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Shachtman\uff09\u7684\u4fe1\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u300c\u5b98\u50da\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5728\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u5e7e\u4e4e\u8207\u5341\u6708\u9769\u547d\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5b8c\u5168\u5c0d\u7acb\u3002\u300d SWP\u5167\u90e8\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u5c11\u6578\u53cd\u5c0d\u6d3e\u6539\u8b8a\u4e86\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u7acb\u5834\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u5c0d\u82ac\u862d\u7684\u9032\u653b\u548c\u8207\u5e0c\u7279\u52d2\u7684\u689d\u7d04\u5f9e\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u6539\u8b8a\u4e86\u8607\u806f\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u6027\u8cea\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u7372\u5f97\u5e87\u8b77\u4e26\u4e14\u88ab\u7981\u6b62\u5165\u5883\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u5728\u9019\u6b21\u8faf\u8ad6\u4e2d\u958b\u59cb\u5beb\u4f5c\uff0c\u5411\u4ed6\u5011\u63d0\u554f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8607\u806f\u4e0d\u662f\u5de5\u4eba\u570b\u5bb6\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u99ac\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u61c9\u5982\u4f55\u63cf\u8ff0\u5b83\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ed6\u5011\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u56de\u7b54\u9053\uff0c\u5b98\u50da\u5c64\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u968e\u7d1a\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u8aaa\u8607\u806f\u5df2\u8b8a\u6210\u570b\u5bb6\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u793e\u6703\uff0c\u9084\u8a8d\u70ba\u6b50\u6d32\u7684\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3001\u7f8e\u570b\u7f85\u65af\u798f\u65b0\u653f\u548c\u65af\u5927\u6797\u4e3b\u7fa9\u540c\u6a23\u5c0e\u5411\u5b98\u50da\u4e3b\u7fa9\u570b\u5bb6\u7368\u88c1\u7d71\u6cbb\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u9019\u4ef6\u4e8b\u4e0a\u6c92\u6709\u5340\u5206\u9769\u547d\u548c\u53cd\u9769\u547d\u3002\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4f5c\u70ba\u91d1\u878d\u8cc7\u672c\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7576\u7136\u4e0d\u6703\u525d\u596a\u8cc7\u672c\u5bb6\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u65af\u5927\u6797\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5b98\u50da\u5c64\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6b77\u53f2\u4f7f\u547d\u7684\u81e8\u6642\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u65b0\u7684\u7d71\u6cbb\u968e\u7d1a\u3002\u8607\u806f\u5f37\u52c1\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u6210\u9577\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5b98\u50da\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8a08\u5283\u7d93\u6fdf\u548c\u65b0\u6280\u8853\u5f15\u9032\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3002\u5b98\u50da\u5c64\u7919\u4e86\u8a08\u5283\u7d93\u6fdf\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u65af\u5927\u6797\u4e3b\u7fa9\u662f\u6975\u6b0a\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u7368\u88c1\u7d71\u6cbb\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u653f\u6b0a\u4e26\u4e0d\u7a69\u5b9a\u3002\u65af\u5927\u6797\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5d29\u6f70\u548c\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5fa9\u8f9f\u65e9\u5728\u5176\u767c\u751f50\u5e74\u524d\u5c31\u5df2\u7d93\u7531\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u9810\u8a08\u5230\uff0c\u5176\u8ca0\u9762\u6548\u61c9\u70ba\u4e16\u754c\u7121\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u7684\u524a\u5f31\u548c\u5e1d\u570b\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u5f37\u5316\u3002\u53d7\u5230\u4e8c\u6230\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u904e\u7a0b\u88ab\u63a8\u9072\u4e86\u3002 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alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u8faf\u8ad6\u8207\u5718\u7d50<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u9019\u5834\u8faf\u8ad6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u5c07\u5c16\u92b3\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u8ad6\u6230\u8207\u5f37\u8abf\u5718\u7d50\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u7d50\u5408\u8d77\u4f86\u3002\u4ed6\u5f37\u8abf\u4e86SWP\u6210\u54e1\u548c\u9818\u5c0e\u4eba\u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u524d\u5982\u4f55\u5c31\u8607\u806f\u6027\u8cea\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u554f\u984c\u9054\u6210\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u5beb\u9053\uff0c\u9019\u5834\u8faf\u8ad6\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u300c\u616b\u607f\u7d44\u7e54\u5206\u88c2\uff0c\u6703\u91c0\u6210\u5927\u932f\u300d\uff0c\u300c\u5982\u679c\u9019\u6b21\u601d\u60f3\u9b25\u722d\u8ddf\u5206\u88c2\u3001\u6e05\u6d17\u3001\u958b\u9664\u7b49\u7b49\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u524d\u666f\u806f\u7e6b\u8d77\u4f86\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u90a3\u5b83\u5373\u4f7f\u4e0d\u662f\u81f4\u547d\u7684\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u4e5f\u662f\u6975\u7aef\u6709\u5bb3\u7684\u3002\u300d <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ed6\u8d0a\u6210\u300c\u5982\u679c\u591a\u6578\u6d3e\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4eba\u300d\u767c\u8d77\u9019\u7a2e\u5a01\u8105\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u53d7\u5230\u300c\u6279\u8a55\u6216\u56b4\u91cd\u8b66\u544a\u300d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\uff0c\u300c\u9818\u5c0e\u5c64\u7684\u5a01\u4fe1\u6703\u53d7\u640d\u300d\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u63d0\u51fa\u9032\u884c\u8faf\u8ad6\u61c9\u6709\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u96d9\u65b9\u90fd\u675c\u7d55\u4efb\u4f55\u5a01\u8105\uff0c\u800c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u932f\u8aa4\u8209\u52d5\uff0c\u5247\u61c9\u7531\u5168\u570b\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u6216\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6aa2\u67e5\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u9032\u884c\u8abf\u67e5\u3002\u96d9\u65b9\u61c9\u8a72\u5fe0\u8aa0\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u8207\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u95dc\u4fc2\u5bc6\u5207\u7684\u8a79\u59c6\u65af\u00b7P\u00b7\u574e\u8fb2\uff08James\nP Cannon\uff09\u540c\u610f\u9019\u4e00\u7acb\u5834\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u5b83\u5728\u9ee8\u5167\u9818\u5c0e\u5c64\u63d0\u51fa\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u5728\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u793e\u6703\u6c11\u4e3b\u5de5\u9ee8\u548c\u5e03\u723e\u4ec0\u7dad\u514b\u7684\u8faf\u8ad6\u4e2d\u5df2\u7d93\u7a4d\u7d2f\u4e86\u9577\u671f\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\uff1a\u300c\u5373\u4f7f\u5b58\u5728\u5169\u7a2e\u4e0d\u53ef\u8abf\u548c\u7684\u7acb\u5834\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e26\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6709\u2018\u707d\u96e3\u2019\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5fc5\u9808\u5c07\u653f\u6cbb\u9b25\u722d\u9032\u884c\u5230\u5e95\u3002\u300d <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u70ba\u4e86\u5411\u6539\u8b8a\u7acb\u5834\u7684\u9818\u5c0e\u6210\u54e1\u99ac\u514b\u65af\u00b7\u590f\u8d6b\u7279\u66fc\u63d0\u51fa\u5efa\u8b70\uff0c\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u9818\u5c0e\u5c64\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4f46\u6c92\u6709\u7acb\u5373\u5f62\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u3001\u78ba\u5b9a\u4e86\u7684\u7acb\u5834\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u548c\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5de5\u4eba\u9ee8\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6578\u4eba\u5c07\u65b0\u7684\u5c11\u6578\u7fa4\u9ad4\u6b78\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u5c0f\u8cc7\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u53cd\u5c0d\u6d3e\u3002\u9019\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u610f\u601d\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u6c92\u6709\u4ed6\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7acb\u5834\u548c\u5206\u6790\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u53cd\u5c0d\u6d3e\u5728\u6563\u5e03\u300c\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u653f\u9ee8\u90fd\u6709\u7684\u4ee5\u6210\u767e\u4e0a\u5343\u8a08\u7684\u8efc\u805e\u548c\u8da3\u4e8b\u300d\uff0c\u8a66\u5716\u5f9e\u4e2d\u627e\u51fa\u932f\u8aa4\u548c\u904e\u5931\u3002\u5728\u9ee8\u5167\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u6709\u7740\u300c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u50cf\u4e00\u500b\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\u300d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8aaa\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u5c0f\u96c6\u5718\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u5f37\u8abf\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u5c11\u6578\u6d3e\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u9ede\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u4e0d\u5c0a\u91cd\u81ea\u5df1\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\uff0c\u5c0d\u7406\u8ad6\u6301\u8f15\u8511\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\u300234\u6b72\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u6559\u6388\u8a79\u59c6\u65af\u2022\u4f2f\u6069\u6d77\u59c6\u5c24\u5176\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u4ed6\u65bc1935\u5e74\u5165\u9ee8\uff0c\u4e26\u88ab\u4efb\u547d\u70ba\u8a72\u9ee8\u7406\u8ad6\u96dc\u8a8c\u300a\u65b0\u570b\u969b\u300b\u7684\u7de8\u8f2f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f2f\u6069\u6d77\u59c6\u53cd\u5c0d\u8faf\u8b49\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9\u548c\u99ac\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u7fa9\u54f2\u5b78\uff0c\u5c07\u5176\u6bd4\u4f5c\u4e00\u7a2e\u5b97\u6559\u3002\u5c11\u6578\u6d3e\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u9818\u5c0e\u4eba\u5ffd\u8996\u4e86\u9019\u4e00\u7acb\u5834\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u9019\u5834\u8faf\u8ad6\u4e4b\u524d\u76841939\u5e741\u6708\uff0c\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u5df2\u7d93\u6279\u8a55\u904e\u4e86\u6c99\u8d6b\u7279\u66fc\u5728\u300a\u65b0\u570b\u969b\u300b\u4e0a\u548c\u4f2f\u6069\u6d77\u59c6\u5171\u540c\u64b0\u5beb\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u300c\u6211\u5011\u4e4b\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u652f\u6301\u8faf\u8b49\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u53cd\u5c0d\u300d\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u662f\u5c0d\u99ac\u514b\u65af\u00b7\u4f0a\u58eb\u66fc\u7b49\u56e0\u4e0d\u582a\u793e\u6703\u58d3\u529b\u800c\u8f49\u5411\u53cd\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u524d\u99ac\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u7684\u826f\u597d\u6279\u5224\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u8b66\u544a\u8aaa\uff0c\u4e0d\u8207\u4f2f\u6069\u6d77\u59c6\u8faf\u8ad6\u8faf\u8b49\u6cd5\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\u3002\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u5c0d\u8faf\u8b49\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u8faf\u8b77\uff0c\u6bd4\u5176\u4ed6\u5927\u591a\u6578\u99ac\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8457\u4f5c\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u89e3\u91cb\u4e86\u54f2\u5b78\u3002\u8faf\u8b49\u6cd5\u89e3\u91cb\u8aaa\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u5728\u4e0d\u65b7\u8b8a\u5316\uff0c\u5728\u901a\u904e\u77db\u76fe\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u91cf\u8b8a\u5230\u8cea\u8b8a\u548c\u7a81\u8b8a\u3002\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u7e3d\u7d50\u9053\uff0c\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\uff0c\u8faf\u8b49\u6cd5\u662f\u793e\u6703\u767c\u5c55\u548c\u968e\u7d1a\u9b25\u722d\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u898f\u5f8b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u53cd\u5c0d\u6d3e\u5728\u4f2f\u6069\u6d77\u59c6\u7684\u5f37\u5927\u5f71\u97ff\u4e0b\uff0c\u63a1\u7528\u4e86\u56fa\u57f7\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u8868\u8ff0\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u7e3d\u7d50\u9053\u8607\u806f\u5df2\u7d93\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5de5\u4eba\u570b\u5bb6\uff0c\u4f46\u537b\u7121\u6cd5\u56de\u7b54\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u767c\u751f\u4e86\u91cf\u8b8a\u6216\u8cea\u8b8a\u3002\u5f9e\u54ea\u88e1\u5230\u54ea\u88e1\u2014\u2014\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6a23\u7684\u904e\u7a0b?\u53cd\u5c0d\u9ee8\u65e2\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u53c8\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5177\u9ad4\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f2f\u6069\u6d77\u59c6\u9084\u5f37\u8abf\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u300c\u500b\u4eba\u7368\u7acb\u6027\u300d\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u9ee8\u7684\u5efa\u8a2d\u4e2d\u5168\u8077\u4eba\u54e1\u662f\u7d55\u5c0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u4e26\u4e0d\u51c6\u5099\u70ba\u9ee8\u5168\u8eab\u5fc3\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u9019\u4e5f\u8868\u660e\u4e86\u4ed6\u5c0d\u9769\u547d\u96c6\u4e2d\u5236\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5c0f\u8cc7\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u53cd\u5c0d\u6d3e\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u7279\u9ede\u9084\u5305\u62ec\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u7684\u795e\u7d93\u8cea\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7acb\u5834\u4e4b\u9593\u53cd\u8986\u6a6b\u8df3\u7684\u7fd2\u6163\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u6d3e\u7cfb\u9b25\u722d\u4e2d\u8f15\u7387\u5730\u9078\u64c7\u76df\u53cb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f5c\u70ba\u5c0d\u9019\u5834\u8faf\u8ad6\u767c\u5c55\u904e\u7a0b\u7684\u7e3d\u9ad4\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u5beb\u9053\uff1a\u300c\u53cd\u5c0d\u6d3e\u958b\u555f\u4e86\u4e00\u5834\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u6d3e\u7cfb\u9b25\u722d\uff0c\u8b93\u73fe\u5728\u6b63\u8655\u65bc\u4e00\u500b\u4f7f\u9ee8\u9677\u5165\u76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