{"id":3410,"date":"2008-05-26T12:00:20","date_gmt":"2008-05-26T12:00:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/shehuizhuyizhe.com\/?p=3410"},"modified":"2015-01-15T15:12:34","modified_gmt":"2015-01-15T07:12:34","slug":"%e9%9d%a9%e5%91%bd%e7%9a%841968","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hans\/2008\/05\/26\/3410\/","title":{"rendered":"\u9769\u547d\u76841968"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1><strong style=\"font-size: 13px;\">\u8fd9\u662f\u7fa4\u4f17\u7684\u9769\u547d\u9ad8\u6f6e\u626b\u6e05\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u72ed\u9698\u9650\u5236\u5e76\u52a8\u6447\u5176\u5236\u5ea6\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u6df7\u4e71\u7684\u4e00\u5e74<\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 13px;\">\u3002<\/span><\/h1>\n<div>\u5f7c\u5f97-\u5854\u6590\uff08Peter 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Kennedy\uff09\u5ba3\u5e03\u4ed6\u5c06\u53c2\u52a01968\u5e74\u603b\u7edf\u7ade\u9009\uff0c\u4f46\u540e\u6765\u4ed6\u906d\u5230\u4e86\u4e0e\u9a6c\u4e01-\u8def\u5fb7-\u91d1\u540c\u6837\u7684\u547d\u8fd0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5f53\u5e748\u6708\u62e5\u6709\u7279\u6743\u7684\u82cf\u8054\u5b98\u50da\u7cbe\u82f1\u8c03\u52a8\u4e8620\u4e07\u534e\u6c99\u6761\u7ea6\u7684\u519b\u961f\u9547\u538b\u4e86\u201c\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u4e4b\u6625\u201d\u3002\u51e0\u5929\u540e\u7f8e\u56fd\u5b66\u751f\u4eec\u88ab\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u5e02\u957f\u6234\u83b1\uff08Daley\uff09\u7684\u201c\u6c11\u4e3b\u201d\u653f\u7b56\u6240\u9547\u538b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u54ed\u558a\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u6b63\u770b\u7740\u201d\u3002\u5bf9\u8fd9\u9769\u547d\u4e4b\u5e74\u6709\u5f3a\u70c8\u8bbd\u523a\u5730\u662f\u5c3c\u514b\u677e\u51ed\u501f\u5176\u865a\u4f2a\u7684\u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u5149\u8363\u800c\u548c\u5e73\u201d\u7684\u653f\u7b56\uff08peace with 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Square\uff09\u6e38\u884c\u793a\u5a01\u53cd\u5bf9\u8d8a\u6218\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9a9a\u52a8\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u53d1\u8fbe\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u56fd\u5bb6\u91cc\u3002\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9a\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd-\u901a\u8fc7\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u2018\u6587\u5316\u5927\u9769\u547d\u2019\uff0c\u5728\u5df4\u57fa\u65af\u5766\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u5de5\u519c\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e0e\u540c\u65f6\u5728\u6cd5\u56fd\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u6709\u76f8\u4f3c\u4e4b\u5904\u2014\u53cd\u5bf9\u7684\u6d6a\u6f6e\u89e6\u53ca\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5404\u89d2\u843d\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u88ab\u5267\u70c8\u9707\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1968\u5e74\u4e5f\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u6587\u5316\u590d\u5174\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u4f5c\u5bb6\u3001\u97f3\u4e50\u5bb6\u3001\u5b66\u751f\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u9636\u5c42\u3002\u4f46\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u57281945\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u9636\u6bb5\u5185\u5728\u770b\u4f3c\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u5236\u5ea6\u2018\u91cd\u751f\u2019\u800c\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u7a33\u5b9a\u548c\u6b7b\u6c14\u6c89\u6c89\u4e2d\uff0c\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u91cd\u65b0\u8d70\u4e0a\u4e86\u524d\u53f0\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u51b3\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u5fd8\u8bb01968\u5e74\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u9769\u547d\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba11950\u5e74\uff0d1975\u5e74\u95f4\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7e41\u8363\u4e5f\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4f7f\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u7b4b\u4e27\u5931\u6597\u5fd7\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u6b63\u5982Paul 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Fukiyama\uff09\u4f46\u5927\u591a\u6570\u8fd9\u4e9b\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u90fd\u9ed8\u8bb8\u9636\u7ea7\u6597\u4e89\u5df2\u7ecf\u6b7b\u53bb\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u5728\u6b63\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u65e5\u5e38\u6240\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u201c\u91d1\u878d\u4f53\u5236\u201d\u65e5\u76ca\u8870\u9000\u7684\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u5982\u300a\u4f26\u6566\u4e66\u8bc4\u300b\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u671f\u520a\u8fd8\u4e0d\u65ad\u5728\u6587\u7ae0\u63d0\u53ca\u201c\u540e\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u65f6\u4ee3\u201d\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u4e2a\u9690\u853d\u7684\u8f7b\u89c6\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u3002Alain Badiou\u5728\u300a\u65b0\u5de6\u6d3e\u8bc4\u8bba\u300b\uff08New Left Review\uff09\u4e2d\u63d0\u52301968\u5e74\u9057\u4ea7\u65f6\u7adf\u4ee4\u4eba\u96be\u4ee5\u7f6e\u4fe1\u7684\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u5de5\u4eba\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u5927\u4f17\u6c11\u4e3b\uff0c\u5217\u5b81\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u653f\u515a\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u56fd\u5bb6\u2014\u2014\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b20\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u53d1\u660e\u6982\u5ff5\u2014\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u518d\u6709\u771f\u6b63\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4f5c\u7528\u4e86\u3002\u201d\uff08\u300a\u65b0\u5de6\u6d3e\u8bc4\u8bba\u300b2008\u5e741-2\u6708\uff0c\u300a\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u5047\u8bf4\u300b\u201cThe Communist Hypothesis\u201d\uff09\u7136\u800c\u5982\u679c\u8981\u4ece1968\u5e74\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u5176\u7531\u4e8e\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u7fa4\u4f17\u6027\u201c\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u653f\u515a\u201d\u800c\u4f7f\u6cd5\u56fd\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u7834\u574f\u4e86\u9769\u547d\u3002\u6b64\u5916\u73b0\u5728\u4e0d\u5efa\u7acb\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u652f\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u672a\u6765\u4e5f\u5c06\u4f1a\u4e27\u5931\u6709\u5229\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u3002\u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\u4ece\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u7684\u7fa4\u4f17\u6027\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u7206\u53d1\u2014\u53ef\u80fd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u81ea20\u4e16\u7eaa30\u5e74\u4ee3\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5927\u8427\u6761\u4ee5\u6765\u6700\u4e25\u91cd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8870\u9000\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u2014\u2014\u5c06\u8feb\u4f7f\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u9636\u5c42\u6b63\u5982\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u6240\u505a\u7684\u53bb\u9002\u5e94\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e2d\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u5c06\u629b\u5f03\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u7acb\u573a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u9769\u547d\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u4ece\u601d\u60f3\u4e0a\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u548c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u51c6\u5907\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e861968\u5e74\u90a3\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u548c\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u662f\u6301\u6709\u6cdb\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u6216\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5de5\u5382\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u573a\u6240\u81ea\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u7684\u4e0d\u6ee1\u800c\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u53cd\u54cd\u4ee5\u53ca\u81f3\u5c11\u4ece\u7ecf\u6d4e\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a\u4e1c\u6b27\u548c\u524d\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u7ecf\u6d4e\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u53d7\u5230\u5b98\u50da\u4e3b\u4e49\u5316\u548c\u4e00\u515a\u6781\u6743\u6240\u8d25\u574f\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u76db\u884c\u89c2\u70b9\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5176\u672c\u8eab\u4f9d\u9760\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u9636\u5c42\uff0c\u800c\u5e76\u975e\u57fa\u4e8e\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u6216\u8005\u5bc4\u5e0c\u671b\u4e8e\u4f8b\u59821968\u5e745-6\u6708\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5728\u6cd5\u56fd\u7206\u53d1\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5355\u72ec\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u3002\u57281967\u5e74\u65b0\u5e74\u524d\u591c\uff0c78\u5c81\u7684\u6cd5\u56fd\u603b\u7edf\u6234\u9ad8\u4e50\u8bf4\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u8fce\u63a5\u2018\u5b81\u9759\u20191968\u5e74\u201d\uff0c\u4e3a\u53cd\u6620\u6cd5\u56fd\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u4fe1\u5fc3\uff0c\u4ed6\u7ee7\u7eed\u8bf4\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u4eca\u65e5\u6cd5\u56fd\u518d\u770b\u5230\u8fc7\u53bb\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u9020\u6210\u762b\u75ea\u7684\u5371\u673a\u201dSean O\u2019Hagan\u5728\u300a\u89c2\u5bdf\u5bb6\u62a5\u300b\uff08the Observer\uff09\u4e2d\u8bc4\u8bba\u9053\uff1a\u201c6\u4e2a\u6708\u540e\u6234\u9ad8\u4e50\u5374\u5728\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u751f\u547d\u800c\u6323\u624e\u3002\u6cd5\u56fd\u9996\u90fd\u7531\u4e8e\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6570\u5468\u5b66\u751f\u66b4\u52a8\u4ee5\u53ca\u968f\u540e\u7684\u7a81\u7136\u6027\u603b\u7f62\u5de5\u800c\u9677\u5165\u762b\u75ea\u3002\u5728\u4e94\u6708\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u661f\u671f\u6cd5\u56fd\u7531\u2018\u5b81\u9759\u2019\u4e4b\u65c5\u8f6c\u5411\u63a5\u8fd1\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f1968\u5e74\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5f53\u7fa4\u4f17\u6297\u8bae\u8fd0\u52a8\u5728\u5168\u7403\u7206\u53d1\uff0c\u4ece\u5df4\u9ece\u5230\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\uff0c\u4ece\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u57ce\u5230\u9a6c\u5fb7\u91cc\uff0c\u4ece\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u5230\u4f26\u6566\u201d\u3002\uff082008\u5e741\u670820\u65e5\u300a\u89c2\u5bdf\u5bb6\u62a5\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u6765\u5230\u8def\u969c\u300b\u201cEveryone to the barricades\u201d\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5076\u7136\u5728\u6cd5\u56fd\u7206\u53d1\u7684\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u90bb\u8fd1\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u5982\u5fb7\u56fd\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5173\u4e8e\u5b66\u751f\u662f\u201c\u5bfc\u706b\u7d22\u201d\u7684\u65f6\u9ae6\u7406\u8bba\u2014\u2014\u5176\u8ba4\u4e3a\u90a3\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4e3a\u4e86\u70b9\u71c3\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u9769\u547d\u800c\u4e0e\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u56fd\u5bb6\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u5bf9\u6297\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u2014\u2014\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u9769\u547d\u5e94\u8be5\u9996\u5148\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u3002\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0e\u6cd5\u56fd\u540c\u6837\u89c4\u6a21\u751a\u81f3\u66f4\u6fc0\u70c8\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u57281967\u5e74\u5fb7\u56fd\u6297\u8bae\u5b66\u751f\u672c\u8bfa\u6602\u5c3c\u7d22\u683c\uff08Benno Ohnesorg\uff09\u88ab\u8b66\u5bdf\u51fb\u6bd9\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u5927\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u9769\u547d\u5e76\u4f7f\u5fb7\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5b66\u751f\u8054\u76df(SDS)\u5d1b\u8d77\u3002\u4e00\u540d\u5fb7\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5b66\u751f\u8054\u76df\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u9c81\u8fea\u675c\u5947\u514b\uff08Rudi Dutschke\uff09\u4e5f\u57281968\u5e744\u6708\u88ab\u5b50\u5f39\u51fb\u4e2d\u5934\u90e8\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u5176\u6c38\u4e45\u6027\u65e0\u6cd5\u6cbb\u6108\u7684\u521b\u4f24\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u540c\u6837\u7684\u6709\u5a01\u80c1\u6027\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e5f\u5728\u6cd5\u56fd\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u7136\u800c\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u6234\u9ad8\u4e50\u534a\u72ec\u88c1\u7684\u7b2c\u4e94\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u524d\u671f\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u96be\u4ee5\u5fcd\u53d7\u7684\u7d27\u5f20\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5927\u578b\u5de5\u5382\u751a\u81f3\u6709\u6b66\u88c5\u8b66\u536b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u606b\u5413\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u6cd5\u56fd\u5982\u540c\u6c99\u7687\u60c5\u62a5\u673a\u6784\u4e8e1917\u5e74\u9769\u547d\u524d\u6240\u505a\u7684\u8bc4\u8bba\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u201c\u4e00\u6839\u610f\u5916\u629b\u4e0b\u7684\u706b\u67f4\u201d\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u53d1\u7206\u70b8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8981\u7d20\u7531\u4e8e\u6b8b\u9177\u7684\u9547\u538b\u548c\u6bb4\u6253\u5b66\u751f\u800c\u5f15\u53d1\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u4e0a\u767e\u4e07\u5de5\u4eba\u4e3e\u884c\u4e86\u603b\u7f62\u5de5\u2014\u2014\u90a3\u662f\u52c9\u5f3a\u88ab\u5de5\u4f1a\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u6240\u53f7\u53ec\u7684\u2014\u8fd9\u8fdb\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5de5\u4eba\u56de\u53bb\u5360\u9886\u5de5\u5382\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u9769\u547d\u3002\u5728\u90a3\u65f6\u5de5\u4eba\u662f\u9769\u547d\u7684\u5148\u950b\u961f\u662f\u6cd5\u56fd\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8bb2\u53d1\u5c55\u7a0b\u5ea6\u9ad8\u4e8e\u6cd5\u56fd\u7684\u610f\u5927\u5229\u2014\u2014\u5728\u90a3\u65f6\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u9769\u547d\u7684\u201c\u661f\u661f\u4e4b\u706b\u201d\u5c1a\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fc3\u4f7f\u5982\u53d1\u751f\u548c\u6cd5\u56fd\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u6cd5\u56fd\u6210\u529f\u4e86\u2014\u2014\u5176\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u6b63\u5982\u5728Clare Doyle\u7684\u6709\u5de8\u5927\u542f\u53d1\u6027\u7684\u300a1968\u5e74\u6cd5\u56fd\u7684\u9769\u547d\u4e4b\u6708\uff08France 1968 \u2013 Month of Revolution\uff09\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u2014\u2014\u90a3\u4e48\u67cf\u6797\uff0c\u7c73\u5170\u548c\u90fd\u7075\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u4f26\u6566\u90fd\u5c06\u52a0\u5165\u5230\u8fd9\u573a\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u751a\u81f3\u4e8e\u20181968\u5e74\u4ee3\u2019\u81ea\u5df1\u5982\u5854\u91cc\u514b\u963f\u91cc(Tariq Ali)\u4f4e\u4f30\u4e86\u5f53\u65f6\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u5c40\u52bf\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd1\u6765\u4e5f\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff1a\u201c\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u9a9a\u4e71\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u53ea\u662f\u4e2a\u63d2\u66f2\u3002\u201d\uff082008\u5e743\u670822\u65e5\uff0c\u300a\u536b\u62a5\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u6124\u6012\u5c06\u5411\u4f55\u5904\u53bb\u300b\u201cWhere has all the rage gone?\u201d\uff09\u751a\u81f3\u5728Mick Jagger\u7684\u6b4c\u66f2\u201c\u8857\u4e0a\u6218\u6597\u7740\u7684\u7537\u4eba\u201d\uff08Street Fighting Man\uff09\u4e2d\u4e5f\u547c\u5e94\u8be5\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u5176\u5531\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u5728\u6c89\u7761\u7684\u4f26\u6566\u57ce\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709\u4e3a\u8857\u5934\u6218\u6597\u51c6\u5907\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u201d\u3002<br \/>\n<strong><br 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7\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u8b66\u544a\u6027\u7f62\u5de5\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u653f\u5e9c\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63aa\u65bd\u4e0a\u540e\u9000\u7684\u8bdd\u90a3\u4e48\u5c06\u4f1a\u56e0\u5185\u9601\u7684\u516c\u5f00\u5206\u88c2\u800c\u5d29\u6e83\uff0c\u5c06\u5bfc\u81f4\u5f62\u6210\u7c7b\u4f3c1931\u5e74\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53ea\u8981\u662f\u91cd\u65b0\u56de\u987e\u90a3\u65f6\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5c31\u53ef\u8868\u660e\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u5de5\u515a\u6bd4\u90a3\u65f6\u5019\u79bb\u4e86\u591a\u8fdc\u3002\u82f1\u56fd\u5f53\u65f6\u6839\u672c\u7684\u5f62\u52bf\u662f\u9762\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u6210\u529f\u7684\u6cd5\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u5c06\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\u548c\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u71c3\u8d77\u71ce\u539f\u4e4b\u706b\u3002\u82f1\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u5728\u53d1\u9175\uff0c\u5de5\u515a\u90e8\u957f\u88ab\u4eba\u4eec\u5632\u8bbd\u548c\u5bfb\u8845\uff0c\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u7684\u6c7d\u8f66\u88ab\u635f\u574f\uff0c\u201c\u7531\u4e8e\u6c7d\u8f66\u5f15\u64ce\u88ab\u7838\u7834\uff0c\u5176\u5e7f\u64ad\u7535\u53f0\u548c\u65e0\u7ebf\u7535\u8bdd\u88ab\u5207\u65ad\u3002\u201d\uff08Harold Wilson\u7684\u300a1967-1970\u5e74\u7684\u5de5\u515a\u653f\u5e9c\u300b\uff0c1917\u5e74\u7248\u7b2c567\u9875\uff09\u5916\u4ea4\u5927\u81e3\u65af\u7279\u74e6\u7279\uff08Michael Stewart\uff09\u5f53\u65f6\u5728\u725b\u6d25\u5927\u5b66\u8bb2\u8bdd\u652f\u6301\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u7acb\u573a\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u906d\u5230\u4e86\u53cd\u5bf9\uff0c\u636e\u4ed6\u56de\u5fc6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5f53\u6211\u8d77\u7acb\u53d1\u8a00\u65f6\u4ed6\u4eec\u7a81\u7136\u51fa\u73b0\u5f00\u59cb\u9ad8\u558a\u2018\u80e1\uff0c\u80e1\uff0c\u80e1\u5fd7\u660e\uff01\u2019\u5e76\u4e0d\u51c6\u5907\u505c\u6b62\u3002\u4e3b\u5e2d\u5411\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u5e0c\u82a9\u65af\uff08Christopher Hitchens\uff09\u53d1\u51fa\u547c\u5401\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u7b54\u590d\u662f\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u77e5\u9053\u6709\u4eba\u4f1a\u8bf4\u4ec0\u4e48\u5e76\u77e5\u9053\u90a3\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u7684\uff0c\u4f60\u6709\u6743\u4fdd\u62a4\u89c2\u4f17\u4e0d\u88ab\u8bef\u5bfc\u3002\u201d(\u65af\u56fe\u74e6\u7279\uff08Michael Stewart\uff09\uff0c\u300a\u751f\u547d\u4e0e\u52b3\u5de5\uff1a\u81ea\u4f20\u300b1980\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c155\u9875)\u3002\u540c\u6837\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e0c\u82a9\u65af\uff0c\u6b64\u540e\u6210\u4e3a\u56fd\u9645\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6210\u5458(\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5de5\u4eba\u515aSWP\u7684\u524d\u8eab)\uff0c\u800c\u5982\u4eca\u5374\u5728\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u6742\u5fd7\u4e0a\u5199\u4e00\u4e9b\u65a5\u8d23\u6027\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u6765\u634d\u536b\u5e03\u4ec0\u7684\u4f0a\u62c9\u514b\u6218\u4e89\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\u6b63\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u524d\u6240\u8bf4\uff0c\u53cd\u5bf9\u8d8a\u6218\u6700\u7ec8\u57281968\u5e74\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u793a\u5a01\u3002\u6b64\u59165-6\u6708\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u79cd\u79cd\u5f71\u54cd\u5728\u90a3\u65f6\u5de5\u515a\u7684\u7279\u522b\u9996\u8111\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u53cd\u54cd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u514b\u7f57\u65af\u66fc\uff08Richard Crossman\uff09\u90a3\u65f6\u7ad9\u5728\u5de5\u515a\u5de6\u7ffc\u8bf4\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u96be\u9053\u4e0d\u662f\u5904\u5728\u9769\u547d\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5b83\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u529f\u5417? \u6211\u4e00\u76f4\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u81ea1848\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\u975e\u5e38\u5174\u594b\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u53d1\u73b0\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u7ecf\u5386\u81ea\u5927\u6218\u4ee5\u6765\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u5e74\u3002\u5f53\u4e1c\u897f\u65b9\u94c1\u5e55\u964d\u4e0b\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7edf\u6cbb\u5f53\u5c40\u6b63\u9762\u4e34\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u800c\u4ece\u5e95\u5c42\u53d1\u5c55\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u8bae\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u53cd\u5bf9\u8bae\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\uff0c\u57281848\u5e74\u90a3\u662f\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u5982\u4eca\u8fd9\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u5be1\u5934\u7edf\u6cbb\uff1b\u8bae\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4f53\u5236\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u897f\u65b9\u7edf\u6cbb\u5f53\u5c40\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u6210\u4e3a\u4e1c\u65b9\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u5f53\u5c40\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e74\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u53cd\u6297\u90fd\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u53cd\u5bf9\u7edf\u6cbb\u5f53\u5c40\u3002\u5947\u602a\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u60f3\u5230\u8fd9\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5fe7\u90c1\u8fdc\u53bb\u4e86\u3002(\u300a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u9601\u90e8\u957f\u7684\u65e5\u8bb0\u300b\uff0c1977\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u537776-77\u9875)<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u610f\u5927\u5229\u7684\u65e5\u76ca\u6fc0\u8fdb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u91cd\u4e2d\u4e4b\u91cd\uff0c\u60f3\u8c61\u4e00\u4e0b\u6108\u6765\u6108\u5feb\u7684\u8109\u640f\u7684\u8df3\u52a8\uff1b\u4e8e\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u6e34\u671b\uff0c\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u542f\u660e\u4e4b\u5149\u8de8\u8d8a\u5e74\u9752\u4eba\u4e0e\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u5728\u90bb\u8fd1\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u9694\u9602\uff0c\u4e94\u6708-\u516d\u6708\u4ef6\u6240\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5982\u96f7\u9e23\u822c\u54cd\u5f7b\u4e91\u9704\u3002\u610f\u5927\u5229\u7684\u8457\u540d\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6Paul Ginsborg\u540e\u6765\u5c061968\u5e74\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4e0e\u88ab\u5176\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u7684\u7279\u522b\u662f1969\u5e74\u201c\u706b\u70ed\u4e4b\u79cb\u201d\u7684\u9769\u547d\u7206\u53d1\u7ed3\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u53d9\u5199\u3002\u4ed6\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u90a3\u662f\u6700\u4e0d\u5e73\u51e1\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u52a8\u8361\u671f\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u96c6\u4f53\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u9ad8\u5cf0\u671f\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u671f\u95f4\u610f\u5927\u5229\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\u90fd\u906d\u5230\u6311\u6218\u3002\u5728\u610f\u5927\u5229\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5355\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u6bd4\u6709\u9769\u547d\u6f5c\u529b\u76841968\u5e74\u6cd5\u56fd\u4e94\u6708\u98ce\u66b4\u5e26\u6765\uff08\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff09\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u610f\u5927\u5229\u7684\u6297\u8bae\u8fd0\u52a8\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\u662f\u6700\u6df1\u523b\u548c\u957f\u4e45\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u4ece\u5b66\u6821\u548c\u5927\u5b66\u6269\u6563\u5230\u5de5\u5382\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u6574\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0a\u3002\u201d\uff08Paul Ginsborg, \u300a\u73b0\u4ee3\u610f\u5927\u5229\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u300bA History of Contemporary Italy, \u7b2c298\u9875\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u5de6\u7ffc\u62a5\u7eb8Il Manifesto\u7684\u521b\u529e\u7f16\u8f91\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684Rossana Rossanda\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u4e86\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u5979\u5bf91969\u5e746\u6708\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u81ea\u76f8\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u662f\u610f\u5927\u52291969\u5e74\u7684\u2018\u706b\u70ed\u4e4b\u79cb\u2019\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u901a\u5e38\u5047\u671f\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u83f2\u4e9a\u7279\u5de5\u5382\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5360\u9886\u7684\u5e26\u5934\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c8\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de5\u5382\u88ab\u5de5\u4eba\u5360\u9886\u3002\u7136\u800c\u610f\u5927\u5229\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\uff08PCI\uff09\u5374\u5b8c\u5168\u5c06\u76ee\u5149\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u5f00\u9664\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e0a\u3002\u2018\u706b\u70ed\u4e4b\u79cb\u2019\u662f\u6218\u540e\u5728\u6700\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u548c\u6700\u5177\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u4ea7\u4e1a\u6597\u4e89\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u7f62\u5de5\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5de5\u4eba\u5c06\u7ba1\u7406\u5c42\u8d76\u8d70\u5b8c\u5168\u638c\u63e1\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u4e86\u6574\u4e2a\u751f\u4ea7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u5728\u6570\u5341\u5e74\u538b\u8feb\u4e0b\u6709\u4e30\u5bcc\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u5e72\u90e8\u4eec\u6240\u4e3a\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u5f80\u5f80\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u8d44\u5386\u7684\u9752\u5e74\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u5176\u6210\u957f\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u6df7\u4e71\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u91c7\u7eb3\u4e86\u4e00\u5e74\u524d\u7684\u58f0\u52bf\u58ee\u5927\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u6297\u8bae\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b9\u5f0f\u5e76\u5c06\u5b83\u8fdb\u884c\u6539\u9020\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u5426\u662f\u4e00\u573a\u9769\u547d\uff1f\u9752\u5e74\u5de5\u4eba\u4eec\u601d\u7d22\u7740\uff0c\u5f53\u4ed6\u4eec\u7a7f\u8fc7\u5927\u95e8\u8fdb\u5165\u5de5\u5382\u5e76\u63a5\u7ba1\u88c5\u914d\u7ebf\u65f6\u5019\u3002\u51b3\u5b9a\u50cf\u706b\u661f\u6389\u5728\u690d\u7269\u4e0a\u4e00\u6837\u5f88\u5feb\u4f20\u64ad\u5f00\u6765\uff1a\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e3a\u6539\u53d8\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u73af\u5883\u800c\u6597\u4e89\u4f7f\u5b83\u4eec\u638c\u63e1\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u624b\u4e2d\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u6446\u8131\u4e86\u670d\u4ece\u7684\u65e7\u4e60\u3002\u5f53\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u96c6\u4f1a\u53d1\u8a00\u65f6\uff0c\u5de5\u4f1a\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u4e0e\u6700\u4f4e\u7b49\u7ea7\u7684\u6280\u672f\u5de5\u4eba\u4e00\u6837\u4e3a\u62ff\u5230\u9ea6\u514b\u98ce\u800c\u6392\u961f\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u4e00\u5e74\u524dOd\u00e9on\u5728\u5df4\u9ece\u4e00\u6837\u2014\u2014\u4f46\u662f\u5e76\u975e\u5982\u90a3\u6b21\u4e00\u6837\u4e2a\u4eba\u5316\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5730\u76d8\u4e0a\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e8b\u60c5\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u80fd\u5e72\u4ee5\u53ca\u5e94\u8be5\u600e\u6837\u505a\u3002\u5bf9\u906d\u5230\u6781\u5927\u6311\u6218\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u800c\u8a00\u98ce\u9669\u662f\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u3002\u5a92\u4f53\u4eec\u662f\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8d77\u521d\u5f88\u6b23\u559c\u5730\u770b\u5230\u610f\u5927\u5229\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u548c\u5de5\u4f1a\u9003\u907f\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u540e\u6765\u5374\u56e0\u6b64\u611f\u5230\u4e86\u6050\u60e7\u3002\u201d\uff08Rossana Rossanda, \u300a\u6765\u81ea\u7c73\u5170\u7684\u540c\u5fd7\u300bThe Comrade from Milan, \u300a\u65b0\u5de6\u6d3e\u8bc4\u8bba\u300b\uff0c2008\u5e741-2\u6708\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4f7f\u610f\u5927\u5229\u7edf\u6cbb\u9636\u7ea7\u9677\u5165\u4e86\u6050\u614c\uff1a\u201c\u8bb8\u591a\u5e74\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c73\u5170\u80a1\u7968\u4ea4\u6613\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7ecf\u7eaa\u4ebaAldo Ravelli\u4f9b\u53d9\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u6c14\u6c1b\u5f81\u5146\uff0c\u4ed6\u6ca1\u6709\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u9677\u5165\u6050\u614c\uff1a\u2018\u6211\u544a\u8bc9\u4f60\u4e00\u4e9b\u5173\u4e8e\u90a3\u65f6\u6c14\u6c1b\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u6211\u4f30\u6d4b\u6211\u9700\u8981\u591a\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u80fd\u4ece\u6211\u5bb6\u91cc\u5f92\u6b65\u9003\u5230\u745e\u58eb\u2019\u3002\u201d\uff08 Paul Ginsborg, Italy and its Discontents, 1980-2001, \u7b2c40\u9875\uff09\u4f46\u4ed6\u4ece\u6ca1\u6709\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u53bb\u5b9e\u884c\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u610f\u5927\u5229\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u7fa4\u4f17\u7ec4\u7ec7\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u62ef\u6551\u4e86\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u53ef\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u572860\u5e74\u4ee3\u540e\u671f\u548c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6574\u4e2a70\u5e74\u4ee3\u90fd\u906d\u5230\u610f\u5927\u5229\u7fa4\u4f17\u4eec\u7684\u654c\u89c6\u3002<br \/>\n<strong><br \/>\n\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u7684\u6d41\u8840\u4e8b\u4ef6<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u540c\u6837\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u5728\u65b0\u6b96\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4e0e\u6548\u679c\u30021968\u5e746\u6708\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u4e0e\u6cd5\u56fd\u548c\u610f\u5927\u5229\u5e76\u80a9\u6fc0\u70c8\u6218\u6597\u7740\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u56fd\u9645\u4e0a\u5f88\u5c11\u63d0\u53ca\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u4f46\u90a3\u91cc\u662f\u6700\u8840\u8165\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u6240\u5904\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u662f\u51e0\u5929\u524d\u82cf\u8054\u5766\u514b\u521a\u5bf9\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u7684\u5165\u4fb5\u3002\u6b63\u5982Ed Vulliamy\u6700\u8fd1\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\uff1a\u201c\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u8bb0\u8f7d\u4e86\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u5965\u6797\u5339\u514b\u8fd0\u52a8\u4f1a\u4e0a\u7f8e\u56fd\u9ed1\u4eba\u91d1\u724c\u83b7\u5f97\u8005\u9ad8\u4e3e\u9ed1\u624b\u5957\uff0c\u5374\u5f88\u5c11\u63d0\u53ca\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u519b\u961f\u7684\u5965\u6797\u5339\u4e9a\u65c5\u7684\u767d\u624b\u5957\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u4eec\u8eab\u540e\u7684\u5766\u514b\u548c\u9ad8\u98de\u7684\u76f4\u5347\u98de\u673a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e8e\u8fd0\u52a8\u4f1a\u524d\u4e00\u5468\u768410\u67082\u65e5\u5728\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u57ce\u4e34\u8fd1\u5730\u533a\u7684\u7279\u62c9\u6d1b\u5c14\u9644\u8fd1\u67aa\u51fb\u5b66\u751f\u3001\u519c\u6c11\u548c\u5de5\u4eba\u3002\u201d\uff08\u300a\u9769\u547d\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u58f0\u97f3\u300b\u2018True voice of the revolution\u2019, Ed Vulliamy\uff0c2008\u5e741\u670820\u65e5\u7684\u300a\u89c2\u5bdf\u5bb6\u62a5\u300b\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u62a2\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa70\u5e74\u4ee3\u8840\u8165\u7684\u963f\u6839\u5ef7\u519b\u653f\u5e9c\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u7edf\u6cbb\u9636\u7ea7\u5c31\u91c7\u53d6\u201c\u5931\u8e2a\u201d\u7b56\u7565\u5c06\u6740\u5bb3\u7684\u5c38\u4f53\u6254\u5165\u6d77\u4e2d\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5bf9\u6fc0\u8fdb\u5b66\u751f\u548c\u5de5\u4eba\u4e3a\u9996\u7684\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u4eba\u6c11\u5fc3\u4e2d\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u6df1\u6df1\u7684\u5370\u8bb0\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u201c1968\u5e74\u5728\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u6240\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u9769\u547d\u6bd4\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u533a\u66f4\u4e3a\u6b8b\u5fcd\u201d\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5f53\u65f6\u53e4\u5df4\u7684\u5361\u65af\u7279\u7f57\u5374\u5bf9\u8be5\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4fdd\u6301\u6c89\u9ed8\uff0c\u4ed6\u201c\u6ca1\u6709\u5229\u7528\u5176\u5f71\u54cd\u652f\u63011968\u5e74\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u4eba\u6c11\u6216\u5176\u4efb\u4f55\u540e\u8d77\u8005\u201d\u3002\u90e8\u5206\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u653f\u5e9c\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u4e00\u4e2a\u627f\u8ba4\u53e4\u5df4\u653f\u6743\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u7136\u800c\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u7531\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u4e00\u573a\u65b0\u9769\u547d\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5728\u53e4\u5df4\u5185\u90e8\u5f15\u53d1\u5bf9\u771f\u6b63\u5de5\u4eba\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u5f3a\u70c8\u5171\u9e23\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u6253\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u9769\u547d\u201d\u7684\u65d7\u53f7,\u4ee5\u8bd5\u56fe\u53bb\u5b8c\u62101910\u5e74\u9769\u547d\u4ee5\u53ca\u6f58\u7ef4\u62c9\uff08Pancho Villa\uff09\u548c\u827e\u7c73\u91cc\u963f\u8bfa\u6258\u5e15\u5854\uff08Emiliano Zapata\uff09\u6ca1\u80fd\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\u4ecd\u5728\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u56de\u8361\u7740\u3002\u8fd9\u5bfc\u81f4\u63a8\u7ffb\u4e86\u5728\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e8670\u5e74\u7684\u9769\u547d\u5236\u5ea6\u515a(PRI)\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4e5f\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e8620\u4e16\u7eaa90\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u201c\u8428\u5e15\u5854\u201d\u8fd0\u52a8\uff08\u2018Zapatista\u2019 movement\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u4eca\u5929\u5728\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u6240\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e8b\u4ef6, \u800cAndr\u00e9s L\u00f3pez Obrador\u5dee\u70b9\u5c31\u51fb\u8d25\u53f3\u7ffc\u5019\u9009\u4ebaFelipe Calder\u00f3n\u3002<br \/>\n<strong><br \/>\n\u8d8a\u5357\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u56fd\u7edf\u6cbb\u9636\u7ea7\u7edd\u5bf9\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bf9\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u6240\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6f20\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3\u7684\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u662f\u8c28\u614e\u770b\u5f85\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u62c9\u7f8e\u88d4\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5728\u4eca\u5929\u66f4\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5c06\u5176\u770b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6574\u4e2a\u62c9\u4e01\u7f8e\u6d32\u7684\u95e8\u6237\u3002\u57281968\u5e74\u7f8e\u56fd\u7edf\u6cbb\u9636\u7ea7\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u8d8a\u6218\u9020\u6210\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6df7\u4e71\u5f04\u7684\u7126\u5934\u70c2\u989d\u3002\u8d8a\u6218\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f71\u54cd\u662f3250\u540d\u9752\u5e74\u7531\u4e8e\u51fa\u4e8e\u826f\u5fc3\u62d2\u7edd\u670d\u5175\u5f79\u53c2\u6218\u800c\u88ab\u6295\u5165\u76d1\u72f1\u3002\u4f30\u8ba1\u670925\u4e07\u4eba\u9003\u907f\u5175\u5f79\uff0c\u7ea6\u6709100\u4e07\u4eba\u8fdd\u53cd\u4e86\u5175\u5f79\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u7136\u800c\u53ea\u6709\u5176\u4e2d\u768425000\u540d\u88ab\u8d77\u8bc9\uff0c\u4e00\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff1a\u201c\u9700\u670d\u5f79\u5374\u901a\u8fc7\u5b66\u751f\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u63a8\u8f9e\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u7406\u7531\u4ece\u800c\u907f\u514d\u88ab\u519b\u961f\u5f81\u53ec\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u8fbe1500\u4e07\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\u6b63\u5982\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u5c0fArthur Schlesinger\u6240\u5199\u9053\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u201c\u8d8a\u6218\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5728\u5f81\u53ec\u8d2b\u7a77\u767d\u4eba\u548c\u9ed1\u4eba\u7684\u513f\u5b50\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7236\u6bcd\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0a\u6ca1\u6709\u591a\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u3002\u6709\u6743\u52bf\u4eba\u7684\u513f\u5b50\u88ab\u9001\u5230\u5927\u5b66\u91cc\u4fdd\u62a4\u8d77\u6765\u201d\u3002\uff08 Michael Maclear, Vietnam: \u300a1\u4e07\u5929\u7684\u6218\u4e89\u300bThe Ten Thousand Day War, \u7b2c313\u9875\uff09\u6392\u5728\u8fd9\u201c\u9e70\u96cf\u201d\u96c6\u56e2\u9996\u4f4d\u7684\u662f\u2014\u2014\u4ed6\u4eec\u9003\u907f\u4e86\u5175\u5f79\u4f46\u51c6\u5907\u652f\u6301\u6218\u4e89\u2014\u2014\u4e54\u6cbb\u5e03\u4ec0\u548c\u5176\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e4b\u5f92\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8d8a\u5357\u7684\u5c60\u6740\u662f\u5f15\u53d11968\u5e74\u56fd\u9645\u4e0a\u591a\u6570\u9752\u5e74\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u7edf\u6cbb\u9636\u7ea7\u901a\u8fc7B-52\u7684\u70b8\u5f39\u548c\u6a59\u5242\u7b49\u5316\u5b66\u6b66\u5668\u5728\u5f53\u5e74\u7684\u8d8a\u5357\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u65e0\u6cd5\u5f62\u5bb9\u7684\u7834\u574f\u548c\u5c60\u6740\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u8bb8\u591a\u53ef\u6015\u7684\u8be6\u60c5\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u4e8b\u540e\u5f97\u4ee5\u77e5\u6653\u3002\u201c\u5b98\u65b9\u201d\u6570\u636e\u8bf4\u6709200\u591a\u540d\u624b\u65e0\u5bf8\u94c1\u7684\u8d8a\u5357\u5e73\u6c11\u906d\u5c60\u6740\uff0c\u4f46\u4e00\u540d\u7f8e\u519b\u4f5c\u5bb6\u5219\u4f30\u8ba1\u4eba\u6570\u8fbe\u5230\u7ea6700\u540d\u3002\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u7f6a\u884c\u7684\u5904\u7f5a\u4ec5\u4ec5\u5c31\u662f\u5c06\u4e2d\u5c09William Calley\u5728\u519b\u4e8b\u76d1\u72f1\u5173\u4e86\u4e09\u5929\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u666f\u8c61\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u88ab\u7535\u89c6\u62a5\u9053\u76f4\u63a5\u516c\u5f00\u5316\u3002\u4e0b\u53f0\u7684\u7ea6\u7ff0\u900a\u603b\u7edf\u540e\u6094\u6ca1\u6709\u8bc9\u8bf8\u4e13\u5236\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53bb\u63a7\u5236\u7535\u89c6\u62a5\u9053\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u8d8a\u6218\u7f8e\u519b\u53f8\u4ee4\u5a01\u65af\u7279\u6469\u5170\u5c06\u519b\uff08Westmoreland\uff09\u63d0\u5230\uff1a\u201c\u5728\u6218\u4e89\u521d\u671f\u4ed6\uff08\u7ea6\u7ff0\u900a\uff09\u5e94\u8be5\u91c7\u7528\u65b0\u95fb\u68c0\u67e5\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u90a3\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u591a\u4e48\u590d\u6742\u7684\u540e\u679c\u3002\u201d\uff08Lieutenant General Philip B Davidson, \u300a\u5728\u8d8a\u5357\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u6218\u4e89\u300bVietnam at War, \u7b2c490\u9875\uff09\u6b64\u540e\u7f8e\u56fd\u7edf\u6cbb\u9636\u7ea7\u9010\u6e10\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5b98\u65b9\u7684\u201c\u68c0\u67e5\u5236\u5ea6\u201d\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u4ed6\u4eec\u6709\u865a\u62df\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u5ba3\u4f20\u90e8\u95e8\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u9ed8\u591a\u514b\u7684\u201c\u798f\u514b\u65af\u65b0\u95fb\u201d\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b89\u63d2\u5728\u4f0a\u62c9\u514b\u7684\u2018\u542c\u8bdd\u2019\u8bb0\u8005\u4eec\u3002<br \/>\n<strong><br 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