{"id":28270,"date":"2021-04-01T21:34:19","date_gmt":"2021-04-01T13:34:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/?page_id=28270"},"modified":"2021-04-01T21:34:50","modified_gmt":"2021-04-01T13:34:50","slug":"%e8%87%b4%e6%b3%95%e9%9b%b7%e7%88%be%c2%b7%e5%a4%9a%e5%b8%83%e6%96%af%e7%9a%84%e4%b8%89%e5%b0%81%e4%bf%a1%ef%bc%881940%e5%b9%b43%e6%9c%884%e6%97%a5%ef%bc%8c1940%e5%b9%b44%e6%9c%884%e6%97%a5%ef%bc%8c19","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/chinaworker.info\/zh-hant\/%e4%bf%9d%e8%a1%9b%e9%a6%ac%e5%85%8b%e6%80%9d%e4%b8%bb%e7%be%a91940%e5%b9%b4-%e5%ba%8f%e8%a8%80%ef%bc%88%e5%90%91%e9%9d%92%e6%92%b0%ef%bc%8c1974%e5%b9%b45%e6%9c%88%ef%bc%89\/%e8%87%b4%e6%b3%95%e9%9b%b7%e7%88%be%c2%b7%e5%a4%9a%e5%b8%83%e6%96%af%e7%9a%84%e4%b8%89%e5%b0%81%e4%bf%a1%ef%bc%881940%e5%b9%b43%e6%9c%884%e6%97%a5%ef%bc%8c1940%e5%b9%b44%e6%9c%884%e6%97%a5%ef%bc%8c19\/","title":{"rendered":"\u81f4\u6cd5\u96f7\u723e\u00b7\u591a\u5e03\u65af\u7684\u4e09\u5c01\u4fe1\uff081940\u5e743\u67084\u65e5\uff0c1940\u5e744\u67084\u65e5\uff0c1940\u5e744\u670816\u65e5\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"tdi_1\" class=\"tdc-zone\"><div class=\"tdc_zone tdi_2  wpb_row td-pb-row\"  >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_2{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }\n<\/style><div id=\"tdi_3\" class=\"tdc-row\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_4  wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_4,\r\n                .tdi_4 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_4,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_4 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_4 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_4:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_4:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n\/* inline tdc_css att - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n.tdi_4{\nmargin-top:50px !important;\n}\n\n.tdi_4 .td_block_wrap{ text-align:left }\n\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_6  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span8\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_6{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_6 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_6 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_6 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_6 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_6 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" ><div class=\"wpb_wrapper wpb_text_column td_block_wrap td_block_wrap vc_column_text tdi_7  tagdiv-type td-pb-border-top td_block_template_1\"  data-td-block-uid=\"tdi_7\" >\n<style>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.vc_column_text > .td-element-style{\r\n\t\t\t\t\tz-index: -1;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"td-fix-index\"><h3 class=\"title1\" style=\"text-align: center;\">\u81f4\u6cd5\u96f7\u723e\u00b7\u591a\u5e03\u65af\u7684\u4e09\u5c01\u4fe1<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">I<\/h3>\n<p align=\"right\">1940\u5e743\u67084\u65e5<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u89aa\u611b\u7684\u591a\u5e03\u65af\u540c\u5fd7\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u5728\u9019\u88e1\u81ea\u7136\u96e3\u4ee5\u5bc6\u5207\u95dc\u6ce8\u53cd\u5c0d\u6d3e\u7684\u6fc0\u70c8\u653f\u6cbb\u6f14\u8b8a\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u8868\u73fe\uff0c\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u8b93\u4eba\u5011\u89ba\u5f97\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u6025\u8457\u81ea\u6bc0\u9000\u8def\uff0c\u9019\u9ede\u6211\u662f\u8a8d\u540c\u7684\u3002\u4f2f\u7d0d\u59c6\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u300a\u79d1\u5b78\u8207\u98a8\u683c\u300b\u672c\u8eab\u4e26\u4e0d\u51fa\u4e4e\u610f\u6599\u3002\u4f46\u6c99\u8d6b\u7279\u66fc\uff0c\u963f\u4f2f\u6069\u53ca\u4ed6\u4eba\u5c0d\u9019\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u9ed8\u8a31\u662f\u6700\u4ee4\u4eba\u5931\u671b\u7684\u5fb5\u5146\uff0c\u9019\u4e0d\u50c5\u662f\u5f9e\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u7406\u8ad6\u65b9\u9762\u4f86\u8aaa\u662f\u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5f9e\u4ed6\u5011\u5c0d\u9ee8\u7684\u5718\u7d50\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u60f3\u6cd5\u4f86\u8aaa\u66f4\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u76ee\u524d\u6211\u5728\u9019\u88e1\u53ef\u4ee5\u5224\u65b7\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u60f3\u4ee5\u9ee8\u7684\u5718\u7d50\u70ba\u540d\u88fd\u9020\u5206\u88c2\u3002\u6c99\u8d6b\u7279\u66fc\u767c\u6398\u51fa\u4e86\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e0d\u5982\u8aaa\u662f\u767c\u660e\u51fa\u4e86\u300c\u6b77\u53f2\u5148\u4f8b\u300d\u3002\u4ed6\u8aaa\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5e03\u723e\u4ec0\u7dad\u514b\u9ee8\u5167\u7684\u53cd\u5c0d\u6d3e\u64c1\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u51fa\u7248\u7269\u8af8\u5982\u6b64\u985e\u7684\u8a71\u3002\u4ed6\u53ea\u662f\u5fd8\u8a18\u4e86\u9ee8\u5728\u90a3\u6642\u64c1\u6709\u5e7e\u5341\u842c\u7684\u6210\u54e1\uff0c\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7684\u4efb\u52d9\u53ef\u4ee5\u50b3\u9054\u5230\u9019\u5e7e\u5341\u842c\u6210\u54e1\u90a3\u88e1\uff0c\u4e26\u8aaa\u670d\u4ed6\u5011\u3002\u5728\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u8a0e\u8ad6\u662f\u5f88\u96e3\u9650\u5b9a\u5728\u5167\u90e8\u5c0f\u5708\u5b50\u88e1\u7684\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u6c7a\u5b9a\u6b0a\u5728\u65bc\u6578\u5341\u842c\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5169\u500b\u5c0f\u5718\u9ad4\uff0c\u9019\u6e1b\u5c0f\u4e86\u9ee8\u7684\u520a\u7269\u8207\u53cd\u5c0d\u6d3e\u7684\u520a\u7269\u5171\u5b58\u7684\u5371\u96aa\u3002\u7f8e\u570b\u9ee8\u4eba\u6578\u76f8\u5c0d\u8f03\u5c11\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u904e\u53bb\u9084\u662f\u73fe\u5728\uff0c\u9ee8\u5167\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u5df2\u7d93\u6975\u5176\u5145\u5206\u4e86\u3002\u96d9\u65b9\u754c\u7dda\u4f3c\u4e4e\u8db3\u5920\u7a69\u56fa\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u500b\u968e\u6bb5\u662f\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u3002\u53cd\u5c0d\u6d3e\u5728\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u8981\u6c42\u64c1\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u516c\u958b\u5831\u7d19\u6216\u96dc\u8a8c\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u4e0d\u5728\u65bc\u8aaa\u670d\u9ee8\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u63d0\u8acb\u5916\u90e8\u4e16\u754c\u5c0d\u9ee8\u4f5c\u51fa\u5224\u6c7a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u50cf\u793e\u5de5\u9ee8\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u9769\u547d\u5ba3\u50b3\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u548c\u51dd\u805a\u529b\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u7fa4\u773e\u9ee8\u66f4\u5927\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u6709\u5169\u500b\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u7d44\u7e54\u5411\u5916\u90e8\u4e16\u754c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7db1\u9818\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u53e3\u865f\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7d44\u7e54\u539f\u5247\uff0c\u63a9\u84cb\u4e86\u9019\u7a2e\u72c0\u6cc1\u7684\u300c\u5718\u7d50\u300d\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u865b\u5047\u7684\uff0c\u7b2c\u56db\u570b\u969b\u4e0d\u61c9\u8a72\u3001\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u627f\u8a8d\u9019\u7a2e\u865b\u5047\u7684\u300c\u5718\u7d50\u300d\u3002\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u516c\u958b\u7684\u5206\u88c2\u8981\u6bd4\u9019\u7a2e\u865b\u5047\u7684\u5718\u7d50\u53ef\u53d6\u4e00\u5343\u500d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53cd\u5c0d\u6d3e\u9084\u8209\u51fa\u4e86\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u4e8b\u5be6\uff1a\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u570b\u5bb6\u88e1\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u66fe\u540c\u6642\u64c1\u6709\u904e\u5169\u500b\u5e73\u884c\u7d44\u7e54\u3002\u4f46\u9019\u7a2e\u7279\u4f8b\u50c5\u5728\u5169\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u66ab\u6642\u7684\u63a5\u53d7\uff1a\u5169\u500b\u7d44\u7e54\u6216\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u9762\u8c8c\u5c1a\u672a\u5341\u5206\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u7b2c\u56db\u570b\u969b\u5c1a\u9700\u6642\u9593\u4f86\u52a0\u4ee5\u5206\u6790\u5224\u65b7\uff1b\u6216\u662f\u5728\u96d9\u65b9\u7684\u5177\u9ad4\u5206\u6b67\u6975\u5176\u6709\u9650\u3001\u4f46\u53c8\u5341\u5206\u5c16\u92b3\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u8981\u4e0d\u8981\u6253\u5165\u6cd5\u570b\u5de5\u8fb2\u793e\u6703\u9ee8\u7b49\u554f\u984c\uff09\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u5169\u8005\u4e26\u5b58\u7684\u5c40\u9762\u3002\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u5247\u8207\u4e4b\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u6211\u5011\u66fe\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u5177\u6709\u56b4\u8085\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u5718\u7d50\u7684\u9ee8\uff0c\u800c\u73fe\u5728\u6709\u4e86\u5169\u500b\u7d44\u7e54\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u7d44\u7e54\uff0c\u56e0\u5176\u793e\u6703\u6210\u5206\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u5916\u754c\u58d3\u529b\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u4e0b\uff0c\u5728\u8fd1\u5e7e\u500b\u6708\u88e1\uff0c\u540c\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u3001\u7db1\u9818\u3001\u653f\u7b56\u4ee5\u53ca\u7d44\u7e54\u65b9\u5f0f\u767c\u751f\u4e86\u4e0d\u53ef\u8abf\u548c\u7684\u885d\u7a81\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u5011\u540c\u610f\u5728\u6c11\u4e3b\u96c6\u4e2d\u5236\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u4e0a\u548c\u4f60\u5011\u5171\u4e8b\uff0c\u4f60\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u671f\u671b\u901a\u904e\u5171\u540c\u7684\u5be6\u8e10\u4f86\u8aaa\u670d\u3001\u722d\u53d6\u4ed6\u5011\u7576\u4e2d\u6700\u512a\u79c0\u7684\u6210\u54e1\u3002\uff08\u4ed6\u5011\u4e5f\u6709\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\u671f\u671b\u8aaa\u670d\u4f60\u5011\uff09\u4f46\u662f\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u64c1\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u51fa\u7248\u7269\u7684\u7368\u7acb\u7d44\u7e54\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u53ea\u80fd\u671d\u8457\u4f2f\u7d0d\u59c6\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u6f14\u5316\u3002\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u8a8d\u70ba\u7b2c\u56db\u570b\u969b\u7d55\u4e0d\u80fd\u7d66\u4ed6\u5011\u7d72\u6beb\u628a\u67c4\uff0c\u8b93\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u5de5\u4eba\u9762\u524d\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u58ae\u843d\u505a\u507d\u88dd\u3002\u8207\u4e4b\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u7b2c\u56db\u570b\u969b\u61c9\u8a72\u8feb\u4f7f\u53cd\u5c0d\u6d3e\u5c07\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u8207\u6211\u5011\u5fb9\u5e95\u5283\u6e05\u754c\u9650\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u50c5\u8981\u4fdd\u885b\u6211\u5011\u7684\u65d7\u5e5f\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9084\u8981\u516c\u958b\u5411\u7fa4\u773e\u767c\u51fa\u6700\u5f37\u70c8\u7684\u8b66\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5927\u6703\u4e0d\u50c5\u6709\u6b0a\u4e14\u6709\u8cac\u4efb\u63d0\u51fa\u5c16\u92b3\u800c\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u4e8c\u8005\u64c7\u4e00\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff1a\u8981\u9ebc\u9078\u64c7\u9075\u7167\u6c11\u4e3b\u96c6\u4e2d\u5236\u539f\u5247\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u7d71\u4e00\uff08\u540c\u6642\u7d66\u4e88<b>\u9ee8\u5167<\/b>\u5c11\u6578\u6d3e\u56b4\u8085\u800c\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u4fdd\u8b49\uff09\u8981\u9ebc\u5c31\u9078\u64c7\u5728\u5de5\u4eba\u968e\u7d1a\u7684\u8b1b\u58c7\u9762\u524d\u9032\u884c\u516c\u958b\u3001\u660e\u78ba\u3001\u5766\u7387\u7684\u5206\u88c2<a title=\"\" href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u81f4\u4ee5\u6700\u8aa0\u646f\u7684\u554f\u5019\uff01<\/p>\n<p align=\"right\">W. RORK [\u5217\u6602\u00b7\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa]<\/p>\n<p>\u9644\uff1a\u6211\u525b\u525b\u6536\u5230\u514b\u5229\u592b\u862d\u5927\u6703\u95dc\u65bc\u9ee8\u7684\u5718\u7d50\u7684\u6c7a\u8b70\u3002\u6211\u7684\u611f\u89ba\u662f\uff1a\u5c11\u6578\u6d3e\u7684\u666e\u901a\u6210\u54e1\u4e0d\u60f3\u5206\u88c2\u3002\u5c11\u6578\u6d3e\u7684\u9818\u5c0e\u5c0d\u7406\u8ad6\u4e0d\u611f\u8208\u8da3\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u5c0d\u7d14\u7cb9\u7684\u65b0\u805e\u6d3b\u52d5\u611f\u8208\u8da3\u3002\u5728\u95dc\u65bc\u9ee8\u7684\u6c7a\u8b70\u7684\u540d\u7fa9\u4e0b\uff0c\u5c11\u6578\u6d3e\u7684\u9818\u5c0e\u61f7\u8457\u4f7f\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u8ffd\u96a8\u8005\u53c3\u8207\u5206\u88c2\u7684\u52d5\u6a5f\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5206\u88c2\u9ee8\u7684\u6c7a\u8b70\u3002\u6c7a\u8b70\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u5e03\u723e\u4ec0\u7dad\u514b\u9ee8\u7684\u5c11\u6578\u6d3e\u5728\u4e00\u6230\u4e4b\u524d\u548c\u6230\u722d\u671f\u9593\u300d\u90fd\u64c1\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u516c\u958b\u653f\u6cbb\u96dc\u8a8c\u3002\u54ea\u500b\u5c11\u6578\u6d3e\uff1f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6642\u5019\uff1f\u54ea\u5bb6\u96dc\u8a8c\uff1f\u9019\u4e9b\u9818\u5c0e\u70ba\u4e86\u63a9\u84cb\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5206\u88c2\u4f01\u5716\uff0c\u628a\u8ffd\u96a8\u8005\u5e36\u4e0a\u4e86\u6b67\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c11\u6578\u6d3e\u7684\u9818\u8896\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u5e0c\u671b\u90fd\u5728\u65bc\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5beb\u4f5c\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u5f7c\u6b64\u4fdd\u8b49\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5831\u7d19\u80af\u5b9a\u6703\u6bd4\u591a\u6578\u6d3e\u7684\u512a\u79c0\u3002\u4fc4\u570b\u7684\u5b5f\u4ec0\u7dad\u514b\u6d3e\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u5c0f\u8cc7\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u6d3e\u5225\uff0c\u64c1\u6709\u8f03\u591a\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u5206\u5b50\u548c\u51fa\u8272\u7684\u8a18\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u4e5f\u7e3d\u662f\u62b1\u8457\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u671f\u671b\u3002\u4f46\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\u843d\u7a7a\u4e86\u3002\u8981\u5275\u5efa\u9769\u547d\u9ee8\uff0c\u5149\u6709\u4e00\u652f\u751f\u82b1\u7684\u5999\u7b46\u662f\u9060\u9060\u4e0d\u5920\u7684\uff1b\u5fc5\u9808\u8981\u6709\u7d2e\u5be6\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u57fa\u790e\u3001\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u7db1\u9818\u3001\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u5805\u5b9a\u7684\u7d44\u7e54\u539f\u5247\u3002\u800c\u53cd\u5c0d\u6d3e\u5247\u53cd\u5c0d\u9019\u4e00\u5207\uff0c\u5b83\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u3002\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5b8c\u5168\u540c\u610f\u4f60\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u5011\u60f3\u8981\u5c07\u4f2f\u7d0d\u59c6\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u3001\u6c99\u8d6b\u7279\u66fc\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u548c\u963f\u4f2f\u6069\u7684\u7d44\u7e54\u65b9\u5f0f\u63d0\u4ea4\u7d66\u5916\u754c\u8f3f\u8ad6\u4f86\u52a0\u4ee5\u8a55\u5224\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u61c9\u8a72\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u540d\u7fa9\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u7531\u9ee8\u6216\u7b2c\u56db\u570b\u969b\u4f86\u627f\u64d4\u8cac\u4efb\u3002<\/p>\n<p align=\"right\">W. R<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">II<\/h3>\n<p align=\"right\">1940\u5e744\u67084\u65e5<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u89aa\u611b\u7684\u591a\u5e03\u65af\u540c\u5fd7\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u4f60\u6536\u5230\u9019\u5c01\u4fe1\u6642\uff0c\u5927\u6703\u5df2\u5728\u9032\u884c\u4e2d\u3002\u5206\u88c2\u662f\u5426\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\uff0c\u5c0d\u6b64\u4f60\u5011\u6216\u8a31\u6709\u4e86\u660e\u6670\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f2f\u7d0d\u59c6\u7684\u554f\u984c\u5c31\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u5b83\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u5c11\u6578\u6d3e\u4f5c\u51fa\u8b93\u6b65\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u5141\u8a31\u81ea\u5df1\u5805\u6301\u5148\u524d\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\u3002\u70ba\u5168\u570b\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u548c\u6c7a\u5b9a\u9032\u884c\u4fdd\u5bc6\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5927\u4e8b\uff0c\u4f46\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5927\u4e8b\uff0c\u5728\u73fe\u6cc1\u4e0b\u751a\u81f3\u4e0d\u7b97\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u5927\u7d0440%\u7684\u9ee8\u54e1\u76f8\u4fe1\u963f\u4f2f\u6069\u662f\u6700\u512a\u79c0\u7684\u7d44\u7e54\u8005\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u5011\u7559\u5728\u9ee8\u5167\uff0c\u4f60\u5011\u5c31\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u7d66\u963f\u4f2f\u6069\u6a5f\u6703\uff0c\u8b93\u4ed6\u4f86\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u7d44\u7e54\u554f\u984c\u4e0a\u7684\u9577\u8655\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u8b93\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u59a5\u5354\u3002\u65b0\u4e00\u5c46\u5168\u570b\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5168\u6703\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u6c7a\u8b70\u61c9\u5ba3\u4f48\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u5168\u9ad4\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u6216\u5b83\u7684\u6b63\u5f0f\u6a5f\u69cb\uff08\u653f\u6cbb\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u6216\u66f8\u8a18\u8655\uff09\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u7121\u4eba\u6709\u6b0a\u6d29\u9732\u5168\u570b\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u7684\u5167\u60c5\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\u66f8\u8a18\u8655\u61c9\u5236\u5b9a\u5177\u9ad4\u7684\u4fdd\u5bc6\u898f\u5247\u3002\u5982\u679c\u505a\u4e86\u9019\u4e00\u5207\u6e96\u5099\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u767c\u751f\u4e86\u6d29\u5bc6\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u5c31\u61c9\u8a72\u9032\u884c\u6b63\u5f0f\u8abf\u67e5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\u963f\u4f2f\u6069\u7684\u904e\u5931\uff0c\u5c31\u61c9\u8a72\u5c0d\u4ed6\u9032\u884c\u516c\u958b\u8b66\u544a\uff1b\u518d\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u904e\u932f\uff0c\u5c31\u61c9\u628a\u4ed6\u958b\u9664\u51fa\u66f8\u8a18\u8655\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u6709\u66ab\u6642\u7684\u4e0d\u5229\uff0c\u4f46\u7d42\u7a76\u6bd4\u5c07\u963f\u4f2f\u6069\uff0c\u9019\u4f4d\u7d10\u7d04\u7684\u7d44\u7e54\u8005\u51b7\u843d\u65bc\u66f8\u8a18\u8655\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5373\u812b\u96e2\u66f8\u8a18\u8655\u7684\u5be6\u969b\u63a7\u5236\u66f4\u70ba\u6709\u5229\u3002<br \/>\n\u6211\u5b8c\u5168\u660e\u767d\u4f60\u5011\u5c0d\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u66f8\u8a18\u8655\u611f\u5230\u6eff\u610f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5206\u88c2\u767c\u751f\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u5b83\u6216\u8a31\u662f\u4eba\u5011\u6240\u60f3\u5230\u7684\u6700\u597d\u7684\u66f8\u8a18\u8655\u3002\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u5718\u7d50\u5f97\u4ee5\u7dad\u6301\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u4f60\u5011\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u53ea\u8b93\u591a\u6578\u6d3e\u4ee3\u8868\u7d44\u6210\u66f8\u8a18\u8655\u3002\u4e5f\u8a31\u4f60\u5011\u61c9\u8a72\u7d44\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u4e94\u4eba\u66f8\u8a18\u8655\u2014\u2014\u591a\u6578\u6d3e\u4e09\u4eba\uff0c\u5c11\u6578\u6d3e\u5169\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u53cd\u5c0d\u6d3e\u7336\u8c6b\u4e0d\u6c7a\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u7528\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u6e20\u9053\u8b93\u4ed6\u5011\u77e5\u9053\uff1a\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u50c5\u9858\u610f\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9858\u610f\u5728\u7de8\u8f2f\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u5167\u4fdd\u7559\u6c99\u8d6b\u7279\u66fc\u7684\u6210\u54e1\u8cc7\u683c\uff0c\uff1b\u6211\u5011\u751a\u81f3\u9858\u610f\u5c07\u963f\u4f2f\u6069\u9078\u5165\u66f8\u8a18\u8655\uff1b\u8af8\u5982\u6b64\u985e\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u8fa6\u6cd5\u6211\u5011\u4e5f\u9858\u610f\u8003\u616e\uff1b\u6211\u5011\u552f\u4e00\u4e0d\u80fd\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u5c11\u6578\u6d3e\u8f49\u8b8a\u70ba\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6d3e\u5225\u3002<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">\u203b\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u203b\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u203b<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u6211\u6536\u5230\u4e86\u52d2\u5e03\u502b<a title=\"\" href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\"><sup>[2]<\/sup><\/a>\u65bc\u570b\u969b\u57f7\u59d4\u6703\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u3002\u591a\u9ebc\u7368\u7279\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\uff01\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u6b64\u6642\u5728\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5782\u6b7b\u6399\u624e\u7684\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u5728\u6230\u722d\u53ca\u5373\u5c07\u5230\u4f86\u7684\u5730\u4e0b\u6d3b\u52d5\u7684\u5f62\u52e2\u4e0b\uff0c\u61c9\u62cb\u68c4\u5e03\u723e\u4ec0\u7dad\u514b\u7684\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0c\u64c1\u8b77\u7121\u689d\u4ef6\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u3002\u4f55\u7b49\u7684\u985b\u4e09\u5012\u56db\uff01\u4f46\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u7d14\u7cb9\u662f\u500b\u4eba\u610f\u7fa9\u4e0a\u7684\uff1a\u6211\u60f3\u5e79\u561b\u5c31\u5e79\u561b\uff0c\u5225\u7ba1\u6211\u3002\u52d2\u5e03\u502b\u548c\u7d04\u7ff0\u905c\uff0c\u662f\u4f5c\u70ba\u7279\u5b9a\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u539f\u5247\u88ab\u9078\u5165\u570b\u969b\u57f7\u59d4\u6703\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u90fd\u62cb\u68c4\u4e86\u539f\u5247\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u9867\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7d44\u7e54\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u300c\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u300d\u626e\u6f14\u4e86\u653e\u6d6a\u4e0d\u7f88\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4f5c\u5bb6\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u80fd\u53ec\u958b\u4e00\u6b21\u570b\u969b\u6703\u8b70\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u80af\u5b9a\u6703\u906d\u5230\u6700\u56b4\u53b2\u7684\u6307\u8cac\uff0c\u88ab\u958b\u9664\u51fa\u570b\u969b\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u4e0d\u61f7\u7591\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u3002\u8207\u6b64\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u9084\u4ee5\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u514d\u8077\u7684\u53e4\u7f85\u99ac\u5143\u8001\u9662\u8b70\u54e1\u2014\u2014\u9019\u9084\u662f\u4ee5\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u540d\u7fa9\u5462\uff01<\/p>\n<p>\u5c31\u50cf\u6cd5\u570b\u4eba\u8aaa\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\uff0c\u6230\u722d\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u63a1\u53d6\u6230\u6642\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u9019\u610f\u5473\u8457\u6211\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u4f7f\u7b2c\u56db\u570b\u969b\u7684\u9818\u5c0e\u73ed\u5b50\u9069\u61c9\u6211\u5011\u5404\u500b\u7684\u771f\u5be6\u529b\u91cf\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u9019\u8981\u6bd4\u81ea\u6211\u6a19\u699c\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u514d\u8077\u7684\u5143\u8001\u9662\u8b70\u54e1\u66f4\u70ba\u6c11\u4e3b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\u63d0\u51fa\u4f86\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u4f60\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f15\u7528\u9019\u5e7e\u884c\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u6211\u5c0d\u52d2\u5e03\u502b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7b54\u8986\u3002<\/p>\n<div align=\"right\">\n<table border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u3000\u3000W. RORK [\u5217\u592b\u00b7\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa]<br \/>\n\u79d1\u7d04\u963f\u574eD.F.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">III<\/h3>\n<p align=\"right\">1940\u5e744\u670816\u65e5<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u89aa\u611b\u7684\u591a\u5e03\u65af\u540c\u5fd7\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u5011\u4e5f\u6536\u5230\u4e86\u4f60\u548c\u55ac\u7684\u95dc\u65bc\u5927\u6703\u7684\u4f86\u4fe1\u3002\u64da\u6211\u5011\u5728\u9019\u88e1\u5224\u65b7\uff0c\u4f60\u5011\u76e1\u4e86\u4e00\u5207\u52aa\u529b\u4f86\u7dad\u6301\u9ee8\u7684\u5718\u7d50\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5728\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u53cd\u5c0d\u6d3e\u4ecd\u8981\u4ed8\u8af8\u5206\u88c2\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u9019\u53ea\u80fd\u8b93\u6bcf\u500b\u5de5\u4eba\u770b\u898b\u4ed6\u5011\u662f\u4f55\u7b49\u5730\u504f\u96e2\u4e86\u5e03\u723e\u4ec0\u7dad\u514b\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u539f\u5247\u3001\u5c0d\u9ee8\u7684\u7121\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u591a\u6578\u6d3e\u61f7\u8457\u4f55\u7b49\u7684\u6575\u610f\u3002\u6211\u5011\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u6642\uff0c\u6703\u5c0d\u4f60\u5011\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u8a73\u60c5\u4f5c\u51fa\u66f4\u6e96\u78ba\u7684\u5224\u65b7\u3002<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">\u203b\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u203b\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u203b<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u8acb\u4f60\u6ce8\u610f\u53e6\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u5373\u683c\u862d\u5fb7\u5c31\u7b26\u865f\u908f\u8f2f\u554f\u984c\u2014\u2014\u4f2f\u7279\u862d\u00b7\u7f85\u7d20\u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u908f\u8f2f\u2014\u2014\u5beb\u7684\u90a3\u7bc7\u53cd\u5c0d\u4f2f\u7d0d\u59c6\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u3002\u9019\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u7b46\u8abf\u975e\u5e38\u5c16\u92b3\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u53cd\u5c0d\u6d3e\u9084\u7559\u5728\u9ee8\u5167\uff0c\u4f2f\u7d0d\u59c6\u9084\u7559\u5728\u300a\u65b0\u570b\u969b\u300b\u7684\u7de8\u8f2f\u90e8\u88e1\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u6216\u8a31\u61c9\u8a72\u628a\u9019\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u6539\u5f97\u300c\u53cb\u5584\u300d\u4e00\u9ede\u3002\u4f46\u5c0d\u7b26\u865f\u908f\u8f2f\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u56b4\u8085\u6709\u76ca\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u770b\u4f86\uff0c\u5c0d\u7f8e\u570b\u8b80\u8005\u7279\u5225\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u97cb\u4f2f\u540c\u5fd7\u4e5f\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u90e8\u5206\u7576\u4e2d\u5beb\u5230\u4e86\u540c\u4e00\u500b\u8a71\u984c\u3002\u6211\u7684\u610f\u898b\u662f\u4ed6\u61c9\u8a72\u5c07\u4ed6\u9019\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u64f4\u5145\u70ba\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u4ed4\u7d30\u95e1\u8ff0\u9019\u500b\u8a71\u984c\uff0c\u6295\u7d66\u300a\u65b0\u570b\u969b\u300b\u3002\u6211\u5011\u73fe\u5728\u61c9\u8a8d\u771f\u3001\u6709\u689d\u4e0d\u7d0a\u5730\u7e7c\u7e8c\u9032\u884c\u8faf\u8b49\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u904b\u52d5\u3002<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">\u203b\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u203b\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u203b<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u5091\u59c6\u7684\u5c0f\u518a\u5b50<a title=\"\" href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\"><sup>[3]<\/sup><\/a>\u975e\u5e38\u512a\u79c0\u3002\u9019\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u9818\u8896\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u3002\u54ea\u6015\u9019\u6b21\u8a0e\u8ad6\u9664\u4e86\u9019\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4ec0\u9ebc\u90fd\u6c92\u7522\u751f\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u90a3\u4e5f\u662f\u503c\u5f97\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5411\u4f60\u5011\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u81f4\u4ee5\u6700\u53cb\u597d\u7684\u554f\u5019\uff01<\/p>\n<div align=\"right\">\n<table border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>W. RORK [\u5217\u592b\u00b7\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa]<br \/>\n\u79d1\u7d04\u963f\u574eD.F.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<hr align=\"left\" size=\"1\" width=\"60%\" \/>\n<p>\u8a3b\u91cb\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"\" href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0\u570b\u969b\u57f7\u884c\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u5728\u5f88\u4e45\u4e4b\u524d\u5c31\u61c9\u8a72\u63d0\u51fa\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u4e8c\u8005\u64c7\u4e00\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u57f7\u59d4\u6703\u4e26\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u2014\u2014 \u5217\u00b7\u6258<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"\" href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\"><sup>[2]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0\u52d2\u5e03\u502b\uff08Lebrun\uff09\uff0c\u672c\u540d\u99ac\u88e1\u5967\u00b7\u4f69\u5fb7\u6d1b\u85a9\uff08Mario Pedrosa\uff0c1900\u20141981\uff09\uff0c\u5df4\u897f\u653f\u6cbb\u6d3b\u52d5\u5bb6\uff0c\u6587\u85dd\u8a55\u8ad6\u5bb6\uff0c\u66fe\u53c3\u52a0\u5df4\u897f\u5171\u7522\u9ee8\uff0c1929\u5e74\u56e0\u50be\u5411\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u4e3b\u7fa9\u88ab\u958b\u9664\u51fa\u9ee8\uff0c\u6b64\u5f8c\u6295\u8eab\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u4e3b\u7fa9\u904b\u52d5\uff0c\u66fe\u4ee3\u8868\u62c9\u4e01\u7f8e\u6d32\u7684\u6258\u6d3e\u7d44\u7e54\u53c3\u52a0\u4e86\u7b2c\u56db\u570b\u969b\u6210\u7acb\u5927\u6703\uff0c\u4f75\u5165\u9078\u570b\u969b\u57f7\u59d4\u6703\u3002\u2014\u2014\u6821\u5c0d\u8005\u6ce8<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"\" href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\"><sup>[3]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0\u9019\u88e1\u6307\u7684\u662f\u574e\u8fb2\u7684\u300a\u70ba\u722d\u53d6\u6210\u7acb\u4e00\u500b\u7121\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u653f\u9ee8\u800c\u9b25\u722d\u300b\uff08The Struggle for a Proletarian Party\uff09\u3002\u2014\u2014\u7de8\u8005<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_column tdi_9  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span4 td-is-sticky\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - 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