\uff0c\u65af\u6377\u00b7\uff081880\uff5e1944\uff09\u2014\u2014\u4fc4\u5b5f\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\uff0c\u653f\u8bba\u5bb6\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/chinese\/trotsky\/mia-chinese-trotsky-192411.htm#_ftnref21\" name=\"_ftn21\"><sup>[21]<\/sup><\/a> 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