{"id":30631,"date":"2021-10-08T12:18:34","date_gmt":"2021-10-08T04:18:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/?p=30631"},"modified":"2021-10-08T15:47:58","modified_gmt":"2021-10-08T07:47:58","slug":"30%e5%b9%b4%e5%89%8d-%e5%8f%8d%e6%88%88%e5%b0%94%e5%b7%b4%e4%b9%94%e5%a4%ab%e6%94%bf%e5%8f%98%e5%a4%b1%e8%b4%a5%e5%bc%95%e8%87%b4%e8%8b%8f%e8%81%94%e8%a7%a3%e4%bd%93","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/2021\/10\/08\/30631\/","title":{"rendered":"30\u5e74\u524d\u2014\u2014\u53cd\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u653f\u53d8\u5931\u8d25\u5f15\u81f4\u82cf\u8054\u89e3\u4f53"},"content":{"rendered":"

1991\u5e748\u670819\u65e5\u2014\u20148\u4eba\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u519b\u653f\u5e9c\u5ba3\u5e03\uff1a\u82cf\u8054\u603b\u4e66\u8bb0\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\uff08Mikhail Gorbachev\uff09\u67d3\u75be\uff0c\u201c\u7d27\u6025\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u201d\u63a5\u7ba1\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e45\u5458\u8fbd\u9614\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u8fd9\u573a\u653f\u53d8\u7684\u5931\u8d25\u4e3a\u82cf\u8054\u89e3\u4f53\u62c9\u5f00\u4e86\u5e8f\u5e55\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

Rob Jones \u2014 \u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u516b\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u76ee\u51fb\u8005\u548c\u4eb2\u5386\u8005\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u66ff\u4ee3\uff08ISA\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\uff09<\/p>\n

1991\u5e748\u670819\u65e5\u7684\u65b0\u95fb\u53d1\u5e03\u4f1a\u4e0a\uff0c\u516b\u540d\u5e74\u8fc8\u7684\u5c06\u9886\u3001\u514b\u683c\u52c3\u5b98\u5458\u548c\u65af\u5927\u6797\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5b98\u50da\u4eec\u5ba3\u5e03\u4e86\u201c\u7d27\u6025\u72b6\u6001\u201d\uff0c\u5374\u65e0\u6cd5\u8ba9\u90a3\u4e9b\u5bc4\u5e0c\u671b\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4eec\u62ef\u6551\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u4eba\u5145\u6ee1\u4fe1\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"
\u4ece\u5de6\u81f3\u53f3\u5206\u522b\u4e3aAlexander Tizyakov, Vasily Starodubtsev, Boris Pugo, Gennady Yanayev, Oleg Baklanov\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u5728\u90a3\u4e2a\u9633\u5149\u660e\u5a9a\u7684\u661f\u671f\u4e00\u65e9\u6668\uff0c\u519b\u653f\u5e9c\u6d3e\u51fa\u7684\u5766\u514b\u7531\u5e74\u8f7b\u7684\u5f81\u53ec\u65b0\u5175\u9a7e\u9a76\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u5728\u88c5\u7532\u4e0a\u8fd8\u6302\u7740\u8868\u793a\u5b66\u4e60\u9a7e\u9a76\u7684\u201cY\u5b57\u724c\u201d\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u9047\u5230\u7ea2\u706f\u5c31\u505c\u4e0b\u6765\uff01\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u6bd4\u8fd9\u66f4\u80fd\u8bf4\u660e\u519b\u653f\u5e9c\u662f\u591a\u4e48\u5730\u4e0e\u5916\u754c\u8131\u8282\u3001\u5b9e\u9645\u652f\u6301\u5ea6\u5982\u6b64\u5730\u4f4e\u3002\u5f53\u5766\u514b\u5230\u8fbe\u7ea2\u573a\u548c\u514b\u91cc\u59c6\u6797\u5bab\u65c1\u8fb9\u7684\u9a6f\u9a6c\u573a\u5e7f\u573a\u5e7f\u573a\u65f6\uff0c\u5766\u514b\u53f8\u673a\u53d1\u73b0\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u9053\u8def\u88ab\u65e0\u8f68\u7535\u8f66\u6321\u4f4f\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7535\u8f66\u88ab\u53f8\u673a\u6545\u610f\u5f04\u574f\uff0c\u5145\u5f53\u4e34\u65f6\u8def\u969c\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"
\u65e0\u8f68\u7535\u8f66\u8857\u5792\u5bf9\u6297\u5766\u514b<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u5bf9\u653f\u53d8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u53cd\u5e94\u5e76\u975e\u6709\u4eba\u523b\u610f\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u3002\u5b98\u5a92\u53ea\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u64ad\u653e\u653f\u53d8\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u7684\u65b0\u95fb\u53d1\u5e03\u4f1a\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7a7f\u63d2\u7740\u82ad\u857e\u821e\u5267\u300a\u5929\u9e45\u6e56\u300b\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u6ca1\u6709\u79fb\u52a8\u7535\u8bdd\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\uff0c\u56fa\u7f51\u7535\u8bdd\u4e5f\u8d85\u8d1f\u8377\u8fd0\u8f6c\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u53ea\u662f\u544a\u8bc9\u670b\u53cb\u3001\u5bb6\u4eba\u548c\u540c\u4e8b\uff0c\u5e76\u5f00\u59cb\u6d8c\u5165\u5e02\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002\u540c\u6837\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u5217\u5b81\u683c\u52d2\uff08\u4eca\u5723\u5f7c\u5f97\u5821\uff09\u548c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e9e\u5927\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u57ce\u5e02\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e2d\u5348\u65f6\u5206\uff0c\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u805a\u96c6\u5728\u9a6f\u9a6c\u573a\u5e7f\u573a\u7684\u4eba\u7fa4\u4e2d\u5f00\u59cb\u6d41\u4f20\u8c23\u8a00\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6c11\u4f17\u4e0e\u5766\u514b\u58eb\u5175\u8c08\u7b11\u98ce\u751f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u628a\u6218\u8f66\u6392\u6210\u4e00\u5217\uff0c\u505c\u5728\u5e9e\u5927\u5b98\u50da\u673a\u6784\u201c\u56fd\u5bb6\u8ba1\u5212\u90e8\u201d\u7684\u5927\u697c\u65c1\uff08\u4eca\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u56fd\u5bb6\u675c\u9a6c\u5927\u697c\uff09\u30026\u6708\u5f53\u9009\u4e3a\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u8054\u90a6\uff0815\u4e2a\u82cf\u8054\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u4e2d\u6700\u5927\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff09\u603b\u7edf\u7684\u53f6\u5229\u94a6\uff0c\u547c\u5401\u53d1\u52a8\u603b\u7f62\u5de5\u3002\u4e0e\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4ed6\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u902e\u6355\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e0e\u4ed6\u7684\u540c\u515a\u4e00\u8d77\u9003\u8fdb\u4e86\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u7684\u767d\u5bab\uff0c\u5373\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u653f\u5e9c\u5927\u697c\u3002\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\uff0c\u4ed6\u53f7\u53ec\u4eba\u4eec\u4fdd\u536b\u767d\u5bab\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"
\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u4eba\u4e0e\u90e8\u961f\u58eb\u5175\u53cb\u597d\u5171\u5904<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u5230\u4e86\u665a\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e0b\u7740\u66b4\u96e8\uff0c\u51e0\u5341\u4e07\u666e\u901a\u7684\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u6c11\u4f17\u8fd8\u662f\u5305\u56f4\u4e86\u5927\u697c\uff0c\u663c\u591c\u4e0d\u505c\uff0c\u8f6e\u756a\u4e0a\u9635\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u653f\u53d8\u6d41\u4ea7\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u5165\u53e3\u5904\u7684\u9053\u8def\u4e0a\u7b51\u8d77\u4e86\u8def\u969c\uff0c\u9a73\u8239\u53f8\u673a\u5c01\u9501\u4e86\u6cbf\u767d\u5bab\u524d\u9762\u6d41\u8fc7\u7684\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u6cb3\uff0c\u4ee5\u963b\u6b62\u8239\u53ea\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u4e86\u89e3\u5230\u653f\u53d8\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u6027\u8d28\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u4e00\u540d\u5728\u79bb\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u7ea650\u516c\u91cc\u7684\u5de5\u5382\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5e74\u8f7b\u94a2\u94c1\u5de5\u4eba\uff0c\u542c\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6d88\u606f\u540e\u5c31\u53bb\u4e0a\u73ed\u4e86\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u53ec\u96c6\u4ed6\u7684\u5de5\u53cb\u4eec\u51fa\u6765\u6297\u8bae\u3002 \u5f53\u4ed6\u5230\u8fbe\u5de5\u5382\u65f6\u5728\u4eec\u53e3\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u514b\u683c\u52c3\u4eba\u5458\uff0c\u4ed6\u88ab\u8b66\u544a\u4e0d\u8981\u518d\u8c08\u8bba\u72ec\u7acb\u5de5\u4f1a\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bf4\u201c\u79e9\u5e8f\u6b63\u5728\u6062\u590d\u201d\u3002\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u90fd\u884c\u4e8b\u4f4e\u8c03\u3002\u4f46\u5230\u4e86\u665a\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ec4\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u961f\uff0c\u5e76\u8bd5\u56fe\u627e\u5230\u6b66\u5668\u6765\u4fdd\u536b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u57ce\u5e02\u3002 \u5c31\u50cf\u5728\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u653f\u53d8\u7b56\u5212\u8005\u5ba3\u5e03\u5b9e\u884c\u5bb5\u7981\uff0c\u5728\u8857\u4e0a\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u902e\u6355\uff0c\u4f46\u6c11\u4f17\u5bf9\u6b64\u7f6e\u82e5\u7f54\u95fb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u653f\u53d8\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u7684\u52a8\u673a\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u4eec\u7ecf\u5e38\u88ab\u8bf4\u6210\u662f\u53cd\u5bf9\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u7684\u201c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6539\u9769\u201d\uff08Perestroika\uff09\u548c\u201c\u5f00\u653e\u653f\u7b56\u201d\uff08Glasnost \uff09\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u653f\u7b56\u6b63\u5728\u5f15\u5bfc\u82cf\u8054\u8d70\u5411\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u590d\u8f9f\u7684\u9053\u8def\u3002\u8fd9\u81f3\u5c11\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7c97\u758f\u7684\u7b80\u5316\u8bba\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u82cf\u8054\u8ba1\u5212\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f7f\u539f\u6765\u843d\u540e\u7684\u4fc4\u56fd\u5728\u5341\u6708\u9769\u547d\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u53d1\u5c55\u51fa\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b9e\u529b\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u80fd\u591f\u6253\u8d25\u5e0c\u7279\u52d2\u653f\u6743\u7684\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u4e00\u8dc3\u6210\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5927\u56fd\u3002\u4f46\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u843d\u540e\u548c\u6b27\u6d32\u9769\u547d\u7684\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u65af\u5927\u6797\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5b98\u50da\u4e3b\u4e49\u53d1\u5c55\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4f7f\u8ba1\u5212\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u6c11\u4e3b\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u6240\u8bf4\uff0c\u6c11\u4e3b\u5bf9\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u5c31\u50cf\u6c27\u6c14\u5bf9\u4eba\u4f53\u4e00\u6837\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002 \u65e9\u671f\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u53ef\u6015\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0d\u5584\u963b\u788d\u4e86\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u5230\u4e8680\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u62e5\u6709\u4e24\u5343\u4e07\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u5bc4\u751f\u5b98\u50da\u673a\u6784\u6210\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u969c\u788d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u4e8e1985\u5e74\u6210\u4e3a\u82cf\u8054\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u603b\u4e66\u8bb0\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u4efb\u547d\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u82cf\u8054\u5b98\u50da\u673a\u6784\u4e2d\u6539\u9769\u6d3e\u7684\u80dc\u5229\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u5982\u679c\u8981\u4fdd\u6301\u5bf9\u6743\u529b\u7684\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u8fdb\u884c\u53d8\u9769\u3002\u53cd\u6297\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u4e1c\u6b27\u8513\u5ef6\uff0c\u6ce2\u5170\u7684\u4e8b\u6001\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u9175\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u4e0a\u53f0\u524d\u7684\u5341\u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u77f3\u6cb9\u4ef7\u683c\u5728\u6bcf\u687660-130\u7f8e\u5143\u4e4b\u95f4\u6447\u6446\u4e0d\u5b9a\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u63a9\u76d6\u4e86\u82cf\u8054\u65e5\u76ca\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5371\u673a\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f46\u57281985\u5e74\uff0c\u6cb9\u4ef7\u5d29\u6e83\u523030\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u5e76\u76f4\u81f380\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\u4e00\u76f4\u4fdd\u6301\u572860\u82f1\u9551\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3002\u82cf\u8054\u4e3a\u652f\u6491\u81c3\u80bf\u7684\u5b98\u50da\u673a\u6784\u548c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u519b\u4e8b\u7efc\u5408\u4f53\u800c\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u51fa\u73b0\u5de8\u5927\u5931\u8861\uff0c\u5e76\u518d\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728\u77f3\u6cb9\u8d44\u91d1\u4e0b\u9690\u85cf\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n

\u201c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6539\u9769\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u5f00\u653e\u653f\u7b56\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u57281986\u5e74\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u6f14\u8bb2\u4e2d\u6982\u8ff0\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u2014\u2014\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u6539\u9769\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5f00\u653e\u201d\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761\u65e8\u5728\u66f4\u65b0\u5b98\u50da\u673a\u6784\u5e76\u4f7f\u4e4b\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u3002\u4ed6\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5141\u8bb8\u5de5\u4eba\u4eec\u5185\u9009\u4e3e\u5de5\u5382\u7ecf\u7406\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u6539\u8fdb\u5b98\u50da\u673a\u6784\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u975e\u515a\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u751a\u81f3\u88ab\u5141\u8bb8\u53c2\u52a0\u9009\u4e3e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e3e\u63aa\u5728\u65e9\u671f\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u867d\u7136\u53cd\u5bf9\u6d3e\u4ecd\u662f\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5458\uff0c \u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u6700\u9ad8\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u4e2d\u63a8\u52a8\u66f4\u6fc0\u8fdb\u7684\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5927\u91cf\u4eba\u7fa4\u805a\u96c6\u5728\u5546\u5e97\u5916\u89c2\u770b\u7535\u89c6\u4e2d\u8bae\u4f1a\u4f1a\u8bae\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u56e0\u7d20\u662f\u5c06\u8bb8\u591a\u56fd\u6709\u4f01\u4e1a\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u201c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8988\u7b97\u201d\uff08khozrachet \uff09\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u81ea\u8d1f\u76c8\u4e8f\u3002\u5de5\u5382\u7ecf\u7406\u4e0d\u518d\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u4f9d\u9760\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8ba1\u5212\u4e2d\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u8ba2\u5355\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u88ab\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e86\u51b3\u5b9a\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u8d44\u91d1\u7684\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u5e76\u4ece\u5916\u90e8\u6765\u6e90\u589e\u52a0\u8d44\u91d1\u30021988\u5e74\uff0c\u4e00\u9879\u5141\u8bb8\u5efa\u7acb\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u7684\u65b0\u6cd5\u5f8b\u88ab\u901a\u8fc7\u3002\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u5e76\u4e0d\u6253\u7b97\u590d\u8f9f\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6765\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u7684\u6539\u9769\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u81ea\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u7684\u9769\u547d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6539\u53d8\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u7edd\u5bf9\u7684\u6df7\u4e71\u30021986\u5e74\u5207\u5c14\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5229\u6838\u7535\u7ad9\u7684\u7206\u70b8\u5f53\u7136\u662f\u707e\u96be\u7684\u6700\u521d\u8ff9\u8c61\u30021988\u5e74\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5730\u533a\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4e00\u573a\u5730\u9707\uff0c\u9020\u62105\u4e07\u4eba\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002 1989\u5e74\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u519b\u961f\u4ece\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u64a4\u519b\u53c8\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u7f9e\u8fb1\u3002 \u4e00\u6b21\u53c8\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u5b98\u50da\u673a\u6784\u7684\u65e0\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u53ef\u6015\u7684\u540e\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"
1989\u5e74\u82cf\u8054\u4ece\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u64a4\u519b<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u8bd5\u56fe\u91cd\u632f\u7ecf\u6d4e\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u4f7f\u7ecf\u6d4e\u9677\u5165\u5d29\u6e83\u3002\u519c\u4ea7\u54c1\u4ef7\u683c\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u653e\u5bbd\u4f7f\u4ef7\u683c\u66b4\u6da8\u3002\u5b98\u50da\u4eec\u4ee5\u653e\u677e\u7ba1\u5236\u4e3a\u85c9\u53e3\uff0c\u5c55\u5f00\u4e86\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u63a0\u593a\u3002\u5f53\u5c40\u7c97\u66b4\u5730\u5b9e\u884c\u7981\u9152\u4ee4\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u9157\u9152\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5374\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u5bb6\u5ead\u9152\u5382\u7684\u7206\u70b8\u6027\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u917f\u9152\u7684\u6750\u6599\u4e5f\u51fa\u73b0\u77ed\u7f3a\u3002\u5546\u5e97\u91cc\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u98df\u7269\u4e86\u3002\u52301990\u5e74\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u57fa\u672c\u98df\u54c1\u5728\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u57ce\u5e02\u751a\u81f3\u8981\u5b9e\u884c\u914d\u7ed9\u5236\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6df7\u4e71\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u65f6\u673a\uff0c\u6070\u597d\u9047\u4e0a\u897f\u65b9\u7ecf\u6d4e\u67d0\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7684\u590d\u82cf\u2014\u2014\u5b98\u50da\u4eec\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u88ab\u201c\u5e02\u573a\u201d\u6a21\u5f0f\u6240\u5438\u5f15\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u5f53\u65f6\u57281990\u5e7411\u6708\u8bf4\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48
\n<\/strong>\u201c\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u6446\u8131\u5371\u673a\u7684\u9014\u5f84\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u79c1\u6709\u5316\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u5e02\u573a\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5371\u9669\u7684\u5e7b\u89c9\u3002\u79c1\u6709\u5316\u5c06\u6270\u4e71\u5e02\u573a\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u975e\u5e38\u8106\u5f31\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u5728\u666e\u904d\u77ed\u7f3a\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u5bfc\u81f4\u60ca\u4eba\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u904f\u5236\u7684\u901a\u8d27\u81a8\u80c0\u3002\u5728\u5f88\u957f\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c06\u5e38\u6001\u5316\u3002\u5728\u5e7f\u6cdb\u8d2b\u56f0\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u79c1\u6709\u5316\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u5c06\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u6765\u4e13\u5236\u4e3b\u4e49\u79d8\u5bc6\u8d44\u672c\u539f\u59cb\u79ef\u7d2f\u5408\u6cd5\u5316\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u90a3\u4e9b\u5e74\u7684\u5de5\u8d3c\u548c\u7f6a\u72af\u624d\u80fd\u63a5\u7ba1\u751f\u4ea7\u8d44\u6599\u3002\u2018\u5bcc\u4eba\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u5bcc\uff0c\u7a77\u4eba\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u7a77\u2019\u3002\u4f01\u4e1a\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u79c1\u4eba\u624b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u5bfc\u81f4\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u7684\u524a\u51cf\u548c\u52b3\u52a8\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u5f3a\u5316\u3002\u5265\u524a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5c06\u8fc5\u901f\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u62e5\u8db8\u5982\u4f55\u9f13\u52a8\u3001\u8bd5\u56fe\u8bf4\u670d\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u79f0\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u50cf\u5728\u745e\u5178\u4e00\u6837\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u9884\u8ba1\u7684\u6700\u597d\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u5d29\u6e83\u5230\u963f\u6839\u5ef7\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u201d\u300a\u5de5\u4eba\u6c11\u4e3b\u300b1990\u5e7411\u6708\u7b2c\u4e00\u53f7<\/p>\n

\u52301990\u5e74\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u4e1c\u6b27\u96c6\u56e2\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5df2\u7ecf\u5d29\u6e83\u4e86\u3002\u6ce2\u5170\u9009\u51fa\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u67cf\u6797\u5899\u88ab\u63a8\u5012\uff0c1990\u5e7412\u670825\u65e5\uff0c\u7f57\u9a6c\u5c3c\u4e9a\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u8d77\u4e49\u63a8\u7ffb\u4e86\u53ef\u618e\u7684\u9f50\u5965\u585e\u65af\u5e93\u72ec\u88c1\u653f\u6743\uff0c\u884c\u5211\u961f\u516c\u5f00\u5904\u51b3\u4e86\u4ed6\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u59bb\u5b50\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u7535\u89c6\u4e0a\u76f4\u64ad\u3002\u5357\u65af\u62c9\u592b\u6b63\u6025\u901f\u6b65\u5411\u89e3\u4f53\u548c\u53ef\u6015\u7684\u79cd\u65cf\u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u653f\u6743\u4e0d\u4ec5\u65e0\u6cd5\u5e72\u9884\u963b\u6b62\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u53ea\u662f\u9f13\u52b1\u4e86\u6574\u4e2a\u82cf\u8054\u4e0d\u6ee1\u60c5\u7eea\u7684\u589e\u957f\u3002\u54c8\u8428\u514b\u65af\u5766\u5730\u533a\u7684\u793a\u5a01\u6d3b\u52a8\u88ab\u6b66\u529b\u9547\u538b\uff0c\u5bf9\u73af\u5883\u72b6\u51b5\u7684\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6297\u8bae\u5e2d\u5377\u4e86\u9ad8\u52a0\u7d22\u548c\u6ce2\u7f57\u7684\u6d77\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u5728\u7eb3\u6208\u5c14\u8bfa-\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u7206\u53d1\u4e86\u79cd\u65cf\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u7fa4\u4f17\u8fd0\u52a8\u5728\u6ce2\u7f57\u7684\u6d77\u56fd\u5bb6\u3001\u6469\u5c14\u591a\u74e6\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u8513\u5ef6\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u51b3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u82cf\u8054\u4e2d\u6700\u5927\u7684\u52a0\u76df\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e5f\u5728\u5931\u53bb\u63a7\u5236\u5730\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u751f\u6d3b\u5fc5\u9700\u54c1\u7684\u666e\u904d\u77ed\u7f3a\u5728\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u5185\u90e8\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u5f3a\u70c8\u4e0d\u6ee1\u3002\u5f53\u77ff\u4e95\u53e3\u7684\u6dcb\u6d74\u5668\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709\u80a5\u7682\u65f6\uff0c\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u77ff\u5de5\u8fd0\u52a8\u7206\u53d1\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"
\u77ff\u5de5\u7f62\u5de5\uff1a\u6a2a\u5e45\u4e0a\u5199\u7740\u201c\u77ff\u5de5\uff01 \u575a\u6301\u5230\u6700\u540e\uff01\u201d\u5e76\u5728\u4e0b\u65b9\u6807\u8bed\u724c\u5199\u4e0a\u201c\u6253\u5012\u5b98\u50da\u201d<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

1989\u5e74\u5728\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u6700\u5317\u90e8\u7684\u6c83\u5c14\u5e93\u5854\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u7f62\u5de5\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e866\u9879\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff1a<\/p>\n

* \u652f\u4ed8\u6240\u6709\u6b20\u85aa\u3002<\/p>\n

* \u5546\u5b9a\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u6316\u7164\u5de5\u8d44\u548c\u52a0\u73ed\u8d39\u3002<\/p>\n

* \u5ba1\u67e5\u751f\u4ea7\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u592a\u9ad8\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

* \u89e3\u51b3\u4e0d\u540c\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5de5\u8d44\u5dee\u5f02\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

* \u5c06\u7164\u77ff\u7684\u884c\u653f\u673a\u6784\u51cf\u5c1140%\u3002<\/p>\n

* \u56e0\u4e3a\u73b0\u4efb\u77ff\u957f\u4e0d\u5f97\u4eba\u5fc3\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u9009\u4e3e\u77ff\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u77ff\u5751\u91cc\u8d34\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8981\u6c42\u540e\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u5728\u4e0b\u9762\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u5e76\u5bf9\u6c83\u5c14\u5e93\u5854\u7164\u77ff\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u7ba1\u7406\u5c42\u8fdb\u884c\u767e\u5206\u767e\u7684\u6e05\u7b97\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f62\u5de5\u50cf\u91ce\u706b\u4e00\u6837\u8513\u5ef6\u5230\u6574\u4e2a\u82cf\u8054\u3002\u8bc9\u6c42\u8fc5\u901f\u6fc0\u8fdb\u5316\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4e0d\u662f\u671d\u7740\u5e02\u573a\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u547c\u5e94\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u53cd\u5bf9\u5b98\u50da\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u9769\u547d\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u786e\u5207\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\u30021989\u5e748\u6708\uff0c\u6c83\u5c14\u5e93\u5854\u5e02\u7f62\u5de5\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7684\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7acb\u573a\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u88ab\u627f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e2d\u638c\u6743\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u6062\u590d\u5bf9\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u3001\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u3001\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u4f1a\u7684\u4fe1\u5fc3\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u6446\u8131\u963b\u788d\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u5b98\u50da\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8d5e\u6210\u53d6\u6d88\u82cf\u8054\u5baa\u6cd5\u7b2c6\u6761\uff08\u8be5\u6761\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6267\u653f\u515a–\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\uff09\u3002\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u515a\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u6253\u5f00\u4e86\u5f00\u653e\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u5927\u95e8\u3002\u4f46\u73b0\u5728\u4ecd\u6709\u6570\u4ee5\u767e\u4e07\u8ba1\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u8ddd\u79bb\u9886\u5bfc\u6838\u5fc3\u5f88\u8fdc\u3002\u4ecd\u7136\u9700\u8981\u793e\u4f1a\u516c\u6b63\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u515a\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u5c06\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u4ece\u4e3b\u8981\u7ba1\u7406\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u6700\u7ec8\u7167\u987e\u4eba\u6c11\u9700\u8981\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u77ff\u5de5\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8bc9\u6c42\u4e00\u822c\u6700\u591a\u53ea\u662f\u8981\u6c42\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u7684\u201c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8988\u7b97\u201d\u653f\u7b56\u5f97\u5230\u6709\u6548\u5730\u6267\u884c\u3002\u540e\u6765\u52a0\u5165\u7684\u66f4\u516c\u5f00\u7684\u4eb2\u5e02\u573a\u8981\u6c42\u662f\u7531\u65b0\u5192\u8d77\u7684\u53cd\u5bf9\u6d3e\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\uff0c\u5f53\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u90fd\u662f\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u51fa\u8eab\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bc9\u6c42\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u7531\u5b98\u65b9\u7684\u515a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6240\u52a0\u5165\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6709\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u653f\u6cbb\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u56fd\u5bb6\u5185\u90e8\u4ee5\u53f6\u5229\u94a6\u4e3a\u9996\u7684\u53cd\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u6d3e\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5f00\u59cb\u4e3b\u5bfc\u77ff\u5de5\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4eb2\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u653f\u53d8\u9886\u8896<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u653f\u53d8\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u65b9\u6848\u663e\u7136\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u963b\u6b62\u5e02\u573a\u5316\u7684\u52a0\u901f\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u58f0\u660e\u4e2d\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u63d0\u53ca\u5230\u5217\u5b81\uff0c\u6216\u62ef\u6551\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u6216\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u66f4\u4e0d\u7528\u8bf4\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u6743\u5229\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5173\u4e8e\u7ed3\u675f\u7269\u4ef7\u4e0a\u6da8\u3001\u5236\u6b62\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6df7\u4e71\u7684\u6c11\u7cb9\u58f0\u660e\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5173\u4e8e\u6d3e\u9063\u5b66\u751f\u548c\u5de5\u4eba\u5927\u961f\u5230\u519c\u6751\u6536\u5272\u5e84\u7a3c\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u4f1a\u662f\u5728\u519b\u961f\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u653f\u53d8\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u751a\u81f3\u6ca1\u6709\u56de\u5230\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u201c\u73b0\u72b6\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u62b1\u6028\u201c\u6df7\u4e71\u3001\u8d38\u7136\u5730\u8d70\u5411\u5e02\u573a\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5229\u5df1\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7206\u53d1\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u547c\u5401\u201c\u91c7\u53d6\u5177\u4f53\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u7ec8\u7ed3\u7eaa\u5f8b\u6da3\u6563\u548c\u5bf9\u4eba\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u76d7\u7a83\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u6539\u5584\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u5f15\u5165\u79e9\u5e8f\u548c\u7eaa\u5f8b\u201d\u3002 \u7528\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u8981\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5fc5\u987b\u5efa\u7acb\u201c\u6df7\u5408\u7ecf\u6d4e\u201d\u3001\u201c\u652f\u6301\u79c1\u8425\u4f01\u4e1a\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u6709\u4e00\u5207\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u9886\u57df\u53d1\u5c55\u751f\u4ea7\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u5c06\u901a\u8fc7\u7ed9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u57ce\u5e02\u5c45\u6c11\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u5757\u571f\u5730\uff08\u6bcf\u4eba15\u516c\u9877\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5c06\u6253\u788e\u56fd\u6709\u548c\u96c6\u4f53\u519c\u573a\uff09\u548c\u53d6\u6d88\u5bf9\u8d27\u7269\u3001\u539f\u6750\u6599\u548c\u8bbe\u5907\u5728\u82cf\u8054\u5883\u5185\u81ea\u7531\u6d41\u52a8\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u9650\u5236\u6765\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n

\u653f\u53d8\u7b56\u5212\u8005\u540e\u6765\u7684\u547d\u9014\u8868\u660e\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u771f\u6b63\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u56e0\u53db\u56fd\u7f6a\u88ab\u6355\u5e76\u53d7\u5ba1\uff0c\u4f46\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u5728\u4e24\u5e74\u5185\u51fa\u72f1\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e0e\u4eca\u5929\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u6297\u8bae\u8005\u7684\u957f\u671f\u5211\u7f5a\u5f62\u6210\u9c9c\u660e\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff01<\/p>\n

\u867d\u7136\u6709\u4e00\u4eba\uff0c\u5373\u524d\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u957f\u666e\u6208\uff08Boris Pugo\uff09\u5728\u7b2c\u4e09\u5929\u81ea\u6740\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u5305\u62ec\u524d\u603b\u7406\u5e15\u592b\u6d1b\u592b\uff08Valentin Pavlov\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u540e\u6765\u5728\u79c1\u4eba\u94f6\u884c\u90e8\u95e8\u5de5\u4f5c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u5bcc\u8c6a\u3002\u5df4\u514b\u62c9\u8bfa\u592b\uff08Oleg Baklanov\uff09\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u5bb6\u706b\u7bad\u5236\u9020\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u8463\u4e8b\u4f1a\u4e3b\u5e2d\u3002\u65af\u5854\u7f57\u675c\u5e03\u65af\u7279\u592b\uff08Vasily Starodubstev\uff09\u6210\u4e86\u5730\u533a\u957f\u5b98\u548c\u519c\u5de5\u4f01\u4e1a\u8054\u76df\u7684\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\u3002\u63d0\u5179\u4e9a\u79d1\u592b\uff08Alexandr Tizyakov\uff09\u6210\u4e3a\u51e0\u4e2a\u5de5\u4e1a\u516c\u53f8\u751a\u81f3\u6295\u8d44\u57fa\u91d1\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8005\u548c\u8463\u4e8b\u3002\u66fe\u4efb\u6700\u9ad8\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u4e3b\u5e2d\u7684\u5362\u57fa\u626c\u8bfa\u592b\uff08Anatoly Lukyanov\uff09\u5728\u653f\u53d8\u540e\u6210\u4e3a\u4e45\u52a0\u8bfa\u592b\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u8054\u90a6\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u7684\u5171\u540c\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u5bb6\u77f3\u6cb9\u548c\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u52d8\u63a2\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u8463\u4e8b\u4f1a\u6210\u5458\u3002\u74e6\u8fde\u5c3c\u79d1\u592b\uff08Valentin Varennikov\uff09\u5728\u5171\u540c\u521b\u5efa\u5927\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u6c11\u65cf\u6c99\u6587\u4e3b\u4e49\u653f\u515a\u201c\u7956\u56fd\u515a\u201d\u4e4b\u524d\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u540d\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5458\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u5b98\u50da\u653f\u6743\u7684\u8fa9\u62a4<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u9a71\u4f7f\u653f\u53d8\u5206\u5b50\u53d1\u52a8\u519b\u4e8b\u653f\u53d8\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u7ef4\u6301\u5b98\u50da\u4e3b\u4e49\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0d\u5584\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u7ecf\u6d4e\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5728\u8fc7\u6e21\u5411\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u671f\u95f4\u7ef4\u6301\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u4e2d\u592e\u96c6\u6743\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u673a\u5668\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u516c\u5f00\u53cd\u5bf9\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u8c08\u5224\u7684\u201c\u65b0\u8054\u76df\u6761\u7ea6\u201d\u5c31\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u8be5\u6761\u7ea6\u5c06\u5927\u5e45\u524a\u51cf\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e2d\u592e \u7684\u6743\u529b\u3002\u524d\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u516d\u4e2a\u52a0\u76df\u5171\u548c\u56fd\uff1a\u6ce2\u7f57\u7684\u6d77\u4e09\u56fd\u3001\u6469\u5c14\u591a\u74e6\u3001\u683c\u9c81\u5409\u4e9a\u548c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5df2\u7ecf\u57281990\u5e74\u5ba3\u5e03\u4ed6\u4eec\u8131\u79bb\u82cf\u8054\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u610f\u613f\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"
\u7acb\u9676\u5b9b\u7684\u6297\u8bae\u8005\u8981\u6c42\u72ec\u7acb\uff081990\u5e74\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u8fbe\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u9879\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5927\u5927\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0e\u4e2d\u592e\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5927\u5bb6\u9664\u4e86\u6709\u5171\u540c\u7684\u603b\u7edf\u3001\u5916\u4ea4\u653f\u7b56\u548c\u519b\u961f\u5916\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u81ea\u7136\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u90fd\u5c06\u5728\u5404\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u4e4b\u4e0b\u3002\u8be5\u63d0\u6848\u57281991\u5e743\u6708\u4ed8\u8bf8\u5168\u6c11\u516c\u51b3\uff0c76%\u7684\u4eba\u6295\u4e86\u8d5e\u6210\u7968\uff0c\u5e76\u539f\u5b9a\u4e8e8\u670820\u65e5\u6700\u7ec8\u7b7e\u7f72\u3002\u7136\u800c\u653f\u53d8\u6253\u65ad\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u5e76\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u6574\u4e2a\u53d1\u5c55\u52a8\u6001\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5bfc\u81f4\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\uff0c\u519b\u653f\u5e9c\u6210\u5458\u51c6\u5907\u4f7f\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u593a\u53d6\u6743\u529b\u3002 \u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u5ba3\u5e03\u4e86\u5bb5\u7981\u4ee4\u3002\u4e09\u5929\u6765\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u8c01\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\u3001\u54ea\u652f\u90e8\u961f\u5165\u57ce\u7b49\u7684\u8c23\u8a00\u56db\u8d77\u3002\u5f53\u5c40\u7b2c\u4e00\u5929\u5c31\u52a8\u5458\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u5766\u514b\u5e08\u548c\u6570\u5343\u540d\u58eb\u5175\u6765\u593a\u53d6\u57ce\u5e02\u3002\u5468\u4e8c\uff0c\u653f\u53d8\u5206\u5b50\u51c6\u5907\u4e86\u201c\u96f7\u9706\u884c\u52a8\u201d\uff1a\u6d3e\u51fa\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5766\u514b\u3001\u4f1e\u5175\u548c\u76f4\u5347\u673a\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u81ed\u540d\u662d\u8457\u7684Alpha\u548cVympel\u7279\u79cd\u4f5c\u6218\u90e8\u961f\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u9632\u66b4\u8b66\u5bdf\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u653b\u5360\u767d\u5bab\u3002\u5305\u62ec\u540e\u6765\u4f5c\u4e3a\u76ae\u8bfa\u5207\u7279\u5f0f\u4eba\u7269\u8fdb\u5165\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u653f\u575b\u7684\u5217\u522b\u5fb7\uff08Lebed\uff09\u5c06\u519b\u5728\u5185\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5b98\u5458\uff0c\u5728\u51b3\u5b9a\u884c\u52a8\u4e4b\u524d\u6e17\u900f\u5230\u767d\u5bab\u5468\u56f4\u7684\u4eba\u7fa4\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bc4\u4f30\u5c40\u52bf\u3002 \u4ed6\u4eec\u4e3a\u6b64\u5f00\u4e86\u7eff\u706f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u653f\u53d8\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u59cb\u6d41\u4ea7\u3002\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u6700\u521d\u7684\u65b0\u95fb\u53d1\u5e03\u4f1a\u4e0a\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u526f\u603b\u7edf\u4e9a\u7eb3\u8036\u592b\uff08Gennady Yanayev\uff09\u7684\u624b\u4e5f\u6296\u5f97\u5f88\u5389\u5bb3\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4ed6\u662f\u559d\u9189\u4e86\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5929\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u628a\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6210\u5458\u5e15\u592b\u6d1b\u592b\uff08Valentin Pavlov\uff09\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u59bb\u5b50\u9001\u51fa\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u559d\u5f97\u592a\u9189\u4e86\u3002\u7279\u79cd\u90e8\u961f\u4e0d\u77e5\u4e3a\u4f55\u6ca1\u6709\u6309\u7167\u547d\u4ee4\u902e\u6355\u53f6\u5229\u94a6\uff0c\u800c\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fdb\u5165\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u7684\u5766\u514b\u5175\u5219\u8fc5\u901f\u5012\u6208\u53bb\u4fdd\u536b\u767d\u5bab\u3002\u5728\u653f\u53d8\u8fdb\u5165\u7b2c\u4e09\u5929\u7684\u51cc\u6668\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4e00\u573a\u6df7\u6218\uff0c\u793a\u5a01\u8005\u8bd5\u56fe\u963b\u6b62\u4e00\u8f86\u5766\u514b\u9a76\u5411\u767d\u5bab\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e09\u540d\u793a\u5a01\u8005\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u7cbe\u9510\u7684\u7279\u79cd\u90e8\u961f\u4e5f\u62d2\u7edd\u6309\u7167\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u519b\u3002\u653f\u53d8\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u5c06\u90e8\u961f\u64a4\u51fa\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53f6\u5229\u94a6\u7684\u89d2\u8272<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u540e\u6765\u6f14\u53d8\u6210\u5173\u4e8e\u653f\u53d8\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u795e\u8bdd\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u603b\u7edf\u53f6\u5229\u94a6\u4ece\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u91c7\u53d6\u679c\u65ad\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u53cd\u5bf9\u653f\u53d8\u3002\u5f53\u5929\u665a\u4e9b\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4ed6\u88ab\u62cd\u5230\u7ad9\u5728\u5854\u66fc\u65af\u5361\u5a05\u5e08\u7684\u4e00\u8f86\u5766\u514b\u4e0a\u5411\u767d\u5bab\u5916\u7684\u4eba\u7fa4\u8bb2\u8bdd\uff0c\u8be5\u5e08\u7684\u6307\u6325\u5b98\u66fe\u627f\u8bfa\u4fdd\u536b\u767d\u5bab\u3002\u4f46\u4e8b\u5b9e\u662f\uff0c\u53f6\u5229\u94a6\u6700\u521d\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u662f\u9003\u5230\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u90ca\u5916\u7684\u5927\u5e84\u56ed\uff0c\u4ed6\u5e0c\u671b\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u7ec4\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u53cd\u5bf9\u6d3e\u653f\u5e9c\u3002\u4ed6\u88ab\u8feb\u8981\u56de\u5230\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u3002\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u548c\u53f6\u5229\u94a6\u5f53\u65f6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9886\u5bfc\u6210\u5458\u7684\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\uff0c\u5411\u5168\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u53d1\u51fa\u7535\u62a5\uff0c\u6307\u793a\u5730\u533a\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\u653f\u5e9c\u652f\u6301\u653f\u53d8\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u90fd\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u4e86\u2014\u2014\u5305\u62ec\u9791\u977c\u65af\u5766\u548c\u8f66\u81e3-\u5370\u53e4\u4ec0\u7b49\u4e3b\u8981\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5171\u548c\u56fd\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4e3b\u8981\u57ce\u5e02\u653f\u5e9c\u3002\u5217\u5b81\u683c\u52d2\u662f\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5916\uff0c\u8be5\u5e02\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u5c42\u575a\u51b3\u53cd\u5bf9\u653f\u53d8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u73b0\u5b9e\u60c5\u51b5\u662f\uff0c\u6c11\u4f17\u53d1\u52a8\u8d77\u4e49\u53cd\u5bf9\u653f\u53d8\u3002\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u5728\u4e0d\u81ea\u89c9\u5730\u81ea\u53d1\u800c\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4eba\u4eec\u53ea\u662f\u6d8c\u5165\u4e86\u5e02\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u7684\u53f8\u673a\u62a5\u5e9f\u65e0\u8f68\u7535\u8f66\u548c\u9a73\u8239\u9a7e\u9a76\u5458\u7684\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5f53\u65f6\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4e24\u5927\u4e3b\u8981\u62a5\u7eb8\u4e4b\u4e00 \u7684\u300a\u6d88\u606f\u62a5\u300b\u5370\u5237\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u4eba\u626e\u6f14\u4e86\u5173\u952e\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5a01\u80c1\u7f62\u5de5\uff0c\u82e5\u679c\u53f6\u5229\u94a6\u4e0d\u53d1\u8868\u53cd\u5bf9\u58f0\u660e\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u5df2\u88ab\u519b\u65b9\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7535\u89c6\u9891\u9053\u4e0a\uff0c\u5458\u5de5\u51b3\u5b9a\u62cd\u6444\u4e9a\u7eb3\u8036\u592b\u63e1\u624b\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e5f\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u524a\u5f31\u653f\u53d8\u8005\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"
\u5217\u5b81\u683c\u52d2\u7fa4\u4f17\u6297\u8bae\u53cd\u5bf9\u653f\u53d8<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u5728\u5217\u5b81\u683c\u52d2\uff0c\u5de8\u578b\u7684\u57fa\u6d1b\u592b\u5de5\u5382\u5de5\u4eba\u7f62\u5de5\u4e86\u3002\u8857\u9053\u4e0a\u793a\u5a01\u8005\u4e4b\u591a\uff0c\u4ee4\u519b\u961f\u751a\u81f3\u6ca1\u6709\u8bd5\u56fe\u5360\u9886\u8fd9\u5ea7\u57ce\u5e02\u3002\u968f\u7740\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u5230\u77ff\u533a\uff0c\u7f62\u5de5\u4e5f\u5f00\u59cb\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u8513\u5ef6\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6700\u521d\u5c11\u6570\u4eba\u7684\u679c\u6562\u4e3e\u63aa\u7ed9\u4e86\u5927\u5bb6\u52c7\u6c14\uff0c\u5e76\u6fc0\u52b1\u4e86\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u52a0\u5165\u3002\u90a3\u4e9b\u5728\u6700\u521d\u51e0\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u5185\u4fdd\u6301\u8c28\u614e\u7684\u4eba\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u6050\u60e7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5230\u4e86\u5468\u4e09\u4e2d\u5348\uff0c\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u5df2\u7ecf\u4f20\u51fa\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u98ce\u58f0\u3002\u5766\u514b\u662f\u8fdb\u8fd8\u662f\u64a4\uff1f\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u600e\u4e48\u4e86\uff1f\u653f\u53d8\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u88ab\u902e\u6355\u4e86\u5417\uff1f\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u653f\u53d8\u5df2\u7ecf\u6d41\u4ea7\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u6765\u3002\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u4e8e\u5468\u56db\u51cc\u6668\u98de\u56de\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u7684\u653f\u53d8\u7b56\u5212\u8005\u88ab\u6355\u3002\u4f46\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u548c\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u90fd\u56e0\u6b64\u906d\u53d7\u4e86\u81f4\u547d\u7684\u91cd\u521b\u3002\u53f6\u5229\u94a6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u603b\u7edf\u63a5\u7ba1\u4e86\u63a7\u5236\u6743\uff0c\u800c\u82cf\u8054 \u4e8e12\u670825\u65e5\u4e5f\u88ab\u5e9f\u6b62\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e3a\u5341\u4e94\u4e2a\u65b0\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fc5\u901f\u590d\u8f9f\u5f00\u8f9f\u4e86\u9053\u8def\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u5341\u5e74\u5bf9\u4e8e\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u4e00\u573a\u707e\u96be\u3002\u638c\u6743\u7684\u5b98\u50da\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u5f3a\u5236\u79c1\u6709\u5316\u3001\u76d7\u7a83\u3001\u63a0\u593a\u56fd\u5bb6\u8d22\u4ea7\u3001\u79cd\u65cf\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u6447\u8eab\u4e00\u53d8\u6210\u4e3a\u65b0\u7684\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u3002 \u7ecf\u6d4e\u906d\u53d7\u4e86\u4ee4\u4eba\u96be\u4ee5\u7f6e\u4fe1\u7684\u5d29\u6e83\u2014\u2014GDP\u4e0b\u964d\u4e8650%\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u901a\u8d27\u81a8\u80c0\u7387\u5728\u4e00\u5ea6\u63a5\u8fd13000%\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u5730\u533a\u5230\u73b0\u5728\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u6062\u590d\u5230\u539f\u6765\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u5de5\u4eba\u901a\u5e38\u8981\u906d\u9047\u8fde\u7eed\u6570\u6708\u7684\u65e0\u85aa\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"
\u767d\u5bab\u95e8\u5916\u6297\u8bae\u6b20\u85aa\u7684\u793a\u5a01\u2014\u20141990\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u4eba\u4eec\u4f4f\u5728\u516c\u5bd3\u91cc\uff0c\u4f46\u4e3a\u4e86\u7701\u94b1\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u662f\u5728\u5916\u9762\u751f\u706b\u505a\u996d\u3002\u6c11\u65cf\u51b2\u7a81\u548c\u6218\u4e89\u5e2d\u5377\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5730\u533a\u2014\u2014\u5854\u5409\u514b\u65af\u5766\u7684\u4e94\u5e74\u5185\u6218\u593a\u8d70\u4e86\u6570\u4e07\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5e76\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86100\u4e07\u96be\u6c11\uff0c\u8f66\u81e3\u7684\u4e24\u6b21\u6218\u4e89\uff081994-1996\u548c1999-2000\uff09\u9020\u6210\u6570\u5341\u4e07\u4eba\u6b7b\u4ea1\u4ee5\u53ca\u6469\u5c14\u591a\u74e6\u3001\u683c\u9c81\u5409\u4e9a\u3001\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u3001\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u548c\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\u90fd\u6709\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u7684\u4ecb\u5165\u3002\u4ec5\u57282000\u5e74\u81f32008\u5e74\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u6bb5\u76f8\u5bf9\u589e\u957f\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"
1995\u5e74\u53f6\u5229\u94a6\u6307\u4f7f\u8f70\u70b8\u540e\u7684\u8f66\u81e3\u9996\u5e9c\u683c\u7f57\u5179\u5c3c<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u5f53\u82cf\u8054\u77ff\u5de5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8d77\u6765\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4e0d\u6ee1\u662f\u53cd\u5bf9\u5b98\u50da\u96c6\u56e2\u53ca\u5176\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u5f53\u4ed6\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8bc9\u6c42\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u4e5f\u662f\u6539\u5584\u7ecf\u6d4e\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u590d\u8f9f\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u4eb2\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u6765\u81ea\u5b98\u50da\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f88\u5927\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u3002\u4f46\u5373\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u516c\u5f00\u4e3b\u5f20\u590d\u8f9f\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6253\u7740\u201c\u6c11\u4e3b\u201d\u7684\u5e4c\u5b50\u628a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e3b\u5f20\u88ab\u5077\u8fd0\u5230\u7fa4\u4f17\u610f\u8bc6\u4e2d\u3002\u6700\u5e38\u542c\u5230\u7684\u547c\u58f0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6765\u81ea\u77ff\u5de5\u7684\u547c\u58f0\uff0c\u662f\u8981\u6c42\u5e9f\u9664\u5baa\u6cd5\u7b2c6\u6761\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u65b0\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u5236\u5ea6\u8fdc\u975e\u6c11\u4e3b\u3002\u591a\u515a\u9009\u4e3e\u5b9e\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u653f\u515a\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u76f8\u5bf9\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u65b0\u95fb\u548c\u4e13\u5236\u653f\u6743\u7684\u8870\u5f31\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u6c11\u4e3b\u201d\u8fd8\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u672a\u80fd\u6301\u7eed\u5341\u5e74\u3002<\/p>\n

1993\u5e74\uff0c\u53f6\u5229\u94a6\u53cd\u5bf9\u653f\u53d8\u7684\u524d\u76df\u53cb\u9c81\u8328\u79d1\u4f0a\uff08Aleksandr Rutskoy\uff09\u548c\u54c8\u65af\u5e03\u62c9\u6258\u592b\uff08Ruslan Khasbulatov\uff09\u9886\u5bfc\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u8bae\u4f1a\u201c\u6700\u9ad8\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u201d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5360\u591a\u6570\u7684\u4e3a\u201c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u7edf\u4e00\u515a\u201d\uff0c\u5176\u6210\u5458\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4eba\u3001\u519b\u65b9\u4eba\u58eb\u548c\u53f3\u7ffc\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u3002 \u4ed6\u4eec\u58f0\u79f0\u62c5\u5fc3\u53f6\u5229\u94a6\u653f\u5e9c\u8fc5\u901f\u5411\u5e02\u573a\u8fc7\u6e21\u7684\u540e\u679c\uff0c\u9c81\u8328\u79d1\u4f0a\u5c06\u5176\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u201c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u706d\u7edd\u201d\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4ed6\u4eec\u6216\u8bb8\u662f\u4e0d\u6ee1\u81ea\u5df1\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u50cf\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u83b7\u5f97\u4e00\u6837\u591a\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u3002\u8bae\u4f1a\u8bd5\u56fe\u524a\u5f31\u53f6\u5229\u94a6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u603b\u7edf\u7684\u6743\u529b\u3002\u8fd9\u573a\u6743\u6597\u53d1\u5c55\u53ea1993\u5e749\u6708\uff0c\u53f6\u5229\u94a6\u4e0b\u4ee4\u6682\u505c\u5e76\u56f4\u653b\u767d\u5bab\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"
1993\u5e74\u53f6\u5229\u94a6\u653f\u53d8\u540e\u7684\u767d\u5bab<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u4fdd\u536b\u767d\u5bab\u7684\u793a\u5a01\u6d3b\u52a8\u7531\u5947\u602a\u7684\u8054\u76df\u6240\u53d1\u8d77\uff0c\u5f53\u4e2d\u6709\u771f\u8bda\u4f46\u7531\u53cd\u52a8\u52bf\u529b\u4e3b\u5bfc\u5e76\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u72b6\u51b5\u4e0d\u6ee1\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u3001\u4e5f\u6709\u7531\u524d\u9632\u66b4\u8b66\u5bdf\u90e8\u961f\u548c\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u201c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u6c11\u65cf\u56e2\u7ed3\u4f1a\u201d\u975e\u5b98\u65b9\u5730\u53c2\u4e0e\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u201c\u4fc4\u5171\u515a\u4eba\u201d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0e\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u8054\u76df\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u6709\u77db\u76fe\uff01\u5728\u8b66\u5bdf\u548c\u767d\u5bab\u5468\u56f4\u7684\u4eba\u53d1\u751f\u51b2\u7a81\u5931\u53bb\u63a7\u5236\u540e\uff0c\u793a\u5a01\u8005\u51b2\u8fdb\u4e86\u7535\u89c6\u53f0\u5927\u697c\u3002\u5f53\u5929\u665a\u4e0a\uff0c\u53f6\u5229\u94a6\u6d3e\u51fa\u5766\u514b\u70ae\u51fb\u767d\u5bab\uff0c\u5230\u5468\u672b\u65f6\uff0c\u5df2\u6709\u6570\u767e\u4eba\u4e27\u751f\uff08\u5b98\u65b9\u627f\u8ba4\u6709147\u4eba\u6b7b\u4ea1\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u540d\u8a89\u626b\u5730\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u5236\u5ea6<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u8bb8\u591a\u5de5\u4eba\u5f00\u59cb\u4e0d\u628a\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u6c11\u4e3b\u201d\uff08\u4fc4\u8bed\u8bfb\u97f3demo<\/strong>kratiya\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u662f \u201c\u72d7\u5c4e\u653f\u6cbb\u201d\uff08\u4fc4\u8bed\u8bfb\u97f3dermo<\/strong>kratiya\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u6bb5\u8bb0\u5fc6\u524a\u5f31\u4e86\u6574\u6574\u4e00\u4ee3\u4eba\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0e\u72ec\u88c1\u4e3b\u4e49\u4f5c\u6597\u4e89\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u3002\u201c\u6c11\u4e3b\u201d\u7684\u6062\u590d\u4e0e\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u8d2b\u56f0\u3001\u79cd\u65cf\u51b2\u7a81\u548c\u4e0d\u540c\u9636\u5c42\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u7cbe\u82f1\u4e89\u593a\u524d\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u8d22\u5bcc\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u76f8\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u6301\u7eed\u52301999\u5e74\u7684\u53f6\u5229\u94a6\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u662f\u6df7\u4e71\u548c\u5d29\u574f\u3002\u603b\u7edf\u672c\u4eba\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u9189\u91ba\u91ba\u3001\u6b65\u5c65\u8e52\u8dda\u7684\u7b28\u86cb\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u662f\u590d\u8f9f\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5fc5\u8981\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u65e7\u82cf\u8054\u56fd\u5bb6\u6b8b\u4f59\u7684\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u4f53\u3002\u7531\u53f6\u5229\u94a6\u4eb2\u81ea\u63d0\u62d4\u63a5\u4efb\u7684\u666e\u4eac\u4e4b\u540e\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u8981\u91cd\u5efa\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u800c\u4e13\u5236\u7684\u65b0\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e3a\u65b0\u5174\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u5229\u76ca\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u4eca\uff0c\u666e\u4eac\u6267\u653f\u5df2\u7ecf22\u5e74\u4e86\uff0c\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u7684\u5e74\u8f7b\u5de5\u4eba\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u957f\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u53d7\u8fc7\u53bb\u5305\u88b1\u7684\u675f\u7f1a\uff0c\u51b3\u5fc3\u8981\u4e0e\u4e13\u5236\u7edf\u6cbb\u548c\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u4f5c\u6597\u4e89\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5141\u8bb8\u65b0\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u5b98\u50da\u5316\u548c\u72ec\u88c1\u7684\u524d\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u590d\u5236\u54c1\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u6709\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u8a00\u8bba\u548c\u9009\u62e9\u4e2a\u4eba\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u6709\u8d22\u5bcc\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u516c\u5171\u6240\u6709\u6743\uff0c\u5404\u6c11\u65cf\u4eab\u6709\u5145\u5206\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u51b3\u6743\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u5728\u4ee3\u8868\u5e7f\u5927\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u6c11\u9009\u673a\u6784\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u7b26\u5408\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1991\u5e748\u670819\u65e5\u2014\u20148\u4eba\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u519b\u653f\u5e9c\u5ba3\u5e03\uff1a\u82cf\u8054\u603b\u4e66\u8bb0\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\uff08Mikhail Gorbachev\uff09\u67d3\u75be\uff0c\u201c\u7d27\u6025\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u201d\u63a5\u7ba1\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e45\u5458\u8fbd\u9614\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u8fd9\u573a\u653f\u53d8\u7684\u5931\u8d25\u4e3a\u82cf\u8054\u89e3\u4f53\u62c9\u5f00\u4e86\u5e8f\u5e55\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":30625,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[406,410],"tags":[37177,2197,37178],"class_list":{"0":"post-30631","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-406","8":"category-410","9":"tag-37177","10":"tag-2197","11":"tag-37178"},"yoast_head":"\n30\u5e74\u524d\u2014\u2014\u53cd\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u653f\u53d8\u5931\u8d25\u5f15\u81f4\u82cf\u8054\u89e3\u4f53 - \u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u5de5\u8bba\u575b China Worker<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u65b0\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5c06\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u6709\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u8a00\u8bba\u548c\u9009\u62e9\u4e2a\u4eba\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u6709\u8d22\u5bcc\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u516c\u5171\u6240\u6709\u6743\uff0c\u5404\u6c11\u65cf\u4eab\u6709\u5145\u5206\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u51b3\u6743\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u5728\u4ee3\u8868\u5e7f\u5927\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u6c11\u9009\u673a\u6784\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u7b26\u5408\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u3002\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/2021\/10\/08\/30631\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"30\u5e74\u524d\u2014\u2014\u53cd\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u653f\u53d8\u5931\u8d25\u5f15\u81f4\u82cf\u8054\u89e3\u4f53 - \u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u5de5\u8bba\u575b China Worker\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u65b0\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5c06\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u6709\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u8a00\u8bba\u548c\u9009\u62e9\u4e2a\u4eba\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u6709\u8d22\u5bcc\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u516c\u5171\u6240\u6709\u6743\uff0c\u5404\u6c11\u65cf\u4eab\u6709\u5145\u5206\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u51b3\u6743\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u5728\u4ee3\u8868\u5e7f\u5927\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u6c11\u9009\u673a\u6784\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u7b26\u5408\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u3002\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/2021\/10\/08\/30631\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u5de5\u8bba\u575b China Worker\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/SocialistAction\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-10-08T04:18:34+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-10-08T07:47:58+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/media1.chinaworker.info\/2021\/10\/11.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"330\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"330\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"-\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u4f5c\u8005\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"-\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u9884\u8ba1\u9605\u8bfb\u65f6\u95f4\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 \u5206\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/2021\\\/10\\\/08\\\/30631\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/2021\\\/10\\\/08\\\/30631\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"-\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/d04f65d784347c9071efdf48f7338c4f\"},\"headline\":\"30\u5e74\u524d\u2014\u2014\u53cd\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u653f\u53d8\u5931\u8d25\u5f15\u81f4\u82cf\u8054\u89e3\u4f53\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-10-08T04:18:34+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-10-08T07:47:58+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/2021\\\/10\\\/08\\\/30631\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":123,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/2021\\\/10\\\/08\\\/30631\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/media1.chinaworker.info\\\/2021\\\/10\\\/11.png\",\"keywords\":[\"\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\",\"\u82cf\u8054\",\"\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\"],\"articleSection\":[\"\u4e13\u9898\",\"\u5386\u53f2\"],\"inLanguage\":\"zh-Hans\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/2021\\\/10\\\/08\\\/30631\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/2021\\\/10\\\/08\\\/30631\\\/\",\"name\":\"30\u5e74\u524d\u2014\u2014\u53cd\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u653f\u53d8\u5931\u8d25\u5f15\u81f4\u82cf\u8054\u89e3\u4f53 - \u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u5de5\u8bba\u575b China Worker\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/2021\\\/10\\\/08\\\/30631\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/2021\\\/10\\\/08\\\/30631\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/media1.chinaworker.info\\\/2021\\\/10\\\/11.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-10-08T04:18:34+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-10-08T07:47:58+00:00\",\"description\":\"\u65b0\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5c06\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u6709\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u8a00\u8bba\u548c\u9009\u62e9\u4e2a\u4eba\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u6709\u8d22\u5bcc\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u516c\u5171\u6240\u6709\u6743\uff0c\u5404\u6c11\u65cf\u4eab\u6709\u5145\u5206\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u51b3\u6743\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u5728\u4ee3\u8868\u5e7f\u5927\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u6c11\u9009\u673a\u6784\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u7b26\u5408\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u3002\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/2021\\\/10\\\/08\\\/30631\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"zh-Hans\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/2021\\\/10\\\/08\\\/30631\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"zh-Hans\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/2021\\\/10\\\/08\\\/30631\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/media1.chinaworker.info\\\/2021\\\/10\\\/11.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/media1.chinaworker.info\\\/2021\\\/10\\\/11.png\",\"width\":330,\"height\":330},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/2021\\\/10\\\/08\\\/30631\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"\u9996\u9801\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/%e9%a6%96%e9%a1%b5\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"30\u5e74\u524d\u2014\u2014\u53cd\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u653f\u53d8\u5931\u8d25\u5f15\u81f4\u82cf\u8054\u89e3\u4f53\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/\",\"name\":\"\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u884c\u52d5\",\"description\":\"\u56e2\u7ed3\uff0e\u6597\u4e89\uff0e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"zh-Hans\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Chinaworker.info\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"zh-Hans\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/media1.chinaworker.info\\\/2021\\\/04\\\/logo-sa.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/media1.chinaworker.info\\\/2021\\\/04\\\/logo-sa.png\",\"width\":120,\"height\":126,\"caption\":\"Chinaworker.info\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/SocialistAction\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instagram.com\\\/socialistactionhk\\\/\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/d04f65d784347c9071efdf48f7338c4f\",\"name\":\"-\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"zh-Hans\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/35c1e6925e0d620d80515f466191216adb533dcf3fa7d66aa80493d3356b403a?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/35c1e6925e0d620d80515f466191216adb533dcf3fa7d66aa80493d3356b403a?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/35c1e6925e0d620d80515f466191216adb533dcf3fa7d66aa80493d3356b403a?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"-\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/chinaworker.info\\\/zh-hans\\\/author\\\/nathan\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"30\u5e74\u524d\u2014\u2014\u53cd\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u653f\u53d8\u5931\u8d25\u5f15\u81f4\u82cf\u8054\u89e3\u4f53 - \u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u5de5\u8bba\u575b China Worker","description":"\u65b0\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5c06\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u6709\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u8a00\u8bba\u548c\u9009\u62e9\u4e2a\u4eba\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u6709\u8d22\u5bcc\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u516c\u5171\u6240\u6709\u6743\uff0c\u5404\u6c11\u65cf\u4eab\u6709\u5145\u5206\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u51b3\u6743\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u5728\u4ee3\u8868\u5e7f\u5927\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u6c11\u9009\u673a\u6784\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u7b26\u5408\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u3002","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/2021\/10\/08\/30631\/","og_locale":"zh_CN","og_type":"article","og_title":"30\u5e74\u524d\u2014\u2014\u53cd\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u653f\u53d8\u5931\u8d25\u5f15\u81f4\u82cf\u8054\u89e3\u4f53 - \u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u5de5\u8bba\u575b China Worker","og_description":"\u65b0\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5c06\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u6709\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u8a00\u8bba\u548c\u9009\u62e9\u4e2a\u4eba\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u6709\u8d22\u5bcc\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u516c\u5171\u6240\u6709\u6743\uff0c\u5404\u6c11\u65cf\u4eab\u6709\u5145\u5206\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u51b3\u6743\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u5728\u4ee3\u8868\u5e7f\u5927\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u6c11\u9009\u673a\u6784\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u7b26\u5408\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u3002","og_url":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/2021\/10\/08\/30631\/","og_site_name":"\u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u5de5\u8bba\u575b China Worker","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/SocialistAction","article_published_time":"2021-10-08T04:18:34+00:00","article_modified_time":"2021-10-08T07:47:58+00:00","og_image":[{"width":330,"height":330,"url":"https:\/\/media1.chinaworker.info\/2021\/10\/11.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"-","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u4f5c\u8005":"-","\u9884\u8ba1\u9605\u8bfb\u65f6\u95f4":"3 \u5206"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/2021\/10\/08\/30631\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/2021\/10\/08\/30631\/"},"author":{"name":"-","@id":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/#\/schema\/person\/d04f65d784347c9071efdf48f7338c4f"},"headline":"30\u5e74\u524d\u2014\u2014\u53cd\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u653f\u53d8\u5931\u8d25\u5f15\u81f4\u82cf\u8054\u89e3\u4f53","datePublished":"2021-10-08T04:18:34+00:00","dateModified":"2021-10-08T07:47:58+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/2021\/10\/08\/30631\/"},"wordCount":123,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/2021\/10\/08\/30631\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/media1.chinaworker.info\/2021\/10\/11.png","keywords":["\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b","\u82cf\u8054","\u83ab\u65af\u79d1"],"articleSection":["\u4e13\u9898","\u5386\u53f2"],"inLanguage":"zh-Hans"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/2021\/10\/08\/30631\/","url":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/2021\/10\/08\/30631\/","name":"30\u5e74\u524d\u2014\u2014\u53cd\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u653f\u53d8\u5931\u8d25\u5f15\u81f4\u82cf\u8054\u89e3\u4f53 - \u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u5de5\u8bba\u575b China Worker","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/2021\/10\/08\/30631\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/2021\/10\/08\/30631\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/media1.chinaworker.info\/2021\/10\/11.png","datePublished":"2021-10-08T04:18:34+00:00","dateModified":"2021-10-08T07:47:58+00:00","description":"\u65b0\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5c06\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u6709\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u8a00\u8bba\u548c\u9009\u62e9\u4e2a\u4eba\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u6709\u8d22\u5bcc\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u516c\u5171\u6240\u6709\u6743\uff0c\u5404\u6c11\u65cf\u4eab\u6709\u5145\u5206\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u51b3\u6743\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u5728\u4ee3\u8868\u5e7f\u5927\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u6c11\u9009\u673a\u6784\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u7b26\u5408\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u3002","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/2021\/10\/08\/30631\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"zh-Hans","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/2021\/10\/08\/30631\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"zh-Hans","@id":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/2021\/10\/08\/30631\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/media1.chinaworker.info\/2021\/10\/11.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/media1.chinaworker.info\/2021\/10\/11.png","width":330,"height":330},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/2021\/10\/08\/30631\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"\u9996\u9801","item":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/%e9%a6%96%e9%a1%b5\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"30\u5e74\u524d\u2014\u2014\u53cd\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u653f\u53d8\u5931\u8d25\u5f15\u81f4\u82cf\u8054\u89e3\u4f53"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/#website","url":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/","name":"\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u884c\u52d5","description":"\u56e2\u7ed3\uff0e\u6597\u4e89\uff0e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"zh-Hans"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/#organization","name":"Chinaworker.info","url":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"zh-Hans","@id":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/media1.chinaworker.info\/2021\/04\/logo-sa.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/media1.chinaworker.info\/2021\/04\/logo-sa.png","width":120,"height":126,"caption":"Chinaworker.info"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/SocialistAction","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/socialistactionhk\/"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/#\/schema\/person\/d04f65d784347c9071efdf48f7338c4f","name":"-","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"zh-Hans","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/35c1e6925e0d620d80515f466191216adb533dcf3fa7d66aa80493d3356b403a?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/35c1e6925e0d620d80515f466191216adb533dcf3fa7d66aa80493d3356b403a?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/35c1e6925e0d620d80515f466191216adb533dcf3fa7d66aa80493d3356b403a?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"-"},"url":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/author\/nathan\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30631","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30631"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30631\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30640,"href":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30631\/revisions\/30640"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/30625"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30631"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30631"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30631"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}